노인의 자원봉사활동이 자아존중감 및 생활만족도에 미치는 영향 = (A) Study on the Effect of Older People's Voluntary Activities on Their Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The population of older people rapidly increased in accordance with extension of average span of life because today's science development as well as higher standard of living could improve health control, so that older people related matters created serious social problems. Older people's volunteer activities could solve their loss of roles and sense of alienation to realize welfare society by doing such an activity, and cognition on the value of the activities increased day by day.
This study examined the effects of older people's volunteer activities upon self-esteem and life satisfactions, and the effects of the compensation for the volunteer activities as well as family help upon self-esteem and life satisfactions.
The subjects were not only 146 older people who participated in the volunteer activities but also another 147 older people who did not participate in the activities. The study collected the material of demographic statistical features, compensation for the volunteer activities, self-esteem and life satisfactions, etc to get frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation, etc, and it conducted χ²-test, t-test, F-test, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis, etc.
The findings were as follows:
Firstly, the demographic statistical features of the participants and non-participants in the volunteer activities had significant difference as follows: The participants had more women than non-participants had, and they were younger, more educated, religious, wealthy, healthy more than non-participants were, and they lived with either spouse or children and were satisfied with pocket money and had closer family relations than non-participants had.
Secondly, the participants had higher self-esteem than non-participants had: The difference was significant even after controlling the influence of variables of demographic statistical features.
Thirdly, the participants were satisfied with living life more than non-participants were: The difference was significant even after controlling the influence of variables of demographic statistical features.
Fourthly, the participants highly cognized compensation, and they highly cognized compensation levels at sub areas such as experience, social responsibility, social contact, social recognition and achievement, etc as well. The participants cognized that they were given family help considerably.
Fifthly, the study examined the effects of not only compensation for the volunteer activities but also family help upon self-esteem of the participants to conduct multiple regression analysis: The compensation for volunteer activities had significant influence upon self-esteem of the participants, while the family help of the volunteer activities had no influence upon the self-esteem.
Sixthly, the study examined the effects of not only compensation for the volunteer activities but also family help upon life satisfactions of the participants to conduct multiple regression analysis including demographic statistical variables: The compensation had significant influence upon the participants' life satisfactions, while the family help of the volunteer activities had no influence upon the life satisfactions.
The volunteer activities had positive influence upon self-esteem and life satisfactions of the older people. To promote the volunteer activities, therefore, more older people were required to participate in the activities: The study suggested promotion of older people's volunteer activities as follows:
Firstly, social cognition should make change to make use of latent faculties and valuable experience of old men in the society.
Secondly, a variety of programs were required to develop considering physical state, psychological state and job before retirement, etc to let older people show a variety of desires, technologies and experience, etc.
Thirdly, older people's volunteer activities should be organized systematically. An organization should be established to promote the activities in connection with central government supporting the activities. Existing old people related organizations should be used rather than establishment of new organizations to prevent small-sized organizations from creating disturbance and resource waste.
Fourthly, the compensation for the volunteer activities had positive influence upon self-esteem and life satisfactions of the participants: Therefore, the participants thought of the compensation level very much. From point of view of old people's welfare, the volunteers were also objects of the welfare: If old plople could carry out and be given welfare in the volunteer activities, they might become active and productive at welfare by making change of the position of passive beneficiaries. Therefore, the participants were required to be given more compensation by a variety of supports and considerations.
In conclusion, in old age, people were forced to experience biological, psychological and social aging process to suffer from a variety of aging related losses: Old people thought that they were useful while doing volunteer activities, so that they might be free from loneliness to live rich life at old age by being given basic roles and participation in the society and to elevate self-esteem and life satisfaction. In Korea, however, old people's volunteer activities were in initial stage to have less empirical researches on affirmative effects of the activities, so that researches on the activities should be made continuously.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = i
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 문제제기 및 연구목적 = 1
• 2. 연구의 범위 = 4
• 3. 연구의 한계 = 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 6
• 1. 노인자원봉사활동 의의와 필요성 = 6
• 2. 노인자원봉사활동 보상 및 가족지지 = 9
• 3. 노인 자아존중감 = 13
• 4. 노인 생활만족도 = 20
• 5. 선행연구 고찰 = 28
• Ⅲ. 조사방법 = 30
• 1. 조사대상 및 자료수집 = 30
• 2. 측정도구의 구성 = 31
• 3. 자료분석방법 = 33
• Ⅳ. 조사결과 = 35
• 1. 자원봉사활동 참여여부에 따른 인구통계학적 특성 = 35
• 2. 자원봉사활동 참여여부가 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 = 43
• 3. 자원봉사활동 참여여부가 생활만족도에 미치는 영향 = 51
• 4. 자원봉사활동 보상과 가족지지의 정도가 자아존중감 및 생활만족도에 미치는 영향 = 58
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 = 72
• 참고문헌 = 76
• ABSTRACT = 81
• 설문지 = 86