청소년의 스포츠활동 참여가 정신건강과 일탈행동에 미치는 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzed how youths' sports activities influence on their deviant behavior and mental health, demonstrated the effectiveness of sports activities, and furnishes useful information to promote to understand the value of sports education in educational institutions
This study conducted a survey of sports activities on sports-participants and non-sports-participants of 1,250 students attending high schools in Gwangju and Jeonnam region as of December, 2004.
The questionnaire in this study was made up on the basis of Kim Hyunsook's questionnaire(1998) which was based on YRBSS(Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System)(kann. et al., 1993) designed by CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), "The Measure of Stress" by Yoo Anjin & Han Mihyun(1994), Han Jongwook's questionnaire on "The Measure of deviant behavior in the Internet"(2001), and Shin Younggyun's questionnaire on the sports activities(1998). To analyze the collected data for the aims of this study, this study adapted T-verification with statistical program SPSS 10.1, One-way ANOVA, Categorical regression, and Correlation analysis.
Through the above methods and procedure, this study came to the below conclusions.
1. Male students who are sports-participants show higher rate both in mental health and in deviant behaviors than female students. On the other hand, second graders who are sports-participants show higher rate of mental health, and third graders show higher rate of the deviant behaviors.
Sports-participant students living in smaller cities show higher rate both in mental health and in deviant behaviors. Students in coeducational schools show higher rate in anxiety and mental depression. Antagonism show higher rate in boys' high schools, and self-effectiveness show higher rate in girls' high schools. Deviant behaviors in the Internet and runaway from home show higher rate in boys' high schools, school violence shows higher rate in girls' high schools, and sexual deviant shows the highest rate in coeducational schools.
2. According to the type of sports-participation, 'personal sports' show higher deviation in stress, self-esteem, self-control, mental depression, and runaway from home than ‘individual sports’ and 'team sports'. According to the level of sports-participation, 'systematic participation' shows higher deviation in self-esteem, mental depression, deviant behaviors in the Internet, sexual deviant, and runaway from home. And 'non-systematic participation' shows higher deviation in stress, self-effectiveness, school violence, and taking prohibitive drug.
According to the strength of sports-participation, over 2 hours' participation shows higher deviation in anxiety, hostility, self-control, mental depression, deviant behaviors in the Internet, sexual deviant, runaway from home and taking prohibitive drug. And according to the frequency of sports-participation, over 5 days' participation shows higher deviation in anxiety, self-esteem, school violence and stress. According the period of sports-participation, the period of 1 year or less shows higher deviation in self-effectiveness, self-esteem, school violence and stress, and the period of 4 ~6 years shows higher deviation in anxiety, self-control, mental depression, and sexual deviant.
3. This study shows that sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factors of anxiety, hostility, self-effectiveness, self-esteem, self-control, and mental depression. In particular, the factors of self-effectiveness, self-control, and mental depression are meaningfully influenced by the level of sports-participation. The necessary time and days of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of hostility and self-esteem. The necessary time and period of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of anxiety.
4. The necessary time and period of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of deviant behaviors in the Internet. The necessary time of sports-participation has the most meaningful influence on the factor of sexual deviant, and the level of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of school violence, runaway from home and prohibitive drug.
5. Regardless of sports-participation, while deviant behaviors in the Internet increase, school violences decrease. And the increase of deviant behaviors in the Internet accompany the increase of sexual deviant, runaway from home, and taking prohibitive drug. Sports-participation has strong interrelation with the factors of self-effectiveness and self-esteem.
This study came to the conclusion that youths' sports-participation has great influence on the factors of mental health and deviant behaviors. And schools and the Ministry of Education should develope systematic and specific sports program for youths. Because sports-participation involves very important details to understand human behaviors and youths' socialization, and gives good opportunities to experience social order and value to youths.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제목차례
• ABSTRACT = ⅶ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 = 4
• 3. 연구의 제한점 = 5
• 4. 용어의 정의 = 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 7
• 1. 청소년의 정신건강 = 7
• 1) 정신건강의 개념 = 7
• 2) 스포츠활동과 정신건강 = 8
• 3) 정신건강의 유형과 스포츠 = 9
• (1) 스트레스와 스포츠 = 9
• (2) 불안과 스포츠 = 11
• (3) 적대감과 스포츠 = 13
• (4) 자기효능감 = 15
• (5) 자아존중감과 스포츠 = 17
• (6) 자기통제와 스포츠 = 20
• (7) 우울과 스포츠 = 22
• 2. 청소년의 일탈 행동 = 23
• 1) 일탈행동의 개념 = 23
• 2) 일탈행동과 스포츠활동 = 25
• 3. 청소년의 일탈행동 유형 = 26
• 1) 사이버 일탈 = 26
• 2) 학교폭력 = 27
• 3) 성적 일탈 = 31
• 4) 가출 = 33
• 5) 금지약물 남용 = 34
• Ⅲ. 스포츠활동 참여와 정신건강과 일탈행동간의 관계모형 = 38
• 1. 관계모형의 설정 = 38
• 2. 관련 변인의 정의 = 39
• 1) 정신건강요인 = 39
• 2) 일탈행동요인 = 40
• 3. 연구 가설 = 41
• Ⅳ. 연구 방법 = 43
• 1. 조사 대상 = 43
• 2. 조사 도구 = 44
• 1) 예비조사 = 44
• 2) 설문지의 구성 = 44
• 3) 설문지의 타당도와 신뢰도 검사 = 47
• 3. 연구 진행 절차 = 51
• 1) 자료 수집 = 51
• 2) 자료 분석 = 51
• Ⅴ. 연구 결과 = 53
• 1. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 53
• 1) 성별에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 53
• 2) 학년에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 54
• 3) 학교소재지에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 57
• 4) 학교유형에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 59
• 2. 스포츠활동 참여 형태에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 61
• 1) 스포츠활동 참가유무에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 61
• 2) 스포츠활동 참여유형에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 63
• 3) 스포츠활동 참여수준에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 65
• 4) 스포츠활동 참여강도에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 66
• 5) 스포츠활동 참여빈도에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 68
• 6) 스포츠활동 참여기간에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 70
• 3. 스포츠활동 참여 정도와 정신건강 = 73
• 4. 스포츠활동 참여 정도와 일탈행동 = 77
• 5. 스포츠활동 참여 유무에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동요인과의 상관관계 = 79
• Ⅵ. 논의 = 82
• 1. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 82
• 2. 스포츠활동 참여 형태에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동 = 84
• 3. 스포츠활동 참여 정도와 정신건강 = 89
• 4. 스포츠활동 참여 정도와 일탈행동 = 90
• 5. 스포츠활동 참여 유무에 따른 정신건강과 일탈행동요인과의 상관관계 = 94
• Ⅶ. 결론 및 제언 = 96
• 1. 결론 = 96
• 2. 제언 = 98
• 참고문헌 = 99
• 설문지 청소년의 스포츠활동 참여가 정신건강과 일탈행동에 미치는 영향 = 113