So far, our urban environment did not consider the inherent history and cultural feature of each city, but executed only the indiscreet plan. As the result, our cities lost humanity, locality, and historicity, and worried about all sort of environment...
So far, our urban environment did not consider the inherent history and cultural feature of each city, but executed only the indiscreet plan. As the result, our cities lost humanity, locality, and historicity, and worried about all sort of environmental problems and urban problems owing to the development-oriented policy. In order to solve these problems, the diverse measures of preservation and utilization based on the study about the historic environment, are required.
In order to realize these requirements, this study selected Yangrim-dong as the concrete object place. Yangrim-dong is the cradle of Gwangju Christian missionary work and so preserves many Christian missionary culture relics including Missionary Wilson's private residence and the holly tree(Ilex cornuta) of more than 300 years old, and conserves the diverse historic resources with high cultural value including the dog stone monument of loyalty and filial piety, and Lee Jang Uh's house and Choi Seung Hyo's house which were designated as the local folklore cultural properties.
The historic environment composed of these historic resources provides the unique features of this region and this place, and distinguishes these spaces from their surroundings, and grants the distinct features. However, even though Yangrim-dong possesses many historic resources as the point elements with strong potential, it does not link the point with the line or the area, so that, as its limitation, it can not develop into the regional image.
In order to overcome this limitation, the purpose of this study was to present the pedestrian network for experiencing the historic environment, so that the historic resources composed of the point elements can ensure the continuity on the urban space and develop into the concept of line or area. To establish this network is not to preserve simply historic places or relics. Rather, it is to present the alternatives including the living environment which contains the trace of time in the every street, so that the residents living in Yangrim-dong can feel the comfortable and historic atmosphere.
For this purpose, the method of this study was to classify the elements into the material aspect and the non-material aspect, and then classify each aspect into point, line, and area, in analyzing the historic environment of the object place. The concepts of point, line, and area in the material elements are as follows.
Points can distinguish the historic places and relics having the value and meaning of preservation by using each point. Lines can distinguish the roads and pedestrian passages connecting a point and a point. Areas include the domain influencing the region around points and lines, and even the living environment of residents, and mean the space domain with the unique characteristic which distinguishes the region from other regions.
The non-material elements classified the contents of questionnaire on the subjects of residents into points, lines, and areas, and so analyzed the recognition level and behavior features of residents. This intended to test the validity of material aspects and identify the desirable form of urban maintenance.
On the basis of these concepts, this study derived the problems and potentials by domain from the 4 domains classified according to the present situations and features of the object place. And this study constructed the pedestrian network among the historic resources and formed the strongpoint to play the role of connecting link, so that the point elements of the object place could be enlarged and developed into the line elements. On the basis of this analysis, this study applied the concrete plans by domain around the strongpoint of the network, and applied the 4 design techniques of preservation, adjustment, maintenance, and formation according to the features.
The results presented through the above process of this study can be summarized as follows.
1) First, in order to preserve efficiently the historic environment and strengthen the regional identity, we can prepare the overall development plan about the backward object place, and activate the stagnant regional culture through forming the network among the points of historic resources.
2) Second, by enlarging the points of historic resources into the areas and at the same time linking the points of historic resources with other elements through the lines, the object place can be integrated into a part of the downtown activation strategy being promoted by Gwangju city.
3) Third, in order to strengthening its features, each domain classified through the analysis on the object place can maintain the pedestrian space and form the open space to play the central role of each domain.
4) Fourth, around the folklore roads which do not have the value of cultural properties but have the value of preservation as the daily living environment, the traditional landscape can be formed through the maintenance and utilization of the ground and the wall.
Therefore, as the measure for preserving the historic environment, the pedestrian network composition applying the concepts of points, lines, and areas can be applied somewhat differently according to the features of historic environment in each region, but ultimately it can contribute to understanding the new paradigm for preserving the historic environment and to presenting the diverse approaches for establishing and activating the identity of regional culture.