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O, Kyeong Hee,Rupa, Esrat Jahan,Anandapadmanaban, G.,Chokkalingam, M.,Li, Jin Feng,Markus, J.,Soshnikova, V.,Perez, Z.E.J.,Yang, Deok-Chun WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2019 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.181 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles were synthesized from <I>Hippophae rhamnoides</I> leaves extract via co precipitation method. Synthesized nanoparticles from leaves extract having ability to generate electron–hole (ē–h<SUP>+</SUP>) between the band gap of ZnO due to works as a photo catalyst in degradation of (Eosin Y, Malachite Green) textile dye. The photo catalysts were characterized with the UV–vis spectrometer, Field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. The UV analysis confirmed the formation of ZnO nanoparticles at 374 nm. The FE-TEM images indicates that it's having flower like shape. The XRD data confirmed the size and it is about 20.17 nm. The photocatalytic activity of the Synthesized NPs was evaluated using the Eosin Y and Malachite Green dye under Uv irradiation. Our study found that it has ability to degrade dye about 95%& 89% respectively. So <I>Hippophae rhamnoides</I> Leaves Zinc oxide nanoparticles (<I>Hr</I>-L-ZnO –NPs) can be a better photo catalyst for the treatment of polluted water through textile industry.</P>
Mah, Ki-Joong,Lee, Koon-Ja,Leem, Hyun-Sung,Jang, Jung-Un,Jang, Jae-Young WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.132 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We propose a depth resolution improved target depth image extraction method in integral imaging by using the convolution property between periodic functions (CPPF) with image interpolation algorithm. We derive the depth resolution equation of a direct pickup system and analyze the factors related to the change of the depth resolution which are the focal length of an elemental lens and the resolution of an elemental image. We investigate the effect according to the change of these factors. The simulation results show that the key factor to change the depth resolution is the resolution of an elemental image. To show the feasibility of the proposed method, we carry out the preliminary experiments and present the results.</P>
Optical contact force monitoring sensor for cardiac ablation catheters
Kim, J.A.,Park, K.,Kim, C.,Kulkarni, A.,Kim, T. WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2016 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.127 No.24
Modern lifestyles can lead to various lifestyle diseases that have become the most threatening health issues to humans. In particular, heart disease is the leading global cause of death. To diagnose heart disease, cardiac catheterization is frequently conducted. The contact force between the tip of the catheter and tissue is very critical because it determines the success or failure of the procedure. In this work, an optical sensor composed of transparent, flexible, and stretchable PDMS layers forming an air cavity was developed and evaluated. The reflectance of the sensor varied with external applied force depending upon the gap between elastomeric layers placed on the catheter tip. The fabricated sensor showed very low minimum resolution (<0.1 gF), which is desired for the application. A wider dynamic range than that of the present sensor (0-0.6 gF), which is inadequate for the practical application, can be achieved by optimizing the thickness of the flexible layers.
Choi, Hye Ran,Choi, Won Ho,Lee, Seung Chan,Ha, Yun Kyung,Kang, Seong Hyeon,Kim, Dae Ho,Lee, Youngjin WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.143 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nowadays, the interest and the number of examination of cerebral angiography and interventional procedure have been significantly increasing. In stent procedure on patients, the important point is to check especially whether the position of stent is complete. Also, the dilution ratio of contrast agent and normal saline (N/S) causes affect the quality of image. Thus, the purpose of this study was to find optimized dilution ratio of contrast agent for acquiring the high quality image with various diameters of self-production vessel model in AAPM head phantom. To evaluate the quality of image, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were used as a factor of quantitative measurement, and Likert scale was used as a factor of qualitative measurement. According to the results, we can acquire excellent result for 1:4 (contrast agent: N/S), 1:5, and 1:5 dilution ratios using 2, 3, and 5mm vessel diameters, respectively. In addition, quantitative measurement and qualitative measurement came up with same tendency. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the 1:4 and 1:5 dilution ratio of contrast agent had outstanding results in 2, 3, and 5mm diameters of vessel model in phantom.</P>
On the infrared emissions of Er<sup>3+</sup>/Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
Pawar, S.U.,Senthil Kumaran, Rangarajulu,Kumar, M.,Yun, K.S.,Dhoble, S.J.,Singh, Vijay WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.136 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Infrared emitting SrAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP> and SrAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP>,Yb<SUP>3+</SUP> powder samples were prepared by the urea combustion route. Powder X-ray diffraction technique was used to find the phase formation. Upon excitation at 980nm, broad infrared emission of Er<SUP>3+</SUP> ions at around 1.54μm was observed. The dependency of infrared luminescence intensity with co-doping was discussed.</P>
Lee, Y.S.,Lee, C.G.,Kim, S. WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.147 No.-
<P>A novel photonic crystal fiber design is presented. The design provides broadband high and uniform birefringence, large negative dispersion and low confinement loss. The fiber is based on double-hole assisted core in the conventional square lattice cladding. For the proposed PCF, high and uniform birefringence of 7.5 x 10(-3), the negative dispersion of -150 ps/(nm km) and an extremely low confinement loss can be obtained over E+ S+C+L+U (1380 similar to 1780 nm) wavelength bands. (C) 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.</P>
Iftiquar, S.M.,Kim, Jung Soo,Yi, Junsin WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.148 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High quality methyl ammonium lead iodide (MAPbI<SUB>3</SUB>) perovskite material based single junction solar cell was investigated by simulation. We observed a systematic variation in device performance due to a variation in optical absorption of the active layer. By changing thickness of absorber layer from 50nm to 1000nm, we obtained power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the photovoltaic devices varying from 7.9% to 21.1%. Its open circuit voltage (<I>V<SUB>oc</SUB> </I>) varied from 1.26V to 1.16V, short circuit current density (<I>J<SUB>sc</SUB> </I>) varied from 7.56mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> to 22.61mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> while the fill factor (<I>FF</I>) remained constant at 83% in this variation. Front surface of the solar cell was kept non-textured, however, back reflection of unabsorbed light was used in the analysis. The maximum PCE of 21.1% and <I>J<SUB>sc</SUB> </I> of 22.61mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> was observed for the solar cell with 1000nm absorber layer. The <I>J<SUB>sc</SUB> </I> and device efficiency increases with increased thickness of absorber layer (<I>d<SUB>i</SUB> </I>). Therefore, higher PCE can be obtained with a thicker absorber layer. However, we identify that, with 94nm thick absorber layer, the rate of change of PCE is equal to the rate of change of <I>J<SUB>sc</SUB> </I>, due to the thickness variation. In this cell with 94nm thick absorber layer (Cell-94), the PCE was 11.5%, nearly half of the PCE obtained with 1000nm absorber layer. In the Cell-94, the diode ideality factor was 2.04, and reverse saturation current density was 6×10<SUP>−13</SUP> Amp/cm<SUP>2</SUP>.</P>
On the unsteady and time-harmonic conservation laws of electromagnetic energy and chirality
Lee, Hyoung-In,Mok, Jinsik WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.148 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We examine conservation laws of the energy and chirality for electromagnetic waves in the case of loss-free dielectric media. We show that the energy allows for conservation laws for both generic unsteady and time-harmonic fields. In comparison, the chirality admits a conservation law only for time- harmonic fields. This difference in the time dependence illustrates the crucial distinction between the energy consisting of scalar products of field variables and the chirality composed of their vector products. For future extension of our analysis, we derive those conservation laws for spatially inhomogeneous refractive index. As a result, we uncover physical implications of the new terms in the conservation laws, that have not been considered in the conventional literature.</P>
Yang, Hyun Kyoung,Park, Sung Jun,Park, Jin Young,Je, Jae-Yong WISSENSCHAFTLICHE VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH 2017 Optik Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Gd<SUB>0.99-x</SUB>VO<SUB>4</SUB>:Tm<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>0.01</SUB>/Yb<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>x</SUB> phosphors with different Yb<SUP>3+</SUP> concentration (0.01–0.07mol) and sintering temperatures (450–600°C) were synthesized by the planetary ball milling method. The structural properties were analyzed using the X-ray diffraction patterns, which conform the poly phase with Na<SUB>3</SUB>Gd(VO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> and GdVO<SUB>4</SUB>. Upconversion luminescence was investigated under the 975nm laser diode. The upconversion spectra of Gd<SUB>0.99-x</SUB>VO<SUB>4</SUB>:Tm<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>0.01</SUB>/Yb<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>x</SUB> show two emission peak in <SUP>1</SUP>G<SUB>4</SUB> → <SUP>3</SUP>H<SUB>6</SUB> (477nm, blue) and <SUP>3</SUP>H<SUB>4</SUB> → <SUP>3</SUP>H<SUB>6</SUB> (802nm, NIR) of the Tm<SUP>3+</SUP> transitions, together with the <SUP>2</SUP>F<SUB>5/2</SUB> → <SUP>2</SUP>F<SUB>7/2</SUB> transition of Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>. Gd<SUB>0.92</SUB>VO<SUB>4</SUB>:Tm<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>0.01</SUB>/Yb<SUP>3+</SUP> <SUB>0.07</SUB> phosphor sintered at 600°C is expected to find potential applications such as blue LED by the near infra-red (NIR) excitation.</P>