濟州道 三陽沿岸海域의 海洋環境學的 硏究 : 水溫, 鹽分 및 溶存酸素의 分布 The distributional characteristics of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen

楊城基 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1984 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-

1983年 2月부터 11月까지 每月 三陽沿岸海域에서 調査된 海洋觀測結果로부터 三陽沿岸水의 季節別 受蘊, 鹽分 및 溶存酸素의 分布特性을 把握하였다. 三陽沿岸海域에는 年中 外洋水보다 低溫, 低鹽인 三陽 特有의 沿岸水가 形成되어 沿岸으로부터 약 1 ㎞ 外陽까지 表層을 덮으면서 擴張하고 있으며, 그 勢力은 夏季에 가장 發達하고 있다. 그러나 中 底層에서는 對馬暖流 등의 영향을 받고 있는 高溫, 高鹽의 外洋水가 沿岸으로 接近하여 沿岸水와의 사이에 현저한 前線域을 形成하고 있으나, 冬季에는 全 海域의 上·下層이 거의 均質한 混合水로 된다. 夏季에 降水 등에 의한 多量의 陸水流入으로 沿岸水는 28.5℃의 水溫과 27.9‰의 極低鹽水로 되며, 冬季에는 外洋水의 영향으로 13℃와 34.7‰을 나타내고 있다. 또한, 春 夏季의 溶存酸素量은 沿岸水이 外洋보다 약 0.3㎖/ℓ(5%) 높은 5.5∼6.5㎖/ℓ였다. 周年을 통한 鉛直混合層이 表層으로부터 沿岸域에서는 20m層까지, 外洋은 30m層까지 形成되며, 夏季의 外洋域에서는 비교적 安定된 成層海洋을 나타내고 있으나 三陽과 新村浦口의 앞 海域에는 淺海潮汐前線이 形成되고 있다. The seasonal distribution and characteristics of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen on the coast of Samyang were studied based on the oceanographic data compiled from February to November of 1983. The peculiar coastal sea water of the area was annually formed by the temperature and salinity lower than open sea water, and it was extended to about 1 Km off the coast, covering only the surface layer and such a phenomenon was most developed in summer, And then, the open sea water was strenuously appoached to the coast in winter, particularly, at middle and bottom layer mainly influenced by Tsushima warm current and it formed vertically homogeneous water owing to the strong wind and tidal current. In summer, the sea surface temperature and salinity of coastal water were 28.5℃ and 29.7% by inflowing of much fresh water, while in winter they were, 13℃ and 34.7%, respectively. Mean value of dissolved oxygen concentrated at surface layer of the coastal water during the period Feb. -June was 5.5-6.5㎖/ℓ, and it was higher than open sea water by about 0.3㎖/ℓ(3%). Through out the year, vertical mixing layer influenced by wind and tidal current in the coastal area was formed at depth of 20m and it was deeper at open sea area about 10m depth that of the area, but comparatively stable stratification was seen at the open sea area in summer. The shallow tidal front was found near the enterance of Samyang and Shinchon.

감성돔, Mylio macrocephalus (Basilewsky)의 種苗生産에 關한 硏究

李定宰,盧暹 濟州大學校海洋資源硏究所 1987 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.11 No.-

1986年 5月에 全南 得粮灣近海의 小形定置網에서 漁獲된 自然産 감성돔 Mylio macrocephalus(Basilewsky)을 對象으로 種苗生産技術開發을 위하여 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所에서 組織學的生殖巢發達, 人工採卵, 受精 및 仔稚魚飼育을 實施한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 體長 30cm 以內의 個體에는 雌雄同體가 나타나며 成長함에 따라 性은 뚜렷이 區分된다. 2. 卵巢는 많은 卵巢小囊으로 構成된 1 雙의 囊狀型이며, 卵巢小囊上皮에서 卵原細胞가 增殖分裂한다. 初期卵母細胞는 核膜 주위에 여러개의 分散仁이 分布한다. 800㎛m 內外의 完熟卵母細胞에는 核膜의 消失이 일어나며 細胞質에는 卵黃과 油球가 충만된다. 3. 精巢의 皮質層에서 精原細胞가 分裂增殖하며 精巢가 發達됨에 따라 精原細胞, 精母細胞, 精細胞, 精子의 層狀排列이 뚜렷해진다. 4. 産卵된 알은 無色透明한 球形 分離浮性卵으로서 卵徑은 0.87±0.04mm였으며 直徑 0.23 ±0.01mm 되는 1個의 油球를 가지고 있다. 5. 成熟한 親魚로 부터 人工窄出한 알이 受精方法에 따른 平均受精率은 乾式에서 89.28%, 濕式에서 88.38%였고, 平均孵化率은 47.56%, 69.66%였다. 6. 受精卵의 發生은 水溫 18.5∼20.2℃에서 46時間 20分, 水溫 16.8∼19.0℃에서 51時間만에 孵化하였다. 7. 孵化仔魚의 平均全長은 1.98±0.13㎜이며 筋節數는 10±12=22였고 油球는 卵黃의 後端, 肛門앞에 位置하였다. 8. 먹이로서 Artemia salina의 幼生과 Tigriopus japonicus의 幼生을 對象으로 調査한 全長 10.2㎜, 15.7㎜稚魚의 選擇性指數의 範圍는 前者의 경우 +0.26∼+0.30, 後者의 경우 -0.52∼-0.76으로서 Artemia salina가 높게 나타났다. 9. 全長 7∼10㎜ 範圍의 감성돔 稚仔魚의 攝食에 必要한 照度는 2,000 lux 內外였고 全長 15㎜ 의 稚魚는 300 lux 內外였다. 10. 감성돔의 孵化率 經過日數(D)에 따라 全長(T)의 成長은 72日까지는 T=0.4069D+0.1425(r=0.9929), 72日부터 195日까지는 T=0.6373D-6.8028(r=0.9737)이었다. 11. 經過日數(D)와 體重(W)과의 사이에는 ??의 指數曲線式으로 表示되었다. 12. 全長(L)에 對한 體重(W)의 相對成長은 ??의 關係式으로 表示되었다. Artificial seed production of black porgy were performed in the rearing aquariums of The Marine Resources Research Institute, Cheju University by using adult fish caught by a small set net in the coastal waters of Deug Yang and Wan-do Bay from January to May 1986. 1. Hermaphrodite individuals are observed among the yount fishes less than body length in 30cm. 2. The ovary consisted of a pair of saccular structure with numerous ovarian sacs branched toward the median cavity. Oogonia divided and proliferated along the germinal epithelium of the ovarian sac. In the Young oocytes with basophilic cytoplasm distributed many scattering nucleoli along the nuclear membrane. When the oocytes growing to 500∼800㎛ in diameter, muclear membranes are gradually disappear and most of cytoplasms were filled with yolk granules and oil drops. 3. Testis cortex was composed of several testicular lobuli and spermatogonia divided and proliferated along the germinal epithelium of the testiclar lobuli. With development of germ cells, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and sperms are arranged toward the germinal cavity. 4. Fertilized eggs of black porgy are buoyant, spherical, colorless, contains oil globule, isolating pelagic in quality and measuring 0.87 ±0.04mm in diameter. 5. Mean fertility and hatching rate were 89.28% and 47.56% in dry method, 88.38% and 69.66% in wet method of artificial fertilization. 6. The time required for hatching of eggs were 46.2 hours at 18.5-20.2℃ and 51 hours at 16.8-19.0℃ of water temperature. 7. The newly hatched larva of 1.98 ±0.13mm specimens has 10 (abdominal) + 12 (caudal) = 22 myotomes. The oil globule located at the posterior end of the yolk mass in front of the anus. 8. On the food selection indices calculated by the feeding results of juveniles, in the range of total length from 10.2mm to 15.7mm were+0.26∼+0.30 in the larva of Artemia salina and -0.52∼-0.76 in the larva of Tigriopus japonicus.

濟州沿岸에 分布하는 海洋動植物의 地方名에 關하여 : 2. 漁貝類 2. Fishes and Molluscan Shells

李定宰,白文河 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1982 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

濟州本土와 周邊 島嶼에서 1981年 6月부터 1982年 5月까지 魚貝類의 地方名을 調査하였다. 1. 調査된 魚類 100種中에는 共通으로 부르는 地方名이 32種이고, 標準名으로 된 것이 2種이다. 한편 同一種의 地方名이 混用되는 경우도 많았다. 2. 貝類 66種中에 標準名으로 된 것은 없고, 共通으로 使用되는 것은 14種이다. 3. 추자도의 貝類 地方名은 地 調査地域의 地方名과 매우 相異하다. The authors have surveyed the local names of fishes and molluscan shells in Jeju proper and its surrounding islands from June 1981 to May 1982. Among the examined 100 species of fishes we have checked up on 32 species which have local names in common, 2 species have standard names. And there are many cases that different local names are used together for the same species. No standard names are used for the 66 species of molluscan shells and 14 species of them have common local names. The local names of the molluscan shells in Chooja island are very different from those of the rest area.

제주도 周邊海域의 chlorophyll a 含量分布

全得山,高有峰 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1983 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.7 No.-

1980年 6月 제주도 北西海域과 1982年 7月 東南海域의 總 26個 定点에서 Chlorophyll a 含量을 기록하였다. 1980年 6月의 水層別 Chl. a 含量分析치는 0.023 ∼ n0.0578mg/㎥의 범위를 보였고 全 水層에 걸친 定点별 平均含量 分布와 海低地形간에 뚜렷한 逆相關을 볼수 있었다. 1980年 6月 제주도 北西海域의 Chl. a 含量 結果로부터 同海域을 0.127∼0.578mg/㎥ (平均 0.376mg/㎥)의 범위를 보이는 比較的 生産力이 높은 제주 沿岸海域 0.116∼0.290mg/㎥ (平均 0.193mg/㎥) 범위인 南海岸 近海域과 0.023∼0.268mg/㎥ (平均 0.09mg/㎥) 범위인 低生産 海域으로 3大別 할 수 있었다. 1982年 7月 16個 定点의 表層에서 測定된 Chl. a 含量値는 0.033∼0.743mg/㎥의 범위를 보이고 있었다. 이 資科는 Kuroshio 等 外樣性 海流의 低生産 狀態가 沿岸에 까지 連長되고 있음을 나타내고 있는 것으로 思科된다. In order to determine the state of primary production in the neighbouring waters of Jeju Island, chlorophyll a. contents of sea water were measured with special attention at 10 sites in June, 1980 and the surface layers of 16 sites were estimated in July, 1982. The chlorophyll a. concentrations of the sea water of the north-western waters off Jeju Island ranged between 0.023mg/㎥ and 0.578mg/㎥ in June, 1980. The averaged concentrations throughout the total water column at each site were inversely correlated with water depth i.e. bottom topography. From this data, the west-northern waters of Jeju vicinity can be divided into three areas based on primary productivity and water circulation during this investigation. The first zone is the narrow coastal zone near Jeju harbour showing relatively high productivity of average 0.376mg/㎥ and the second zone is composed of the neibouring waters of the southern sea of the Korean Penninsula, averaged out to 0.193mg/㎥. The third zone is composed of the waters with the lower productivity of average 0.09mg/㎥ located between these two areas. In July, 1982, a second cruise was made to measure the chlorophyll a. concentrations or the south-eastern waters off Jeju Island. The range of chlorophyll a concentrations during the investigation period varied between 0.033mg/㎥ and 0.743mg/㎥. Thus it may be concluded that the low productivity of the outer sea influenced by the oceanic current Kuroshio, was being extended to the coastal zone of Jeju Island. .

소라의 種苗量産에 關한 基礎的 硏究

卞忠圭,盧暹,孫松正 濟州大學校海洋資源硏究所 1986 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.-

濟州道産 소라, Batillus Cornutus (LIGHT FOOT)의 種苗量産을 爲하여 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 및 國立水産振興院 濟州培養場에서 1985年 7月부터 8月 사이에 南濟州 近海에서 採集된 殼高 51.9∼93.1mm의 母貝 387마리를 利用하여 7 回의 産卵誘發刺戟을 實施하였다. 알의發生 및 浮游幼生, 採苗, 附着幼生의 飼育過程에 따른 成長 및 生殘率 等에 關한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 産卵誘發刺戟으로서 刺戟前夜의 止水處理에 의한 干出, 紫外線照射海水刺戟을 竝行한 方法이 확실히 效果的이었다. 2. 同 方法에 의한 使用母貝의 反應率은 10.42∼36.84%였으며 受精率의 範圍는 71.45∼93.02%였다. 3. 産卵量에 對한 孵化率의 範圍는 63.25∼80.12%였다. 4. 採苗器 設置方法에 따른 浮游幼生의 採苗器當 平均 看生數는 垂直採苗에서 367.38±67.58個體(0.31개個體/㎠)였으나, 水平採苗의 경우는 428.25±318.50個體(0.36個體/㎠)로서 後者가 더 良好하였다. 5. 水槽壁面 着生된 附着稚貝의 垂直分布는 孵化後 70日까지는 附着硅藻의 着生이 많은 水面에서 30cm사이에 出現稚貝의 90.14%가 集中되었다. 6. 秋季採苗에서의 소라稚貝의 孵化後 70日間 飼育에서의 經過日數(D)에 따른 殼徑(S)의 成長關係式은 小型圓形水槽 (φ1.6×0.7m)의 경우 S=0.0090 D+0.4236, 四色水槽 (2.5×1×0.7m)의 경우 S=0.0109D+0.4253의 回歸直線式으로 名名 表示되었다. 7. 附着以後 稚貝의 大量斃死現象은 孵化後 20 日以內에 볼 수 있었고 이때의 生殘率은 圓形水槽에서 49.28%, 四色水槽에서 40.36%였으며 孵化後 70日間의 最終 生殘率은 前者에서 9.11%, 後者의 경우 8.93%였다. For the purpose of mass s production of the seedling of top shell, Batillus cornutus (LIGHT FOOT) in Cheju Do, 387 samples were collected at the southern coast of Cheju Island. Their shell height were ranged 51.9-93.1mm and the experiment to stimulate the spawning induction were excuted 7 times during the period of July, 1985 and August, 1985. The results of egg development, planktonic larvae seed collection, growth and survival rate in relation to the rearing process of settling larvae were as follows: 1. The method of induced spawning stimulation which practiced drying by means of non-circulation on the night before stimulation while irradiating the seawater with ultra-violet ray was most effective. 2. The range of response rate, and fertilization rate of samples by the above method was 10.42%∼36.84% and 71.45%∼93.02% respectively. 3. The range of fertilization rate against spawning was 63.25%∼80.12%. 4. The average of settling numbers per swimming larvae collector in relation to collector set-up method were 367.38±67.58 individual (0.31 individual/㎠) and 428.25±318.50 individual (0.36 individual/㎠) in vertical and horizontal settling respectively. 5. Vertical distribution of attached young top shell on the wall surface in aquarium was 90.14% of total young top shell and this was appeared between the water surface and 30cm depth which was abundant in settling of attatched diatom up 70 days after hatching. 6. The growth relationship equations between shell diameter and growth of 70 days after hatching of young top shell in autumn collection were the linear regression line of S=0.0090D+0.4236 and S=0.0109D+0.4253 in case of small circular aquarium (ψ1.6×0.7m) and rectangular one (2.5×1×0.7m) respectively. 7. Mass motality of young top shell after attatching was detected within 20 days after hatching. Survival rates were 49.28% and 40.36% in circular aquarium and rectangular one respectively. During this period while percentages of survival after 70 days were 9.11%, 8.93% in former and latter respectively.

冬季 西歸浦 沿岸의 海洋環境과 海水流動의 特性

楊城基 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1985 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

1983年 12月부터 1984年 1月까지 西歸浦 沿岸域에서 실시한 海洋觀測資科와 測流 및 海流板追跡實險을 通하여 冬季 海洋還境과 海水流動을 調査한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 西歸浦 沿岸水의 확정범우가 夏季와는 거의 反對로 表層에서는 鳥島와 蚊島 사이의 海域까지, 底層은 蚊島와 森島를 연결하는 海域까지이고, 이들 海域에서 海洋前線이 형성되고 있다. 2. 冬季 西歸浦 沿岸域은 大氣와 地表面의 강한 冷却效果, 比西季節風에 의한 連吹效果 및 潮流에 의한 上·下層水의 水平 및 鉛層混合으로 表·底層間의 理化學的 持性이 거의 均質하며, 南東海域으로부터 水溫 19℃이상, 鹽分 34.3% 이상, 透明度 14m인 外洋水가 流軸을 形成하면서 沿岸域으로 流入되고 있다. 3. 比西季節風에 의한 Ekman수송이나 강한조류 및 열손실에 의한 表面冷却效果로 10m層까지는 表層 混合層(Surface mixed layer)이 형성되고 있다. 4. 西歸浦 南東海域에서는 沿岸을 向해 流入하는 外洋水의 窒酸鹽은 沿岸보다 낮은 2㎍-at/ℓ內外이며, 溶存酸素는 4.34∼6.19㎖/ℓ의 分布를 보였다. 5. 西歸浦 沿岸의 潮汐型態數는 0.29로서 反日週潮가 우세한 混合潮의 性格을 가지며, 평균 月潮間隔은 09時 27分이고 平均調差는 약 30cm이다. 6. 測流結果 최대유속은 漲潮流時 NNW∼NW 68.4cm/sec(1.2kt)이며, 落潮流時는 SSE∼SE 62.8cm/sec(1.2kt)이나 平均流速은 落潮流가 약간 우세한 편이다. 7. 恒流는 大·小潮期 모두 西歸浦쪽에서 南東方의 外海로 向하며, 外樣水와 沿岸水의 交流는 주로 蚊島와 森島사이를 통하여 이루어지고, 漲·落潮時 轉流는 高·低潮後 약 1.5∼2時間에, 最强流는 潮時(高·低潮時)보다 약 2시간 前에 나타난다. 8. 삼매봉과 虎島 및 정방폭포앞 海下에는 地形性 過流가 존재할 가능성이 있으며, 특히 蚊島앞 해상에서는 좌선회하는 流動의 특성을 보이고 있다. 9. 西歸浦 沿岸의 海洋還境은 海水流動의 형태와 이유동의 계절적 변동에 따라 많은 변호가 일어나며, 특히 海藻類의 영향을 많이 받고 있다. Characteristics of oceanic environment and the flow on the coastal waters of seogwipo in winter are studied by means of oceanographic observations, cur rent measurments and drogue tracking. The oceanic front is mainly formed at the coastal boundery area between Mundo and Samdo. The seawater of this area is mixed horizontal, vertical ways and it's almost homogeneous in physical and chemical characteristics, but the surface mixed layer is strongly formed from the surface to 10m depth. Off sea water is flowed into the coastal area, forming the axis of flow from the southeast area which has about 19℃, 34.2% and 14m depth of transparency. Tidal currents flow NNW-NW with 68.4cm/sec at spring tide and SSESE with 62.8%cm/sec(1.2k't)at ebb tide. In front of Sammaebong, Hodo and Chungbang waterfall there is existed the tophographical eddy current, and in particular near the Samdo coastal area there is a counter-clockwise. To summarize, the exchange between coastal waters and off sea waters is largely made through Mundo and Jodo. The oceanic environment on the coastal area of Seogwipo change much according to the flow of coastal waters and it's seasonal variation. Especially, the effect of the tidal current is serious.

濟州島 沿岸의 水中騷音 -Ⅰ : 濟州港과 楸子島사이 Between Cheju Harbor and Chuja Island

鄭龍晋,邊昌翊,徐斗玉 濟州大學校海洋資源硏究所 1986 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.-

濟州港과 楸子島를 연결하는 線上의 3個點을 測定位置로 하여 水中騷音을 測定하고, 이것을 測定周波數에 따른 音壓準位로 分析한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1) 濟州港과 楸子島 사이의 水中騷音은 夜間에 높고 晝間에 낮으며, 測定點에서 音壓準位의 平均値의 差는 測定點 A, B, C에서 各各 3.7∼14.0 dB, 6.3∼9.1 dB, 10.0∼15.3 dB 였다. 2) 測定點에 對한 수직적인 平均音壓準位는 周波數 75Hz의 水深 20m, 50m, 100m에서 A는 各各 105.7 dB, 107.2 dB, 107.5 dB, B는 各各 105.7 dB, 103.9dB, 105.9 dB, C는 103.0 dB(20m), 105.8 dB(50m)였다. 3) 測定點에 對한 수평적인 平均音壓準位는 周波數 75Hz의 水深 20m, 50m, 100m에서 各各 104.8 dB, 105.6 dB, 106.7dB였다. 周波數 75∼5000Hz에서 音壓準位의 平均은 水深 20m, 50m, 100m에서 各各 83.3 dB, 84.4 dB, 85.9dB였다. 4) 3個 測定點에서 周波數 75Hz 最高値의 平均音壓準位는 測定點 A, B, C에서 各各 108.4 dB, 107.4 dB, 108.1 dB였다. Underwater ambient noises were investigated at three stations (A, B and C) connected to a straight line from Cheju harbor to Chuja Island. The underwater ambient noise was present as a sound pressure level for each measured frequence. The results were as follows: 1) The underwater ambient noises were high at nighttime but low at daytime. The differences of each value of average sound pressure level at station A, B and C were 3.7-14.0 dB, 6.3-9.1 dB and 10.0-15.3dB, respectively. 2) The vertical sound pressure level of each station was measured at 20m, 50m and 100m in the depth of water. The values of station A 105.7dB, 107.2dB and 107.5dB, respectively. The Values of station B were 105.7dB, 103.9dB and 105.9dB, respectively. The values of station C were 103.0dB at 20m and 105.8dB at 50m. 3) Each value of horizontal sound pressure level at station A, B and C was 104.8dB at 20m, 105.6dB at 50m and 106.7dB at 100m in the depth of water. Each mean values of sound pressure level from 75 to 5000Hz was 83.3dB at 20m, 84.4dB at 50m and 85.9dB at 100m in the depth of water, respectively. 4) Each mean values of maximum sound pressure level at 75Hz was 108.4dB at station A, 107.4dB at station B and 108.1dB at station C.

Changes of Some Harvested populations of Gamtae, Ecklonia cava Kjellman

LEE,Ki-Wan 濟州大學 海洋資源硏究所 1980 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Populational changes of Gamtae (Ecklonia cava Kjellman) harvested by women divers were investigated to compare with three unharvested Gamtae populations at the three different sites in the eastern part of Jeju island from April 1979 to March 1980. Main consisting individuals of Gamtae population were 2∼3 years old fronds as seen by the growth ring, and its individual numbers were 6.02∼5.33per ㎥ in the unharvested Gamtae population. In the harvested Gamtae population with one year passed, individual numbers of fronds approximately four times temporarily, while, the other two groups with two and three years old were far surpassed in individual numbers, reached up to two times more than unharvested Gamtae population. However, if the sporing period is late fall, above increasing rate of individual numbers in harvested populations could be thought of an effect of discharged spores from other populations of Gamtae. Therefore, the harvesting periods, presently known as summer season, must delay at least two month from August, although the sporing period can not be defined exactly.

濟州道 沿岸 海水의 化學的 및 徵生物學的 水質 現況에 關한 硏究

金在河,朴吉淳,姜永周 濟州大學 海洋資源硏究所 1981 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

1979年 10月부터 1980年 5月까지 8個月間에 걸쳐 濟州道內 3大 主要港인 濟州港, 西歸港 및 城山港에서 海水의 汚染 調査를 實施하였다. 各 地域別로 8個 定點을 選定하여 化學成分, 微生物 및 色素含量을 調査하였다. 3個 地域中 濟州港이 化學的, 微生物學的으로 가장 汚染이 심한데 특히 港 內側은 基準値를 훨씬 초과하는 심한 汚染現象을 나타내고 있다. 西歸港의 內港側은 基準値를 넘고 있으나 그밖의 곳은 比較的 깨끗하다. 城山港은 아직 汚染되어 있지 않은 것 같다. 色素 含量은 日別에 따른 差가 커서 명확한 結論을 내릴 수는 없으나 調査 期間中 濟州港에서 그 含量이 가장 높고 西歸港과 城山港은 비슷하게 낮다. 定點別로는 陸水나 下水의 影響을 많이 받는 곳의 色素 含量이 높았다. 그리고 色素 種類에 따른 差異는 항상 클로로필 c가 a, b 및 카로티 노이드 보다 많은 傾向을 나타냈다. A survey of seawater pollution was carried out monthly during October 1979 through May 1980 for three major harbors in Jeju, Seogwipo and Seogsanpo. Eight different sites were selected for each harbor to determine a chemical and microbiological pollution level together with a pigment content. Among three harbors, Jeju was most polluted chemically and microbiologically with significantly high level of pollution at the inner harbor which were well above the maximum permitted level. The inner harbor of Seogwipo also was in excess of permitted level under the influence of Cheonjicheon, but the other sites were rather clean. Seongsanpo is not polluted at the present time. It was shown that the pigment contents in seawater were higly variable from month to month. The highest pigment content in Jeju with the similar low values in Seogwipo and Seongsanpo were obtained throughout the investigating period. The differences in the pigment contents among the sampling sites showed that the inner harbor was much higher than outer port. This indicates that the sites with inflowing fresh water or sewage were generally high in pigment content. In pigment sorts, there always appeared higher amount of chlorophyll c than chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid.

濟州道産 소라, Turbo cornutus의 生殖週期에 關한 組織學的 硏究

李定宰 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1983 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.7 No.-

濟州道沿岸産 소라, Turbo cornutus를 對象으로 生殖巢의 構造, 生殖細胞形成過程 및 生殖過期를 光學顯微鏡과 電子顯微鏡的 方法에 의하여 調査하였다. 1. 濟州産 소라는 性轉換이나 雌雄同體인 個體를 찾아 볼 수 없었으며 성비는 약 1 : 1이었다. 2. 生殖巢는 나선상 內臟部의 臺灣部 外側에 位置하며, 生殖巢 外側 上皮層은 10∼40㎛의 單層原圓主上皮로 構成되어 있고, 이들 上皮層에는 粘液細胞와 Osmophilic 細胞가 混在하고 있다. 外側 上皮層下方에는 서로 値交되는 結綿性膠原纖維와 筋纖維가 緻密하게 結合된 筋纖維膜으로 構成되어 있고, 이곳에서 卵巢小葉과 精巢小葉이 各各 起源發達하며, 이들 小葉上皮가 生殖上皮로서의 機能을 가진다. 3. 末分化間充織과 好酸性顆粒細胞들이 初期 生殖細胞形成과 發達에 一種의 菅?細胞로 관여한다. 4. 卵母細胞가 100㎛ 前後로 成長하면 皮質顆粒層에서 卵黃顆粒의 蓄積이 시작되어 核膜가까이 擴散되어 오고, 脂肪顆粒은 核膜 부근에서 出現하여 皮質層으로 分散되어가며, 完熟卵의 크기는 200∼210㎛ 前後이다. 5. 完熟精子의 頭部는 約 6㎛, 尾部는 50㎛內外로서, 前端의 尖體는 電子密度가 相異한 2個의 區域으로 區分된다. 尖體와 核사이에는 透明腔이 存在하며, 이곳에서 二重纖維狀 款狀構造의 軸稈이 上下로 뻗어 있다. 鞭毛의 軸系構造는 9 + 2型이며 5個의 球形 미토콘드리아가 中心體를 둘러싸서 副核을 形成하고 있다. The structure of gonad, gametogenesis and the reproductive cycle of the turban shell, Turbo cornutus were investigated mainly employing photomicrography and electron microscopy. Turbo cornutus is dioecious, and neither sex reversal nor hermaphroditic individual could be found. The sex ratio is approximately 1:1. The gonad is located at the major curvature part of the spiral visceral mass. The outer epithelial layer of gonad is 10-40㎛ thick, and consists of simple columnar epithelial cells with mucous gland cells and osmophilic cells. Under the outer epithelial layer are fibromuscular capssules compacted by collagenous fibers and muscle fibers. Both ovarian and testicular lobuli originate from the fibromuscular capsules, and primordial germ cells are developed from the olbular epithelia. Undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue and eosinophilic granular cells function as nutritive cells in the formation and development of early stage germ cells. When the oocytes reach approximately 100㎛ in diameter, accumulation of yolk granules begins in the cortical layer and diffusion occurs toward nuclear envelope. Lipid granules, then, appear near nuclear envelope and diffuse toward cortical layer. The head of spermatozoa is approximately 6㎛ in length and its tail is about 50㎛. The conical acrosome at the distal part of the head is distinguished into two regions with different electron density. There is a clear space between the acrosome and nucleus, and double fibrous microtubular axial rods project to both forward and backward from the clear space. The axoneme of tail flagellum consists of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and one pair a the center, and five spherical mitochondria form paranucleus around the centrioles. The reproductive cycle could be divided into five successive annual stages: multiplication, growth, maturation, spent and recovery stages, but the gonad is active all the year round. Jeju Island's turban shell spawned from June to October, when the sea water temperature was normally above 20℃, and its peak spawning occurred from mid-July to mid-September.