洋·韓方 醫療人과 醫學系列學生의 倫理態度와 道德判斷指數 相關性 分析

梁承喜 慶山大學校 大學院 2000 국내박사

이 연구는 양·한방 의료인과 의학계열 학생들을 대상으로 윤리태도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 밝히는 데 목적을 두고 행해졌다. 측정도구는 한국어판 DIT였으며, 자료수집방법은 설문지를 이용하였다. 전국의 의사 및 한의사, 의과대학 및 한의과대학의 학생 1,100명을 대상으로 하였고, 831명의 응답을 얻었다. 회수율은 75.5%이었다. 자료처리는 SPSS전산처리 프로그램 8.0을 이용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, P(%)점수는 연령, 교육수준, 결혼상태에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다. 성별은 남·여간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 교육수준은 대학졸업자가 대학원졸업자보다 도덕판단지수가 더 높았다(t=2.009, p=.046). 결혼상태는 독신자가 기혼자보다 도덕판단지수가 더 높았으며(t=-3.625, p=.000), 종교적 태도는 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 둘째, 갈등상황별 행동선택 경향은 서로 다르게 나타났다. 셋째, 도덕상황과 행동선택의 관계는 단순한 직선관계를 가지는 것이 아니라, 각 갈등상황별로 서로 다르게 나타났다. 넷째, U 점수는 P(%) 점수와는 개념적으로나 실증적으로 구분되는 것임이 밝혀졌다(r=-.080). 다섯째, 인구통계적 특성에 따른 U점수의 차이는, 연령, 성별, 결혼상태, 종교적 태도에서는 유의한 차이가 보이지 않았으나, 교육수준에 따라서는 유의한 차이를 보여주었다(t=-2.475, p=.014). 여섯째, P(%) 점수, D 점수, U 점수 중 P(%) 점수와 U 점수가 윤리태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, P(%) 점수는 윤리관, 의료인관, 윤리의 실천에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. A study on the factors affecting ethical behavior of doctors and students of western and oriental medicine was conducted by using questionnaires. A total of 1,100 questionnaires were distributed for this study but 831 people responded. Most of the respondents 81.5% were males and 18.5% were females. The Defining Issues Test(DIT) was used to measure the factors. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS program. The results of the study are summarized as follows; 1. The criteria on ethical behavior were different by demographic characteristics. The values of P(%), an indicator of ethical criteria were different by age, education and marital status of the respondents. but the differences were not significant statistically. 2. Action choices on conflicting conditions by the respondents were different by age, education, and marital status of the respondents but the differences were not statistically significant. 3. The regression between ethical situation and action choice was not lineal and action choices on ethical situation were different. The respondents showed different action choices by items according to their preference on the situation given in the questionnaire. 4. The values of U, an indicator of ethical behaviors were not related to the values of P(%), an indicator of ethical criteria(r=-.080). 5. The values of U were different by education(t=-2.475, p=.014), but the difference by other demographic factors were not significant statistically. 6. The values of P(%) and U affected ethical attitude and the values of P(%) affected ethical views and actions of the subjects.

카자흐스탄 痲藥中毒患者에 대한 韓方治療의 臨床的 觀察 : A Clinical Observation of Oriental Medicine Treatment on the Narcotics in Kazakstan

金東鮮 慶山大學校 大學院 1999 국내석사

A clinical observation intended for 62 patients who attended the two hospitals(the state medical center, national academy hospital of sciences and the medical department of almaty city, diagnostic & consultation hospital No.5) on account of the narcotics addition for sixteen months, from May, 1997 to July, 1998 drew the following conclusion. 1. The number of opium addicts is largest in the spread of a disease attack and adolescents who are sensitive to temptation command an overwhelming majority. The students and the unemployed are more than the workers and the number of the man is larger than that of the womman. 2. The patients who feel anxiety and obsession are more that other types. The factors of disease attack account for the patients' social and economic environments. 3. The younger the patient is, the shorter the time of medicine reliance is and the longer the time of treatment is, the effects of treatment is remarkable. The treatment effect of cannabis and cocaine type is higher than that of amphetamine and opium type. 4. Oriental medicine treatment has relatively higher effects in phisical symtoms such as fatigue, insomnia, inappetence, hatred and vomiting than in mental symtoms. Judging from the above results, we could realize the truth that oriental medicine treatment has effects in relaxation of physical symtoms like withdrawal symtoms.

일부 여성의 모발염색 실태와 관련요인 분석

최귀자 경산대학교 보건대학원 2001 국내석사

This study was conducted to examine the aspects of dyeing hair and its related factors. Data were collected from 862 residents in Busan and Daegu from June 1, 2000 to August 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 38.1% of them was in twenties and 31.3% was in thirties. 21.1% was in forties and 9.5 % was in fifties: 54.1% of them was married: 37.0% was Buddhists, while 16.9% was Christians and 11.0% was Catholics: 70.7% lived in big cities: 72.9% was in the middle class. 2. 54.8% of the respondents had straight hair, while 43.9% of them had curly hair. In the case of color of face skin, 'white' was 27.3%. 'dark' was 9.6%. and 'brown' was 5.6%. According to characteristics of their hair, 38.1% of the respondents had dry hair, while 12.1% of them had oily hair. 49.8% had neutral hair. Those who had black hair covered 56.2% and those who had brown hair covered 32.9%. 3. 83.6% of the respondents experienced dyeing hair, while 16.4% of them did not experience it. 33.7% of them did not agree to dye hair because they liked their original hair and 31.9% did not agree to do it because they do not like to dye their hair. 19.9% did not agree to dye hair because they thought it was not good looking and 8.4% did not agree to do it because they worried about hurting eyes from dyeing hair. According to the reasons of dyeing hair, 33.7% wanted to make them pretty and 28.3% dyed hair because of new mental condition. 4.5% of them dyed hair in order to follow the fashion and 1.7% dyed it in order to get rid of stress. 62.0% of the respondents wanted to dye hair in the future. while 9.7% of them did not want to dye it. 28.3% answered that they would decide it according to situations. 4. In the case of favorite hair colors, brown was 57.2% and blonde color was 10.8%. The other colors were chosen in order of black(8.9%), wine color(7.1%), mixed color(5.7%), red(1.7%). violet(1.7%), and green(1.0%). Those who were above fifty years old favored black and brown, while those who were in twenties favored various colors such as blonde color, yellow. mixed color. etc. 44.4% of the respondents dyed hair once per three months and 40.5% of them did it once per two months. 13.1% dyed hair once a month and 2.0% did it once per two weeks. According to the seasons in which they usually dyed hair, 54.6% of them dyed it in all seasons. Summer was 19.6% and fall was 12.3%. Spring was 11.2% and winter was 2.3%. 5. According to the periods of changing the color of hair. 'once a year' was 36.4% and 'once per six months' was 30.8%. 'Once per three months' was 25.9% and 'every time' was 6.9%. When they dyed hair. 71.2% dyed the whole hair. while 21.2% dyed hair partially. 7.6% of the respondents alternately dyed hair. Those who were young or met many people in their jobs had short period to change the color of hair. 6. According to the opinions of harm of hairdye to physical health or hair, only 3.4% thought that it was not harmful at all, while most respondents thought that it was harmful: 'very harmful(16.6%), a little harmful(54.4%), 'harmful to hair only (25.6%). 7. 39.1% of the respondents did not almost take care of hair after dyeing hair. while 15.7% of them massaged hair. 33.6% replied that they chose shampoo according to hair conditions and 11.6% used exclusive shampoo for dyeing hair. 55.0% of the respondents valued necessity of hair treatment. while 13.9% of them did not value it. 77.7% thought that dyeing hair influenced color tone make-up. 22.3% thought that dyeing hair did not influence it. 8. 77.8% of the respondents answered that they would not interfere in dyeing hair of their children and the other family members. 11.8% replied that they would object to dyeing hair of them. while 10.4% was for it completely. 9. The variables which affected dyeing hair education level, economic status, characteristics of hair, and opinions of dyeing hair of children or the other family members. Hair dyeing showed significant difference in the variables. Dyeing hair is an important factor of women's hair beauty. In fact, most women have been dyeing hair because it is directly connected with beauty. However, the proportion of those who do not have correct knowledge is high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop education program of dyeing hair. Related professionals and organizations must make efforts to create women's beauty through dyeing hair. 2000년 6월 1일부터 8월 31일까지 대구·부산지역 20세 이상 여성 862명을 대상으로 모발염색의 실태와 관련요인을 파악하고자 조사를 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 조사대상자의 모발 형태는 직모 54.8%. 곱슬머리 43.9%였고 얼굴 피부색을 보통 57.5%, 흰색인 편 27.3%, 검은 편 9.6%, 갈색인 편 5.6%였으며 모발성질은 중성 49.8%, 건성 38.1%, 지성 12.1%였다. 모발 색상은 흑색인 편 56.2%, 갈색인편이 32.9%였다. 2) 모발염색 경험은 있다 83.6%, 없다 16.4%였으며 모발염색을 동의하지 않은 이유는 본 머리가 좋아서 33.7%, 그냥 하기 싫어서 31.9%, 보기가 좋지 않아서 19.9%, 눈이 나빠질까 봐 8.4%였다. 모발염색 이유는 예쁘게 보이려고 33.7%, 새로운 마음변화 28.3%, 유행을 따르고자 4.5%, 스트레스해소 1.7%였다. 앞으로 모발염색을 하겠다 62.0%, 상황에 따라 결정이 28.3%, 하지 않겠다는 9.7%였다. 3) 좋아하는 모발색깔은 갈색 57.2%, 황금색 10.8%, 검은색 8.9%, 포도주 색 7.1%, 혼합 5.7%, 빨간색과 보라색이 각각 1.7%와 초록색 1.0%였다. 검은색과 갈색은 50대 이상에서, 황금색, 노란색, 혼합색 등 다양한 모발염색 색깔은 20대에서 많이 선호하였다. 염색 횟수는 3개월에 1회 44.4%, 2개월에 1회 40.5%, 1개월에 1회 13.1%, 2주 1회 2.0%였으며 염색을 주로 하는 계절은 사계절 모두 54.6%였고 여름 19.6%, 가을 12.3%, 봄 11.2%, 겨울 2.3%였다. 4) 모발염색약이 신체건강이나 모발에 미치는 해에 대한 의견은 약간 해롭다 54.4%, 아주 해롭다 16.6%, 모발에는 해로우나 신체에는 이상이 없다 25.6%, 전혀 해가 없다가 3.4%로 대부분의 조사 대상자는 해롭다고 인식하고 있었다. 5) 염색 후 모발손질에서 거의 하지 않는다 39.1%, 모발상태에 따라 샴푸를 선택한다 33.6%, 헤어맛사지를 한다 15.7%, 염색전용샴푸를 사용한다 11.6%였다. 모발손질 필요성에 대한 태도에서 필요하다는 의견이 55.0%, 필요 없다는 13.9%였고 모발염색이 다른 색조화장을 하는데 영향을 미친다 77.7%였고 관계없다는 응답률은 22.3%였다. 6) 모발염색에 영향을 미치는 요인은 교육정도, 경제상태, 모발의 형태 그리고 자녀나 가족의 염색에 대한 견해 변수가 유의하게 영향을 미쳤다. 여성들의 모발미용에 있어서 모발염색은 중요하며 실제로 미와 직결되어 대부분의 여성들이 모발염색을 하고 있다. 그러나 올바른 지식을 갖고 있지 못한 응답자의 비율이 높아 앞으로 이에 대한 교육프로그램의 개발이 절실히 요구된다고 하겠다. 그러므로 적절한 모발염색을 통한 여성미의 창조에 관련 학계와 단체 그리고 전문인력이 공동으로 노력해야 할 것이다.

二陳湯 및 加味二陳湯이 흰쥐의 胃腸管機能에 미치는 影響에 對한 硏究

玉明正 慶山大學校 大學院 2001 국내박사

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Yijintang and Gami-Yijintang on the gastrointestinal functions of the rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were used for experimental animals, each animal was administrated Yijintang(Sample Ⅰ group, 47.5 mg/ml) and Gami-Yijintang(Sample Ⅱ group, 38.37 mg/ml, Sample Ⅲ group, 85.3 mg/ml) water extract once a day. The changes of the gastric juice volume and the intestinal mobility index were measured. And It was observed the effects on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in the rats. The following results were obtained ; 1. The gastric juice volume was decreased significantly in the sample Ⅰ group (P<0.05) compared to the control group. But there was not siginificant effect in the sample Ⅱ and sample Ⅲ groups. 2. The moving distance of carbon bolus was increased siginificantly in the sample Ⅱ (P<0.05) and sample Ⅲ (P<0.05) groups compared to the control group. But there was not siginificant effect in the sample Ⅰ group. 3. The intestinal mobility index was increased significantly only in the sample Ⅲ group (P<0.05) compared to the control group. 4. The feces consistency was increased significantly on the 3rd and 5th day of the sample Ⅰ group (P<0.05), on 3rd, 4th, and 5th day of the sample Ⅱ (P<0.05) and the sample Ⅲ (P<0.05) groups compared to the control group. 5. The feces property index was increased significantly only on the 5th day of the sample Ⅲ group (P<0.05) compared to the control group. 6. The number of WBC and RBC, levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit were not changed in all sample groups compared to the control group. 7. The number of the type B Goblet cells were increased significantly in the sample Ⅱ (P<0.05) and the sample Ⅲ (P<0.05) groups, the number of the type C Goblet cells were decreased significantly only in the sample Ⅲ group (P<0.05) compared to the control group. 二陳湯의 痰飮 및 濕痰을 치료하는 효능을 胃腸管機能과 연관하여 실험적으로 관찰하기 위하여 二陳湯 및 그 加味方이 흰쥐의 胃液分泌 및 腸管運動에 대한 작용 및 dextran sulfate sodium로 유발된 흰쥐의 腸炎 상태에서 大便의 性狀 및 杯狀세포의 변화에 對한 作用을 조직학적으로 觀察하였다. 二陳湯은 대조군에 비하여 胃液分泌量의 유의한 감소를 나타내었으나, 腸管運動의 촉진효과는 우수하지 못하였으며, DSS의 투여로 유발된 腸炎 흰쥐의 배변硬度의 증가 효과가 일부 인정되었으나, 杯狀세포에서의 粘液分泌를 유의하게 감소시키지는 못하였다. 加味二陳湯들은 대조군에 비하여 胃液分泌量을 유의하게 감소시키지는 못하였으나 腸管運動을 유의하게 촉진시키는 효과가 있으며, DSS의 투여로 유발된 腸炎 흰쥐의 大便硬度 및 性狀의 개선효과가 뚜렷하고, 腸炎에 의하여 촉진된 杯狀세포에서의 粘液質 分泌 또한 유의하게 억제하는 효과가 관찰되었다. 그러므로 二陳湯에 比하여 加味二陳湯들이 腸粘液의 分泌를 유의하게 감소시켜 조직학적으로 抗瀉下作用 및 腸上皮細胞 保護作用이 더 우수한 것으로 관찰되었다.

補中益氣湯과 六味地黃湯이 노환촉진생쥐(SAM)의 간장내 항산화작용에 미치는 영향

박성민 慶山大學校 大學院 2001 국내박사

최근에는 노화와 노화 관련 질환의 설명으로 自由遊離基說이 주목받고 있다. 산소에서 유래된 free radical 반응에 의한 지질의 과산화가 세포독성을 유발하여 질병과 노화를 초래하며, 생체에는 free radical 반응을 방어하는 항산화작용이 존재하여 지질과산화가 억제된다. 老化는 한의학에서 先天不足과 後天失調로 설명되어 대표적인 治方이 六味地黃湯과 補中益氣湯이며, 본 연구에서 補中益氣湯과 六味地黃湯을 4주령, 12주령, 24주령 및 40주령의 노화촉진생쥐(SAM) P-1과 R-1에 각각 투여한 다음 간조직을 척출하여 fluorescent age pigment(FAP), conjugated dienes(CD), glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, protein bound-SH, nonprotein bound-SH, SOD 및 catalase 등의 변화를 관찰하였다. 補中益氣湯과 六味地黃湯은 노화촉진생쥐의 간장내 FAP는 변화시키지 않았으나, 24주령과 40주령에서 지질과산화의 생성을 감소시켰으며, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, protein bound-SH, nonprotein bound-SH, SOD, catalase 등의 활성은 높은 주령에서 유의성있게 증가하였다. 이는 補中益氣湯과 六味地黃湯의 투여가 노화와 관련된 간장내 free radical의 산화작용으로 부터 간을 보호하는 효능이 있는 것으로 생각된다. The free radical is a well-known and recent theory of aging. In this theory the oxygen radicals injury and lipid peroxidation are major causes of the disease and aging process. Bojungikgi-tang and Yukmijiwhang-tang, the prescriptions of oriental medicine, consist of some medicinal herbs. These are generally used for the treatment of aging-related diseases in old man. The effects of Bojungikgi-tang and Yukmijiwhang-tang were supposed to posses antioxidative activity in the present study. To examine the experimental effects of Bojungikgi-tang and Yukmijiwhang-tang in aging, FAP, CD and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in liver were measured on SAM P-1 and R-1 in 4, 12, 24 and 40 weeks of age. The results have shown that Bojungikgi-tang and Yukmijiwhang-tang did not change FAP intensity but reduced CD intensity in 40 weeks of age, and increased significantly the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase of SAM P-1 in old weeks of age. This study means that Bojungikgi-tang and Yukmijiwhang-tang play a significant role in the antioxidative reaction and protecting of lipid peroxidation associated with aging.

農村地域 漢方醫療利用者의 疾病樣相

金榮俊 慶山大學 保健大學院 1991 국내석사

Grasp an aspect of a disease about for the using place of chinese medicine of an agricultual district, and contribut for the chinese medicine health medical policy of government,investigation with a chinese medical centers thats located in Gum uoop Myeor area of Kyeong Sang Narth province,Jeon Ra Narth province,and Kang Won province from October 4,to 24th, 1990,the summary of the result as following this; 1. The distinction of sex distribution of using area of chinese medicine of an agricultural district's people is woman is 77.8% that's over the 2-third of the total,and classified by ages is fifties (50-59)is most higher with 31,4% and sixties is 28.4% 2. A ratio of chinese medicine using is much more higher 70.1% with married person than unmarried person and single person,and classified by job is most higher of house wifes with 43.4% and an agricultural job is 33.8% 3. An accadmic career is lower school career is 73.3%,a person without any school education is 41.3% and a person with primary school is 32.0%,and in the type of guarantee medicine a person who have examined and recive treatment of the occupation,office medical insurance is 46.4% and a person who have examined and recive treatment of local medical insurance is 33.5% 4. At the result of a classified with 17 for a disease of the person who have examined and recive treatment to chinese medical service,take a look for order of 5 great disease,sinews and bones system and connective tissue disease is most higher with 77.8% and the next an alimentary canal disease is 7.8%,the circulatory system (4.2%),a nervous system and a sense orgen system (2.7%),an accident damage and toxication (2.1%)that was in the order of percentage,and the properties of infection and a parasite disease,a neoplasm,internal secretion (incretion-),nutrition trachea disease and immunity lesion,blood and hematogenous tissues disease,a complication of pregnancy and childbed,skin and a hypodermic system disease,and a congenital disease et cetera and thise are 7 parts disease not has been use for chinese medicine. 5. Study for order with classified by man and woman,mas is related disease type to sinews and bones system and comective tissue disease, circulatory system disease,a nervous system canal disease,and woman is sinews and bones systern and connective tissue disease,an alimentary canal disease,an accident damage and toxieation and a respiratory disease. 6. With classified by ages and disease,sinews and bones system and connective tissue disease is tweenties with 50.0% forties with 69.8%,sixties with 81.1%,seventies with 90.5%,that is with by higher in proportion to the ages. The next of sinews and bones system and connective tissue disease,teenages is an alimentary canal disease with 33.3%,tweenties is an accident damage and toxication with 25.0%,thirties is the condition of a disease and symptoms is uncertain disease dondition with 9.7%,forties is an alimentary canal disease with 14.0%,fifties and seventies is circulatory system disease with 5.7% and 4.8% each,and sixties and eighties is an alimentary canal disease with 9.5% and 33.3% each,that thise fluent is deffer 1% level (P<0.001) 7. Classified by the condition of married,sinews and bones system and connective system disease is even got married person but an single person case is higher with 89.5%,married a spouse is 75.2% and unmarried person is 59.5%. Secondly higher disease is an alimentary canal disease,unmarried person is 21.4%,married a spouse is 7.7%,single person is 5.8%. Third order is circulatory system disease,unmarried person is 7.1%,married a spouse is 5.1%,single person is 2.3%. 8. Classified by accademic career,sinew and bones system and connective system disease is illiteracy person is 74.8%,middle school is illiteracy person is 89.1%,a person with primary school is 74.8%,middle school is 64.7%,and college school career is 54.6% thats much with lower school career,and a nervous system and a sense orgen system and the urinary organs system disease is middle school career is 17.6%,high school career and college career is 9.2%,and primary school career (person) is 7.5%. With classified by ages and disease fluent is deffer 1% level. 9. With classified by occupation,worlcer and farm and house wife that they are more high 80% of connective system disease than ot he occupation,an alimentary canal disease is service worker and public service is comparative higher with 33.3% and 18.2% each than others,and with 50.0% of circulatory system disease same ratio of 50% with sinews and bones system and connective system disease. 10. The person who have examined and recive treatment of the occupation,office medical insurance and the person who have examined and recive treatment of medical insurance second type,a circulatory system disease is shown more higher than an others who have examined and recive treatment of medical insurance. 11. The reson of vist to chinese medical center is 83.4% is the people feel like get well,10.3% is cheap, and 3.4% is kindness, that was deffered 1% level (P<0.01)

麥芽가 白鼠의 乳집分泌에 미치는 影響

문우상 경산대학교 대학원 1994 국내석사

香砂六君子湯 및 香砂六君子湯加鷄內金 牡蠣粉이 白鼠의 胃損傷에 미치는 影響

韓賢熙 慶山大學校 大學院 1997 국내석사

This study was done to investigate the effects of Hyangsayukgunjatang and Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun on gastric ulcer in rats. In the 1st experiment, the rats were ulcerated by the method of Shay's pylorus-ligated. Subjects were administered 2 kinds of medicine, Hyangsayukgunjatang and Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun, which were taken orally. The levels of gastric juice, total acidity of gastric juice, HCl levels and serum gastrin content were measured and tissues of gastric mucosa epithelium were observed. 1. The levels of gastric juice showed significant decrease in Both Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated and Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun-treated groups, and Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated group showed more significant decrease in comparison with the Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga -kyenegum, moryobun-treated group. 2. The levels of total acidity of gastric juice showed significant decrease in Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated group. 3. The levels of HCl showed significant decrease in Both Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated and Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun-treated groups, and Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated group showed more significant decrease in comparison with Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga -kyenegum, moryobun-treated group. 4. The levels of serum gastrin showed significant decrease in Both Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated and Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun-treated groups, and Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated group showed more significant decrease in comparison with Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun-treated group. 5. The levels of ulcer occurrence & parietal cell numbers and chief cell numbers showed signifiant decrease in Both Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated and Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun-treated groups, and Hyangsayukgunjatang-treated group showed more significant decrease in comparison with Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun-treated group. From above the experiment results it can be concluded that Hyangsayukgunjatang will be more clinical effective on curing gastric ulcer induced by method of Shay's pylorus-ligated rather than that of Hyangsayukgunjatang-ga-kyenegum, moryobun.

中年後期 女性의 閉經管理 및 삶의 質에 미치는 影響要因 : The Influential Factors to Management of Menopause and Quality of Life in Late- Middle Aged Women

車卿美 慶山大學校 大學院 2000 국내박사

Recently, our society in terms of human life span has been moved on to "Aging society" rapidly as the development of medical and welfare environments. Now it bring a very important social problem as well as much bigger interest. Especially, women has long term of the average life span. The "Healthy aging women" is responsibility of all public health providers. According is, this study is to identify influencing factors to management of menopause and quality of life and also to develope the developing education program of HRT(hormone replacement therapy) for healthy aging women. The hypothetical model explaining health promoting behavior and quality of life was constructed on the basis of Pender's health promotion model, Nho's quality of life model. The empirical data for testing the hypothetical model consisted of 356 late-middle aged(45~64) women who visited from 5th september to 20th september, 1999, in Pohang city. The reliabilities of instruments were adequate(Cronbach's alpha=0.7941, -0.9098). SPSS PC^(+) program were utilized for descriptive statistics and covariance structure analysis. The summary of research results was as follows: 1) The influential factors to management of menopause showed: .The directed factors were the influences of family(β=.29), economical status(β=-.12), experienced symptoms of menopause(β=.24), multidimensional health locus of control(β=.15), subjective health status of compared with to another person(β=-.18). .The indirected factors were the influences of family(β=.04), age(β=.05), experience of HRT's information(β=.02), belonging to occupation(β=-.03), stop of menstruation(β=-.02). 2) The influential factors to quality of life showed: .The directed factors were the influences of family(β=.39), self efficiency(β=.15), subjective health status(β=-.31). .The indirected factors were the influences of family(β=.37), age(β=-.97), belonging to occupation(β=.01), educational status(β=.21), a monthly income(β=.26). In conclusion, the purpose for "Healthy aging" in late-middle aged women is increasing of the quality of life after menopause. All the health providers have to efforts and harder study for developing health maintenances and health aging in late-middle aged women. Consequently, we need many kinds of public health education programs. And farther more, the developing HRT's educational program is very important in late middle-aged women's healthy aging. 사람들은 누구나 건강하게 오래 살기를 원한다. 현재 21세기를 앞두고 의학과 산업의 발달로 우리는 평균수명 80세를 바라보는 시대에 살고 있다(2020년 평균수명 81.7세로 추정). 현재와 같은 지속적인 노인인구의 증가로 우리사회는 노령화 사회로 접어들고 있으며, 특히 여성의 경우에는 폐경 후 30여 년의 여생이 남아있다는 것이 보편적인 인식으로 받아들여지고 있다. 우리는 이 기간동안 어떤 질병없이 건강하게 살아가는 것이 중요하다. 이에 본 연구는 중년후기 여성에게 에스트로젠 대체요법을 알게 하고, 많은 중년후기 여성들이 육체적, 정신적 건강을 되찾고 젊음을 유지하여, 좀더 건강한 사회생활을 하게 하며, 건강한 노화를 영위하도록 하는데 본 연구의 필요성이 있으며, 이 요법의 실천에 미치는 영향요인을 알아내고, 이미 발표된 Pender의 건강증진의 모형을 인용하여 중년후기 여성의 건강관리의 모형을 구축하고, 검증하고자 하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구자는 중년후기 여성의 폐경관련 특성을 고려하여 이 모형의 변수를 ① 인지·지각 요인에서는 자기효능감, 건강통제위, 폐경증상(지각된 장애성), HRT에 대한 효능기대(지각된 유익성), 자기건강상태(지각된 건강상태)로 ② 조정요인은 인구사회학적 특성(교육정도, 경제상태, 월수입, 연령, 출신 성장지, 결혼상태, 가족수, 본인직업의 유무, 배우자의 직업유무, 종교의 유무), 가족기능(대인관계영향), 폐경현상(상황적 요인), HRT 정보의 경험 유무(행동적 요인)의 변수를 채택하였다. ③ 건강증진행위 수행은 폐경관리로 변수를 선택했으며, 폐경관리 수행의 행동의 계기로 HRT의 보건교육 프로그램을 개발하는 것으로 본 연구의 가설적 모형의 개념틀을 마련했다. 그리고 폐경관리를 잘할수록 삶의 질이 높을 것으로 예측하여 삶의 질의 변수를 함께 분석하였다.〈그림 2〉 가설적 모형을 검증하기 위하여, 1999년 9월 5일부터 20일까지 경상북도 P시에서 본 연구자가 비 확율적 표집방법을 이용하여 임의 선정한 45세 이상의 중년후기 여성 356명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 본 연구의 자료분석은 SPSS PC를 이용했다. 대상자들의 일반적 특성은 빈도, 백분율로 분석하고 각 변수들간의 유의성 검증은 T-test x^(2)-test, ANOVA, Correalation 등을 통하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 폐경관리를 설명하는 모형에서는 가족기능(β=.3438), 폐경증상(β=.2663), 타인 비교 건강상태(β=-.2231), HRT 정보경험여부(β=-.1631), 건강통제위 점수(β=.1766), 초경 연령(β=.1440), 폐경여부(β=-.1096) 등의 변수에서 유의했으며 이들 변수들이 폐경관리를 설명하는 정도는 모든 변수의 32.31%이었다. 특히 가족기능의 변수와 건강통제위 변수를 세분화하여 분석한 결과에서는 남편과의 우호관계(β=.2994), 우연성향(β=.1842)에서 폐경관리를 잘 설명해주는 것으로 나타났다. 삶의 질을 설명하는 모형에서는 가족기능(β=.5125), 자기건강상태(β=.-4087), 폐경증상(β=-.2569), 자기효능감(β=.1416) 등의 변수가 삶의 질을 설명하는 정도는 모든 변수의 50.72% 이었다. 폐경관리를 변수로 포함한 분석에서는 설명정도가 51.42%로 포함하지 않은 분석에 비해 약간 상승함을 보였다. 각 변수들의 폐경관리를 설명하는 경로분석에서는 가족기능은 직접(β=.29), 간접(β=.04)적으로 폐경관리에 β=.33의 인과적인 총 효과를 보였으며, 직접적 효과로는 경제상태(β=-.12), 폐경증상(β=.24), 건강통제위(β=.15), 타인비교 건강상태(β=-.18) 등의 변수가 유의한 인과적인 효과를 보였다. 간접적인 효과는 연령(β=.05), HRT 정보의 경험 여부(β=.02), 본인 직업의 유무(β=-.03), 폐경여부(β=-.02)둥의 변수가 간접적인 효과를 보였다. 각 변수들의 삶의 질을 설명하는 경로분석에서는 가족기능이 직접(β=.39), 간접(β=.37)적으로 β=.76의 인과적인 총 효과를 보였으며, 직접적인 효과에서는 폐경증상(β=-.27), 자기 효능감(β=.15), 자기건강상태(β=-.31) 등의 변수가 유의한 인과적인 효과를 보였다. 간접적인 효과에서는 연령(β=-.97), 본인직업의 유무(β=.01), 교육정도(β=.21), 월수입(β=.26) 등의 변수가 유의한 인과적인 효과를 보였다. 중년후기 여성의 '건강한 노화'를 위한 일은 폐경 후 삶의 질(quality of life)을 향상시키는 것이 궁극적인 목표이며, 에스트로젠 대체요법은 이를 위한 하나의 좋은 수단이다. 이를 위해 보건의료 전문인들은 중년후기 여성에서 나타나는 건강 문제점에 대한 관심과 이해, 도움을 주고자 노력하여야 할 것이다. 이에 에스트로젠 대체요법을 권장하고 시행하며 이를 교육하여야 함은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 신체적인 면에서 뿐만아니라 정신적, 사회적인 면을 포함한 시각으로 폐경기 여성을 파악하고 이해하여야 할 것이다. 또한 이를 효과적으로 교육하기 위한 폐경기 여성의 건강증진행위의 모형을 개발하고 이 모형을 이용한 건강증진을 위한 보건교육프로그램이 마련될 수 있도록 건강전문가 모두는 연구 노력하여야 한다.

韭子가 卵巢摘出로 誘發된 白鼠의 骨多孔症에 미치는 影響

崔峻榮 慶山大學校 大學院 1998 국내석사

This study was perfomed to investigate the effects of Allii Tuberosi Semen(?子) in ovariectomized osteoporosis. The experimental ovariectomized osteoporosis model was induced by ovariectomy of rats. In these rats, one group was treated with liquid extract of Allii Tuberosi Semen, which was administrated orally 1 time per day for 4weeks(OVX-ATS). The other group was treated with normal saline, which was administrated orally 1 time per day for 4 weeks(OVX). And these rats were treated with liquid extract of Allii Tuberosi Semen, which were administrated orally 1 time per day for 4 weeks. Then osteocalcin, estradiol, 1, 25-Vitamin D, ALP, phosphorus, calcium in serum and phosphorus, calcium in urine and femur ash weight were measured, so the differences between them could be obtained. The results can be summarized as follows. 1. In the level of serum osteocalcin, the result of OVX was 0.33±0.03ng/㎖, but the result of OVX-ATS was 0.28±0.006ng/㎖. And the result of OVX-ATS showed a decrease in comparison with OVX, but there was no statistical significance. 2. In the level of serum estradiol, the result of OVX was 12.46±1.48pg/㎖, but the result of OVX-ATS was 10.93±0.70pg/㎖. And the result of OVX-ATS showed a decrease in comparison with OVX, but there was no statistical significance. 3. In the level of serum 1,25-Vitamin D, the result of OVX was 38.35±7.85pg/㎖, but the result of OVX-ATS group was 43,45±5.78pg/㎖. And the result of OVX-ATS showed an increase in comparison with OVX, but there was no statistical significance. 4. In the activity of serum ALP, the result of OVX was 14.40±1.41K-A Unit, but the result of OVX-ATS was 10.94±0.44K-A Unit. And the result of OVX-ATS showed significant a decrease in comparison with OVX, therefore there was statistical significance. 5. In the level of serum phosphorus, the result of OVX was 6.81±0.31mg/㎗, but the result of OVX-ATS was 5.44±0.11g/㎗. And the result of OVX-ATS showed a decrease in comparison with OVX, therefore there was statistical significance. 6. In the level of serum calcium, the result of OVX was 11.50±0.20mg/㎗, but the result of OVX-ATS was 12.64±0.12mg/㎗. And the result of OVX-ATS showed significant an increase in comparison with OVX, therefore there was statistical significance. 7. In the level of urine calcium, the result of OVX was 2.03±0.37mg/day, but the result of OVX-ATS was 0.87±0.15mg/day. And the result of OVX-ATS showed a decrease in comparison with OVX, therefore there was statistical significance. 8. In the level of urine phosphorus, the result of OVX was 7.42±0.58mg/day, but the result of OVX-ATS was 6.78±0.41mg/day. And the result of OVX-ATS showed a decrease in comparison with OVX, but there was no statistical significance. 9. In the level of urine DPD, the result of OVX was 359.46±43.07nM, but the result of OVX-ATS was 299.32±36.69nM. And the result of OVX-ATS showed a decrease in comparison with OVX, but there was no statistical significance. According to above mentioned results, Allii Tuberosi Semen has shown to be capable of preventing and curing osteoporosis caused by old-aged and postmenopause.