日本型×印度型水稻品種統一의 出穗에 미치는 氣象 影響 解析

文昌植 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

This experiment was carried out to study the effects of air temperature and sunshine hours on the heading dates and leaf emergence of rice varieties with different ecological types. A positive correlation between the days from sowing to heading and the sum of average temperature from sowing to heading date was observed, however a negative correlation between the days from sowing to heading and the temperature of any given period was indicated. The negative correlation of Tongil variety(a Japonica type × an Indica type) was larger than that of Palkweng(a Japonica). Minimum temperature effected more than other factors on the heading of Tongil. While the heading of Palkweng variety was more effected by sunshine hours. Summary This study was carried out to find out the effect of air temperatuer sunshine hours on the heading and leaf emergence between Tongil variety, crossed Japonica type with Indica type and Palkweng variety, Japonica type, during six years from 1971 until 1976. The results obtained from the above experiments are able to summarized as follows: 1. Concerning the variability of days from sowing date to heading date under the different years, the variability of Tongil variety was larger than that of Palkweng variety. It is assumed that Tongil variety is more sensitive to the meterological factors than Palkweng variety. 2. A highly positive correlation was found to be between the sum of average temperature from sowing to heading date and days from sowing to heading date. On Palkweng variety there were especially high correlation between the sum of average temperature during ten days from 80th to 90th day after sowing and the days from sowing to heading date. The following each theoritical equation was obtained : Y = 156.0-0.152X Y : Days from sowing to heading date. X : Sum of average temperature during 10 days from 80th to 90th day after sowing date. Y = 138.2-0.050X Y : Days from sowing to heading date. X : Sunshine hours during 70 days from 1st to 70th day after sowing. 3. A negative correlation was found to be among the days from sowing to heading date, sunshine hours with the each growth stage, and air temperature. Tongil variety seems to be effected by the minimum temperature on the heading, however Palkweng variety seems to be effected by the sunshine hours on the heading. 4. The relation between the number of leaves on main stem and days from sowing and heading date was the positive correlation.

대추의 受精現象에 關한 硏究

李萬相,李重浩,趙忠雄 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

Present experiment was performed in order to investigate the elongation of pollen tube and the phenomenon of fertilization on Zizyphus jujuba MILLER grownin Korea, and the results of which were summarized as follows. 1. Pollen tubes germinate and penetrate into the stigma at 18hours after pollination and they reach embryo sacs through microphyll about 5days after pollination. 2. Primary endosperm nuclei are fertilized about 8 days after pollination and egg cells are fertilized about 10 days after pollination. 3. Pro-endosperm nuclei divide about 10 days after pollination and the first division of fertilized egg cells take place about 15 days after pollination. 4. The embryo sacs which have normal egg apparatus are more than 50%, normal fertilized embryo sacs are about 20%, and per centage of abnormal fertilization is about 10%. 5. Normal seeds are formed about 110-120 days after pollination.

栽培時期移動이 密陽23號의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

羅鍾城 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

벼의 新品種 密陽23號에 關하여 地帶別 安全栽培體系를 確立하고져 播種期와 苗垈日數를 各各 달리해서 平野地帶인 裡里와 山間地帶에 屬하는 鎭安試驗地에서 實驗한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 播種期와 苗垈日數를 달리한 苗의 素質에 있어서는 播種期와 苗垈日數가 延長될수록 草長과 葉數는 增加되였다. 苗素質의 良否를 決定하는 地上部 乾物重/草長은 4月 10日播種의 40日∼50日苗가 높아서 早播 早植의 效果가 認定되었으며 그 程度는 山間地帶에서 더욱 顯著하였다. 2. 栽培時期移動으로본 基本營養生長性은 커서 營養生長期間이 4月10日 早期播種한 40日苗에 있어서는 53日間이었고 4月20日 適期播種의 40日苗는 8日間이 短縮되였으며 晩播栽培 4月20日의 40日苗는 무려 13日間이나 營養生長期間이 短縮되였고, 그程度는 苗垈日數가 延長될수록 短縮되였다. 3. 出穗期의 反應은 播種期와 苗垈日數에 따른 差異가 있으나 그程度는 播種期에 의한 出穗遲延보다도 苗垈日數의 延長에 따른 出穗遲延이 보다 顯著하므로 이品種에 關한 地帶別 適正栽培限界期는 平野地帶인 裡里의 境遇 移秧期는 6月10日까지이며 4月10日播種 일때에는 40日∼60日苗이고 4月20日播種에 있어서는 40日∼50日苗이다. 鎭安과 같이 山間地帶에서는 適正移秧限界期가 5月30日以內이며 40日苗가 가장 적합하였다. 4. 苗垈日數와 移秧期는 遲延될수록 株當數穗는 減少하는 反面에 株當穎花數는 增加되는 傾向이다. 登熟比率은 낮아지며 特히 山間地帶에서 더욱 低調한 편이다. 5. 光合成能力에 의한 莖葉內의 同化物質의 蓄積과 炭水化物 關係는 移秧期와 苗垈日數가 延長될수록 낮고 同化物質의 蓄積이 많을수록 炭水化物의 分配量이 많었다. 6. 收量性은 平野地帶인 裡里에서 普通 4月20日播種 50日苗의 收量 (585㎏/10a)에 比해서 栽培時期에 의한 ① 4月10日播種區의 40日苗>② 4月10日播種 50日苗 ③ 4月20日播種區의 40日苗> ④ 4月10日播種 60日苗 等이고 鎭安과 같은 山間地帶일수록 收量性은 낮으나 그幅은 매우 좁아서 早播早植의 效果가 顯著하였다. The experiment was carried out to find out effcctive heading date and period of limited ripening in different regions of climatic conditions by sowing date and length of nursery stage of a new variety Milyang 23. Since the varieties of Tongil line have a character of premature heading, these did not show the symptom of senescence even though the length of nursery stage was delayed. And the rethrdness of heading date was due to late transplanting and increasing nursery auratiom duration. Summary To establish a standard cultivating system in Iri which belongs to coastal plain and in Jinan which belongs to middle alpine region for the new rice variety, Milyang 23, a experiment was carried out with several different sowing times and nursery duration. 1. The length ofstems and the number of leaves for the seedling in different sowing date and nursery duration were intcreased by extending the nursery duraion. The dry weight/stem length, of the aerial part which effects on the relative quaility of seedling was conformed at the result of the early sowing and transplanting time because the 40~50 days old seeding sowed on 10, April showed a tendency to increase the percentage of, dry weigdt/stem lenght. 2. The variation of vegitative growth by changing cultivating time was wide. Thus, the vegitative growing period was 53 days in the 40 days old seeding sowed early on 10, April, but it was reduced for 8 days for the 40 days seeding sowed timely on 30, April, and also it was reduced for 13 days in the same aged seedlings sowed late on 30, April. These tendency showed to be reduced by increasing the nursery duration. 3. Although the reaction to heading date dapend upon to increase the nursery duration rather than due to late sowing date, the optimum limiting transplanting date of this variety in Iri was 10, June. Iin case of sowing on 10, April, the optimum age of seeding was 40~60 days and 40~50 days for seedliag sowed on 20, April. In the middle alpine region like Jinan, the optimum limiting transplanting date was before 30, April and 40 days old seedlings were adaptable. 4. Number of panicles per a hill were reduced by retarding the nursary duration and the transplan lanting time. Nevertheless, the number of grain per a hill showed a tendency to be iacreased, but the percentage of filled grains were reduced, particulary in the middle alpine area. 5. The accumulation of carbohydrate in leaves and stems by photosynthesis was decreased by delaying transplanting time and nursery duration. 6. The better productive cultivating time which produced higher yield than 50 days seedling which the normal sowing date is 20, April in Iri (585㎏/10a) was 40 days seeding sowed on 10, April>50 days seedling sowed on 10, April=40 days seedlings sowed on 20, April>60 days seedling sowed on 10, April. Whereas, the productivity was low by cultivating at middle alpine area like Jinan, but the variation of it was very small. Therefore, the effect of early sowing and transplanting was significant.

窒素質肥料의 深層施肥가 水稻 統一系品種의 收量形質에 미치는 影響

權泰午 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

水稻의 日本型 品種에 比하여 生理生態型이 다른 日本型×印度型交雜品種의 窒素反應을 究明코자 維新을 供試 5月 5日에 播種, 6月 27日에 移秧하고 全層 및 深層施肥와 이에 各各 施肥量을 달리하여 地上部 生育 및 收量構成形質에 미치는 影響을 檢討한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 土壤中 NH_4-N는 標準區에 比하여 10㎝ 層位에서는 全層施肥區만이 높았으나 20㎝ 層位에서는 全層 또는 深層 施肥區 모두 顯著히 높았다. 2. 移秧 20日後의 分?數는 標準區에 比하여 全層 또는 深層肥區가 적었으나 以後는 현저히 높았으며 그 정도는 全量基肥區가 많았고, 窒素 20% 減肥區에서도 標準區보다 높았으며, 葉身 및 엽초경내의 窒素含量도 分?數 增減과 같은 傾向이었다. 3. 生育初期의 葉面積指數는 標準區와 大差없었으나 出穗期를 前後하여 모든 處理가 最高에 달하였는 바 그 中 深層施肥가 가장 높았고 그後의 減少 程度도 가장 緩慢하였다. 4. 乾物重의 經時的 增加는 全層施肥區에서는 標準區와 같은 Pattern을 보였으나 深層施肥는 後期의 增加가 顯著하였다. 5. 相對生長率, 純同化率, 葉面積比, 相對生長速度는 모두 處理에서 8月4日부터 8月16日사이에는 낮았으며 그 以後 深層施肥區에서 標準에 比하여 높은 경향을 보였다. 6. 葉身中 窒素濃度와 主要 生育時期의 收量構成要素 決定期와는 모두 正의 相關을 보였으며 葉面積比도 같은 경향이었고 穗重과 收量構成 要素들과도 正의 相關을 보였다. To clarify the effects of Nitrogen application on the growth, yield, and it's components of Indica x Japonica variety being diffent from Indica type phygio-ecologically, this experimental studies were carried out with new variety "Yushin" sowen on May 5 and transplanted on June 27. The fertilizers were applied all amounts of 100% and of reduced Nitrogen 20% as basal fertilizer at whole layer and deep layer. The results of this studies are as follows. 1. NH_4-N in the soil of 10㎝ deep layer was high only in the whole layer application, but that of 20㎝ deep layer was conspicausly compared with control. 2. At 20 days after transplanting, No. of tiller both in the whole layer and in the deep layer application were fewer than those of control, but after that, No. of tiller became conspicausly higher both in 100% placement and in reduced Nitrogen 20% as basal fertilizer than control. Fluctuation of N-contents in the leaf blade and in the leaf sheathstem tended to be the same as that of No. of tiller. 3. Leaf Area Index of all treatments at the early growth stage were not great different, but before or after heading stage, all of them marked maximum points. Especially among them, that in the deep layer application showed the highest, and decreased most gradually. 4. Increasing patterns of dry weight in the whole layer were the same as control, but those in the deep layer increased greater than control at the later growth stage. 5. RGR, NAR, LAR, CGR in all treatments were little during Aug. 4-16, and then those in deep layer tended to become higher. 6. The cerrelation between N-contents of leaf blade, LAR at the constituent stage of ylield conponents and yield components were significantly positive. The weight of panicles per hill and the yield components also showed positive correlation.

水稻 日×印 交雜品種의 Simetryne 및 Dimetametryne에 對한 感受性

李宗永 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

This experiment was conducted to investigate the sensitivity of japonica×indica rice varieties to Simetryne and Dimetametryne herbicides. Wide varietal differences were observed with Simetryne. Japonica×indica and indica varieties were so sensitive to the chemical (Simetryne) as to show equal degree of injury with only 1/4~1/3 the dosage used on the japonica varieties. The Dimetametryne treatment did not result in any varietal phytotoxicity differences. Summary In order to investigate the sensitivity of Japonica×Indica rice varieties to symetryne and dimetametryne, this experiment was carried out through observations on chemical injury caused by chemical absorption by roots in water culture and in different soil textures. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Japonica×Indica type including Tongil showed equal degree of chemical injury to simetryne with that of Japonica even to 1/4-1/3 dosage of chemical treated on Japonica type. 2. Indica type showed different reaction to simetryne depending on varieties but Japonica×Indica type were different among crossing parents. 3. Water absorption of Tongil was higher than that of Palkwoeng in untreated plot but in simetryne 0.25ppm treated plot, Tongil reduced its water absorpton by 1/2 in contrast to Palkwoeng which retained that even in 0.5ppm treated plot. 4. Resistence of Japonica type increased gradually as plant growth stages advanced from 4 leaf stage to 6 leaf stage. However, with Japoaica×Indica and Indica type, the increase of resistance to simetryne was slight even after 5 leaf stage. 5. The varietal difference of sensitivity to simetryne were not affected by temperature after application. 6. In sandy loam, Tongil showed severe chemical injury to simetryne but there were not significant varietal differences in clay loam. 7. Rice varieties tested did not show differences in sensitivity to dimetametryne.

감의 雌雄 配偶體形成에 關한 硏究

李萬相,李重浩,金文泰 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

감의 減數分裂時期, 大小胞子囊, 大小胞子, 雌雄配偶體形成에 對하여 調査하였던바 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1) 小胞子의 減數分裂은 5月11∼15日 사이에 中期, 4分子期가 된다. 2) 大胞子의 減數分裂은 5月17日前後에 일어난다. 3) 감은 內外珠皮로 되었으며, 珠心組織은 小數의 細胞層으로 되었고, 胚囊의 內被는 規則的으로 되어있다. 4) 完全胚囊이 大部分이지만 減數分裂異常으로 20%程度 異常胚囊이 생기는데, 이것은 먹시 1果당 平均 種子가 8,5個로 80% 結實된것과 一致된다. 5) 小胞子母細胞減數分裂은 大部分正常的이였으나 開花期에 있어서 正常花粉量은 적다. 6) 감에 있어서는 成熟花粉이 되어도 葯內에 융담組織이 殘存하는 것이있다. Present experiment was carried out to examine meiosis time, mega-and microsporangium, mega-and microsprangium, mega-and microspore, and female and male gametophyte formation of persimmon, the results of which were summarized as follows. 1. Metaphase to tatrad stage of meiosis of microspore take place from 11th to 15th. 2. Meiosis of megaspore takes place before and after May 17th. 3. Integument consists of inner and outer integument and nucellar tissue consists of several cell layers and endothelium is regular. 4. Abnormal embryo sac of about 20% is due to irregular meiosis. Accordingly, this accords with the fruit setting of 80% as 8.5 seeds in average per a fruit fo Meogsi, a variety of persimmon. 5. Meiosis of microspore mother cell is mostly regular, but the guantity of normal pollens at flowering time is little. In the persimmon, 6. Tapetal tissue in anther remains some what still till the pollens are mature.

湖南野山에 分布된 赤黃色土에 關한 硏究 : 野山 新開墾地 石灰所要量 決定에 關하여

張榮宣 圓光大學校 農村副業問題硏究所 1978 農村副業問題硏究 Vol.1 No.-

This study examined lime a proper Red-yellow soil in the Honam Rolling Area. The resulta obained are as follows. 1. Soybean of quantity is the first increase of in the Iime requirement exchangeable Al 100%. however lime more fertilization is decrease of yield. 2. Acid soil is a proper quantity of exchangieable Al 100% because it is get rid of poison 89%. 3. A high corralation coefficient was obtained between exchangeable Al content and exchangeable acidity Y_1 so determination of Y_1 can estimate lime a proper quantity. 4. Lime a proper quantity are ncwtrized of sufficiency that exchangeable Al content 100%∼150%