소나무의 몇가지 다형적 동위효소의 유전분석 (Ⅰ) - Glutamate - Oxalate Transaminase 와 Leucine Aminopeptidase 의 유전과 동위효소 유전자좌 간의 연관관계 -

김진수,홍용표 ( Zin Suh Kim,Yong Pyo Hong ) 한국산림과학회 1982 한국산림과학회지 Vol.58 No.1

Megagametophyte and embryo tissue of Pinus densiflora were subjected to study the inheritance of glutamate-oxalate transaminase(GOT) and leucien aminopeptidase(LAP), and linkage relationship among isozyme loci coding both enzymes by starch gel zone-electrophoresis. Four zones of activity were observed for GOT. No variation was found in the fastest migrating zone (GOT-A), Electrophoretic phenotypes of the other two zones (GOT-B and GOT-C) showed 1:1 segregation ration, suggesting that each zone is controlled by a single locus. Foru and three alleles were identified at both loci respectively. The isozyme pattern of the fourth zone(GOT-D), migrated chthodally, coincided precisely with that of GOT-C, Whether the two zones are controlled by the smae locus or by two tightly linked loci remained unknown. In all three variant GOT zones, heterozygoes embryos produced triple band patterns, indicating that GOT isozyme in Pinus densiflora is a dimer. Two zones of activity stained for LAP were found. The segregation of the two zones (LAP-A and LAP-B) suggested that tow loci control each of both isozymes. Two and three alleles were identified at both loci. GOT-B and LAP-B were found to be tightly linked, showing an average recombination frequency of 12.5 percent. Slight deviation from independent assortment was observed between GOT-B and GOT-C, with recombination frequency of 41 percent.

유럽 너도밤나무 ( Fagus sylvatica L . ) 유묘발달 (幼苗發達) 동안의 한 동위효소 유전자좌에서의 (遺傳子座) 생존력선택

김진수 ( Zin Suh Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.54 No.1

The genetic structures at one leucine aminopeptidase locus (LAP-A) of acorns, seedling raised in greenhouse and forest form the two beech provenances. West Germany and Rumania, were investigated and compared with each other. In many pair wise comparisons significant differences in genotypic structure as well as genic structure were ascertained between different developmental stages. In both the provenances, the allele A₂ seems to have advantage at both seedling stages raised under two different conditions. Homozygous carriers of A₂ allelle survived best in greenhouse, while heterozygous carriers especially with A₂ allele possessed great viability under more variable environmental conditions. Since a distinct different genetic background was present in two base populations. the identical effect of the allele A₂ confirms the adaptiveness of this locus. With aid of some measures such as viability parameter and genetic distance, the character of occurred viability selection of further explained. The possible significance of this locus at this early stage is discussed in relation to adaptation of this long lived tree species to heterogeneous environment

강원ㆍ경북지역 소나무 天然集團의 遺傳的 構造

Zin Suh KIM(金眞水),Seok Woo LEE(李錫雨) 한국육종학회 1992 한국육종학회지 Vol.24 No.1

We have studied the genetic variation patterns at 23 loci coding for 16 enzymes in eight natural populations of Pinus densiflora from Kangwon-Kyungbuk region which has been classified into P. densiflora for. erecta. The average proportion of polymorphic loci per population (P) was 75.6% (<0.99). The average number of alleles per locus was 2.3. The averaged observed and expected heterozygosities(Ho, He) showed the same value of 0.249. All investigated values of 8 populations in Kangwon-Kyungbuk region were less than those of 17 natural populations sampled from the other region(P=82.4%, A/L=2.4, Ho=0.263, He=0.268), but showed no statistically significant differences except the value for P. The absence of marker alleles specific to P. thunbergii and the very similar allele-frequency distributions to those of other populations in Pinus densiflora didn’t support the hypothesis that pines in Kangwon-Kyungbuk region are introgressive hybrid between P. densiflora and P. thunbergii. Only a small amount of observed genetic diversity appeared to be interpopulational(Gst=0.042). The mean genetic distance(D) over all pairs of 8 populations was 0.007. A pooled cluster analysis of 25 populations didn’t show any remarkable tendency of genetic differentiation between two groups, 8 populations in Kangwon-Kyungbuk region and 17 other populations of P. densiflora. Population ‘Pongwa’ possessing the smallest amount of genetic variation was separated from the other populations. As a whole, the genetic structure of the natural populations of P. densiflora in Kangwon-Kyungbuk region is not sufficiently distinctive from that of other populations. So it is considered that they cannot be treated genetically as a separate unit, Pinus densiflora for. erecta.

금강소나무 - 유전적으로 별개의 품종으로 인정될 수 있는가 ? - 동위효소분석 결과에 의한 고찰 -

김진수(Zin Suh Kim),이석우(Seok Woo Lee),황재우(Jae Woo Hwang),권기원(Ki Won Kwon) 한국산림과학회 1993 한국산림과학회지 Vol.82 No.2

The genetic variation patterns at 23 loci coding for 16 isozymes in eight natural populations of Pious densiflora for. erects distributed in Kangwon-Kyungbuk region and 17 populations of Pious densiflora and 13 populations of Pious thunbergii were compared. The absence of marker alleles specific to P. thunbergii and almost the same allele-frequency distributions to those of P. densijlora did not support the hypothesis that P. densiftora for erects is a introgressive hybrid between P. densiflora and P. thunbergii . From the results of the hierarchial analysis of population differentiation using Wright`s F statistics(1978i. the frequency distributions of single-locus distance coefficients and other genetic analysis (genetic distance. cluster analysis, factor analysis, resin duct analysis), it was concluded that Pious densiflora for. erects cannot be treated genetically as a distinct group from other natural populations of P. densiflora.

소나무 천연집단의 변이에 관한 연구 (Ⅰ) - 주왕산 , 안면도 , 오태산집단의 침엽 및 재질형질 (材質形質) -

임경빈,김진수 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Zin Suh Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1975 한국산림과학회지 Vol.28 No.1

은행나무 묘목에 대한 시비가 생장 및 엽내 양분과 유용 추출물 농도에 미치는 영향

손요환,김진수,황재홍,박정수 ( Yo Whan Son,Zin Suh Kim,Jae Hong Hwang,Jung Soo Park ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.1

We measured seedling growth, foliar nutrient and extract concentrations of 3-year-old Ginkgo biloba seedlings growing in a nursery following a single fertilization with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen plus phosphorus (N+P) fertilizers. Fertilization did not change foliage, stem and root biomass of the seedlings except for the high N+P treatment, Foliar N and P concentrations following fertilization varied according to the amount of fertilizers. In general, foliar N and P concentrations increased with fertilization, but fertilization with 400㎏ N/㏊ and 100㎏ P/㏊ decreased foliar N and P concentrations, respectively. Seedling growth and foliar nutrient concentrations showed that N and P were the growth-limiting nutrients in our study site. It was found that fertilization reduced the concentrations of secondary metabolites (Ginkgo flavon glycosides and terpene lactones) in foliages. It seemed there was a relationship between foliage biomass production and secondary chemicals in G. biloba seedlings.

Gibberellin 처리에 의한 편백나무의 개화촉진

김원우,김진수 ( Won Woo Kim,Zin Suh Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.4

To develop the effective methods of flowering stimulation, Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieh. et Zuec.) grafts growing in a seed orchard and in a clone bank in Southern Breeding Station of Cheju were applied with gibberellin treatments, and predicted the seed production potential, In the seed orchard, GA_(4/7) 1.5cc was injected into the stem of drafts and sprayed whale tree crown with GA₃ 300ppm and GP_(4/7) 300ppm. Un the other hand, in the clonal archives, drafts were given intrusion of GA_(4/7) 1.5cc into the excised and open inner part of bark wind GA₃ 20㎎ and sprayed with GA₃ 300ppm. Additionally, grafts growing in the seed orchard were treated with gibberellins at 3 different periods of time and 3 different treatments during the growing season. The results obtained here are summarized as follows : 1. All of the applications of Gilbberellin promoted female flower formation. Among these, the treatment of intrusion of GA_(4/7) 1.5c into the excised and open inner part of bark was racist effective, followed by the spraying of GA₃ 300ppm. Similarly, the applications of gibberellin promoted male flower formation. 2. Regarding the time of applications, treatment on August 15 was more effective than those of August 31 and September 11 in the stimulation of female flowers. On the contrary, there was no significant difference in the number of male flowers among 3 different time treatments. 3. It was supposed that the application of the intrusion of GA_(4/7) 1.5cc into the excised and open inner part of bark on August 15 showing the best effect in female flower formation can produce 22.12㎏ seeds per ha. 4. Considerable significant difference existed among clones for both female and male flower formations. 5. Flower formation, especially female flower formation, seemed to be partially associated with the genetic potential of individual trees.

사시나무(Populus davidiana Dode)의 葉 切片 器內培養에 의한 植物體 再分化

Mee Sook Kim(金美淑),Zin Suh Kim(金眞水),Young Woo Chun(全瑛宇) 한국육종학회 1994 한국육종학회지 Vol.26 No.1

This study was performed to establish in vitro culture system of Korean aspen(Populus davidiana) using direct adventitous shoot regeneration. For the direct adventitous shoot regeneration from leaf explant, MS medium and the modified MS(m-MS) media composed of various combinations of BA and NAA were tested. For all three clones(Odae 13, Odae 15, Bonghyun 3) tested, m-MS medium containing 10mM ammonium(NH⁺₄), 20mM nitrate(NO⁻₃), 0.5㎎/ℓ BA and 0.1㎎/ℓ NAA was suitable for adventitious shoot regeneration form leaf explant of Korean aspen. Two forms of nitrogen sources, ammonium(NH⁺₄) and nitrate(NO⁻₃) were required for the direct adventitous shoot regeneration from excised leaf culture in this study. In addition, 30mM [10mM ammonium(NH⁺₄), 20mM nitrate (NO⁻₃)] nitrogen concentration among the four concentration tested was the best for direct adventitious shoot regeneration. When the NAA concentration in the m-MS medium was increased, polar regeneration was decreased. In the m-MS medium with 0.5㎎/ℓ and 0.2㎎/ℓ NAA, the percentage of shoot regeneration was 90% and the percentage of polar regeneration was 0%. As a result, this study showed that the form and concentration of nitrogen sources, and combination of BA and NAA affect greatly to the adventitious bud regeneration of leaf explant culture. Besides, the tissue culture technique developed in this study will be useful tool for the application of foreign gene transformation using Agrobacterium binary vector system.

왕벚나무 성숙목의 녹지삽목에서 Auxin 및 Fog 처리 효과

김장수 ( Chang Soo Kim ),김진수 ( Zin Suh Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2007 한국산림과학회지 Vol.96 No.6

No Trace of Introduced cpDNA of Pinus thunbergii in Pinus densiflor for. erecta Postulated as an Introgressive Hybrid between Pinus densiflora and Pinus Thunbergii

홍용표,김규식,노의래,신은명,김진수,Hong, Yong-Pyo,Kim, Kyu-Sik,Noh, Eui-Rae,Shin, Eun-Myeong,Kim, Zin-Suh Korean Society of Forest Science 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.4

Portions of chloroplast genes(psbD and rbcL) were amplified from Pinus thunbergii(Japanese black pine : black pine) and Pinus densiflora(Japanese red pine : red pine) by PCR and digested by a restriction enzyme, HaeIII, respectively. Two species specific cpDNA markers were identified. With the observed cpDNA markers, paternal inheritance of cpDNA in pine hybrids was verified in an artificial hybrid family between black pine(Chollanam 37) and red pine(Chungchongbuk 3). On the basis of paternal inheritance of chloroplast genome in a hybrid, 2 portions of cpDNA amplified from 115 individuals of Pinus densiflora for. erecta were screened to detect any traces of black pine specific cpDNA markers in P. densiflora for. erecta which has been postulated as an introgressive hybrid between red pine and black pine(Hyun el al., 1967). All the analyzed individuals of Pinus densiflora for. erects revealed the identical profiles of HaeIII digested psbD and rbcL genes to red pine. This result suggests that there is no introduced chloroplast genome of black pine in Pinus densiflora for. erecta and that there is no concrete evidence of treating P. densiflora for, erecta as an introgressive hybrid between red pine(♀) and black pine(♂). 소나무와 해송으로부터 엽록체상의 두 유전자 psbD와 rbcL를 PCR에 의해 증폭한 후 제한효소 HaeIII를 사용해서 절단했다. 두 개의 종 특이적 엽록체 DNA 단편이 확인되었고, 이 두 개의 표지자를 이용하여 소나무(충북3호)와 해송(남난37호)의 인공교잡 가계로부터 엽록체 DNA의 부계 유전양식이 확인되었다. 인공교잡 가계에 있어서 엽록체 DNA의 부계 유전양식을 근거로 해송으로부터 소나무로의 이입교잡에 의해 생겨났다는 가설(현신규 등, 1967)이 지배적인 금강송 115개체로부터 이입교잡에 의해 유입되어진 흔적을 구명하기 위하여 해송 특이 엽록체 DNA의 존재 여부를 검색하였다. 분석에 사용된 금강송 전 개체에서 소나무에서 관찰된 엽록체 DNA(psbD와 rbeL)의 절편 분획 양상과 동일한 절편 분획 양상이 확인되었다. 본 실험의 결과로부터는, 금강송에는 해송으로부터 유입된 엽록체 게놈의 흔적을 찾아 볼 수 없었으며, 따라서 금강송을 소나무(♀)약 해송(♂)의 이입교잡종이이라고 간주할만한 확고한 증거를 제시할 수 없었다.