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Zhu, Jianhua,Fu, Xinmiao,Koo, Yoon Duck,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Jenney Jr., Francis E.,Adams, Michael W. W.,Zhu, Yanmei,Shi, Huazhong,Yun, Dae-Jin,Hasegawa, Paul M.,Bressan, Ray A. American Society for Microbiology 2007 Molecular and cellular biology Vol.27 No.14
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>The myristoylated calcium sensor SOS3 and its interacting protein kinase, SOS2, play critical regulatory roles in salt tolerance. Mutations in either of these proteins render <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I> plants hypersensitive to salt stress. We report here the isolation and characterization of a mutant called <I>enh1-1</I> that enhances the salt sensitivity of <I>sos3-1</I> and also causes increased salt sensitivity by itself. <I>ENH1</I> encodes a chloroplast-localized protein with a PDZ domain at the N-terminal region and a rubredoxin domain in the C-terminal part. Rubredoxins are known to be involved in the reduction of superoxide in some anaerobic bacteria. The <I>enh1-1</I> mutation causes enhanced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly under salt stress. ROS also accumulate to higher levels in <I>sos2-1</I> but not in <I>sos3-1</I> mutants. The <I>enh1-1</I> mutation does not enhance <I>sos2-1</I> phenotypes. Also, <I>enh1-1</I> and <I>sos2-1</I> mutants, but not <I>sos3-1</I> mutants, show increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. These results indicate that ENH1 functions in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species resulting from salt stress by participating in a new salt tolerance pathway that may involve SOS2 but not SOS3.</P>
Involvement of Arabidopsis HOS15 in histone deacetylation and cold tolerance.
Zhu, Jianhua,Jeong, Jae Cheol,Zhu, Yanmei,Sokolchik, Irina,Miyazaki, Saori,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Hasegawa, Paul M,Bohnert, Hans J,Shi, Huazhong,Yun, Dae-Jin,Bressan, Ray A National Academy of Sciences 2008 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.105 No.12
<P>Histone modification in chromatin is one of the key control points in gene regulation in eukaryotic cells. Protein complexes composed of histone acetyltransferase or deacetylase, WD40 repeat protein, and many other components have been implicated in this process. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of HOS15, a WD40-repeat protein crucial for repression of genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance through histone deacetylation in Arabidopsis. HOS15 shares high sequence similarity with human transducin-beta like protein (TBL), a component of a repressor protein complex involved in histone deacetylation. Mutation of the HOS15 gene renders mutant plants hypersensitive to freezing temperatures. HOS15 is localized in the nucleus and specifically interacts with histone H4. The level of acetylated histone H4 is higher in the hos15 mutant than in WT plants. Moreover, the stress inducible RD29A promoter is hyperinduced and associated with a substantially higher level of acetylated histone H4 in the hos15 mutant under cold stress conditions. Our results suggest a critical role for gene activation/repression by histone acetylation/deacetylation in plant acclimation and tolerance to cold stress.</P>
Local Field Enhancement Due to Multiple Scattering in Random Sb-SiN Thin Films
Ruo-Jian Zhu,Ding-Rong Ou,Guo-Fan Jin,Jia Wang,Jing Zhu 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1
Random Sb-SiN films consisting of random small Sb particles embedded in a SiN thin film were deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. Specimens comprising in order a random Sb- SiN film and an optical-phase-change recording layer were exposed to a focused laser beam. It was shown that, with a random Sb-SiN layer deposited above the recording layer, the ablation of the recording layer occurred much faster and under much lower power than that of a single recording layer. Scanning Near-field Optical Microscope (SNOM) images of the transmitted light after passing through the random Sb-SiN film were produced as well as a Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) calculation of the field distribution. They both showed a local optical near-field enhancement due to multiple scattering effects of the Sb nanoparticles. This is promising for application in superresolution optical storage to get a higher Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR).
A cellulose synthase-like protein is required for osmotic stress tolerance in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Zhu, Jianhua,Lee, Byeong-Ha,Dellinger, Mike,Cui, Xinping,Zhang, Changqing,Wu, Shang,Nothnagel, Eugene A.,Zhu, Jian-Kang Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 The Plant journal Vol.63 No.1
<P>Summary</P><P>Osmotic stress imposed by soil salinity and drought stress significantly affects plant growth and development, but osmotic stress sensing and tolerance mechanisms are not well understood. Forward genetic screens using a root-bending assay have previously identified <I>salt overly sensitive</I> (<I>sos</I>) mutants of Arabidopsis that fall into five loci, <I>SOS1</I> to <I>SOS5.</I> These loci are required for the regulation of ion homeostasis or cell expansion under salt stress, but do not play a major role in plant tolerance to the osmotic stress component of soil salinity or drought. Here we report an additional <I>sos</I> mutant, <I>sos6-1,</I> which defines a locus essential for osmotic stress tolerance<I>. sos6-1</I> plants are hypersensitive to salt stress and osmotic stress imposed by mannitol or polyethylene glycol in culture media or by water deficit in the soil. <I>SOS6</I> encodes a cellulose synthase-like protein, AtCSLD5. Only modest differences in cell wall chemical composition could be detected, but we found that <I>sos6-1</I> mutant plants accumulate high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under osmotic stress and are hypersensitive to the oxidative stress reagent methyl viologen. The results suggest that SOS6/AtCSLD5 is not required for normal plant growth and development but has a critical role in osmotic stress tolerance and this function likely involves its regulation of ROS under stress.</P>
Jian Zhang,Xiaohang Li,Fanglai Zhu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.3
In this paper, we consider problems of state estimation, unknown input, and measurement noise reconstructionfor a class of Lipschitz nonlinear systems. By extending the measurement noise as an auxiliary statevector, the original system is transformed into an augmented descriptor system. Then an adaptive H∞ observeris developed for estimating the states, unknown input and measurement noise simultaneously. Further, sufficientconditions of the existence of the adaptive H∞ observer are given in the form of linear matrix inequality, which canbe solved easily via some efficient mathematic tools. Finally, two simulation examples are given to illustrate theeffectiveness of the proposed method.
Three New 29 Carbon Skeletons Pentacyclic Triterpenoids and S-equol from Biogas Slurry
Jian-Feng Xu,Hui-Bin Wu,Ding-Cai Liu,Long Sha,Wen-Hui Wu,Hua Fan,Yishan Song,Hong-Guang Zhu 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.12
Bioactive natural products were firstly obtained from biogas slurry. Three new 29 carbon skeletons of the pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds 24-norolean-12-ene-3,22-dione (1), 3β-hydroxy-24-norolean-12-ene-22-one (2), 3α-hydroxy-24-norolean-12-ene-22-one (3), as well as one known compound S-equol (4) were isolated and purified from the MeOH extract of chicken manure biogas slurry. The molecular structures of the four compounds were elucidated based on the extensive spectroscopic data analysis, and the structure of Compound 1 was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structures of Compounds 1, 2, and 3 are similar with oleanolicum and hederagenin that has excellent anti-tumor activities. The cytotoxicity against five cancer cell lines (Hela, A549, MCF7, PC3, and B16) of Compounds 1–4 was tested. Similar to Compound 4 (S-equol), Compounds 1–3 (pentacyclic triterpenoids) showed cytotoxicity activity against different tumor cell lines. Compounds 1–3 showed slightly lower cytotoxicity activities than Compound 4. The IC50 of Compound 4 was determined to be 9.7–27.6 μM, while the IC50 values of 1–3 were 17.6–65.3 μM. There are no significant differences in the cytotoxicity capacities between Compounds 1, 2, and 3.
Jian Li,Lingling Zhu,Zhaojing Wu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.2
This paper is devoted to the tracking control of a class of uncertain flexible joint robots with variable stiffness actuators (VSAs). Compared with the related literature, more serious system uncertainties are allowed since the disturbances exist in all the three subsystems but only in one or two subsystems in those of the related literature. Moreover, more wide class of reference signals can be tracked since which are only first order continuously differentiable rather than higher order (more than two) continuously differentiable in the related literature. To solve the control problem, a novel adaptive practical tracking control design scheme is proposed by skillfully incorporating the adaptive dynamic compensation technique into the vectorial backstepping framework. Then, adaptive tracking controllers are explicitly designed which ensure that all the states of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded while the system outputs practically track the reference signals, i.e., the tracking errors arrive and then stay at an arbitrary neighborhood of the origin after some time. It is worth strengthening that the proposed controllers do not require the measurements of the derivatives for reference signals but those of the related literature must do, and hence is much more applicable. Finally, simulation is provided to validate the proposed theoretical results.
An Integrated FEM System Facilitated with Automatic Remeshing
Zhu, Jin,Gotoh, Manabu,Shang, Jian,Sun, Zhi Gang 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1998 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.4 No.4
Heavy distortion of elements in finite clement simulation of metal forming requires many times of remeshing during the computation. These remeshings should he performed automatically for both saving computation time and convenience. In this study, a fully automatic remeshing algorithm for two dimensional (2D) quadrilateral elements has been well established. A 2D rigid-plastic FEM code facilitated with the remeshing and refinement algorithm has been developed and applied to a two stage forging process. The system exhibited good performance during the simulation.
Jian Zhang,Shuai Ma,Jiawen Zhu,Kejia Kang,Guoqiang Luo,Chuandong Wu,Qiang Shen,Lianmeng Zhang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.2
In this work, W/HfC composite materials were synthesized using plasma activated sintering. The influence of the sinteringtemperature and HfC weight fraction on the relative density, microstructure and compression strength were investigated. The results demonstrated that the sintering temperature and the HfC content significantly affected the microstructure of W/HfC composites. Moreover, the grain size of the W/HC composites decreased and the mechanical properties were improvedremarkably due to the addition of HfC. The majority of HfC particles reacted with oxygen impurities to generate HfO2,whichpurified the grain boundaries and refined the grain size of the W matrix. The optimum content of HfC is 2 wt%, at which ahigh compressive strength of 1.98 GPa and a high strain of 34.7% were obtained.