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Xing Xie,Zhenlin Li,Baoshan Zhu,Hong Wang,Wenwu Zhang 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.5
A centrifugal impeller with splitters was designed by three-dimensional (3D) inverse design method, and its efficiency, velocity non-uniformity at impeller exit and maximum equivalent stress of blades were optimized by providing the suitable blade stacking angle, work ratio and circumferential location of the splitter. First, 80 samples were generated by optimal Latin hypercube technique and the corresponding impellers were designed by 3D inverse design. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and fluid structure interaction (FSI), the optimization objectives were obtained. Then, the group method of data handling (GMDH) artificial neural networks was established to link the design parameters and objectives by the specific formulas. The reference-point-based non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅲ) was applied to search the Pareto front. Finally, the preferred impeller was selected by adopting entropy weight and the method of technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results showed that the splitter of the preferred impeller had a circumferential location of 0.58, blade stacking angle of 28° and work ratio of 0.48. The nonuniformity at impeller exit and maximum equivalent stress of blades of preferred impeller obtained by NSGA-Ⅲ were decreased, while the efficiency was improved.
Improvement of Extrapolation of Traffic Load Effect on Highway Bridges Based on Rice’s Theory
Weizhen Chen,Cheng Ma,Zhenlin Xie,Bochong Yan,Jun Xu 한국강구조학회 2015 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.15 No.3
It is a primary strategy in assessment, maintenance and rehabilitation of existing bridges in China to analyze structural safety using real traffic load data. For medium and large span bridges, the most common approach to extrapolate extreme load effect takes advantage of the Rice's theory. The method, however, has a problem of determining optimal starting effect interval for tail histogram curve fitting of crossing rate. At present, the problem is generally solved using the approach proposed by Cremona. But the approach is essentially subjective in computing procedure. This paper carries out the test and verification of Cremona’s approach, discovering remarkable discreteness of extrapolated extreme load effects, and in-depth study reveals further flaws-improper understanding of statistical concept, miscalculation of significance level, and deviation of extrapolation by linear fitting method. To solve these issues, this paper develops a new method of determining optimal starting interval for tail histogram fitting. Instead of direct application of the Kolmogorov theory to crossing rate histogram, the new method starts analysis with the sample empirical distribution of effect at arbitrary time in stochastic process. By characteristics analysis of Kolmogorov distribution variable, it figures out whether the stochastic process variable complies with the hypothesis of the Rice's theory or the fitting curve tails with its theoretical curve (identification of optimal starting interval). Through in-depth analysis and case study, it can be seen that the proposed method can best reduce subjectivity in analysis procedure and improve on the load effect extrapolation based on Rice’s theory.
Fatigue Behaviour Study of the Shear Stud Using Crack Box Technology and M Integral Method
Jun Xu,Huahuai Sun,Zhenlin Xie,Jianyuan Sun 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.4
Steel and concrete composite structures can give full play to mechanical advantages of the two materials, so it is widely used all over the world. As the key components to ensure the compatibility deformation of two materials, the importance of shear studs to the security of structures is self-evident. However, fatigue research on shear studs is still lagging behind, and there is a potential safety hazard. Thus, based on crack box technique, the M integral and the maximum tangential stress criterion, this paper presents a simulation method for fatigue crack propagation of studs in three-dimensional mixed fracture mode. The crack propagation of Type A fracture in studs is simulated under fatigue load of constant slip between steel and concrete. Results show that the crack defl ection angle of stud increases with slip eff ect. In crack propagation process, the stress intensity factor K I is the highest and K III is the smallest, whose eff ect on the defl ection angle during crack propagation can be reasonably ignored. The crack surface inclines slightly to the bottom of welding collar while the crack expands in the stud.