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PHILIPPINE EXPORT EFFICIENCY AND POTENTIAL IN ASEAN TRADE
Richelle Jane Dela Rosa Robles,Yolanda T. Garcia,Zenaida M. Sumalde 한국무역학회 2019 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2019 No.08
The Philippines is considered as one of the world’s oldest open economies because of its active trading participation in the world market. This study was conducted to estimate the trade efficiency and potential level of Philippine exports to ASEAN countries in both agriculture and manufacturing sectors. It also explored the effect of “Behind-the-border” and “Beyond-the-border” factors on the said export efficiency and potential. The Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model was employed to measure the export efficiency and potential of the Philippine trade at the frontier. Results of the study show that on the average, Philippine manufacturing goods were more efficiently exported to ASEAN neighbors. Manufacturing export efficiency level of the Philippines totaled to 51% compared with 50% efficiency level for the agriculture sector. Higher export potential was also observed in the manufacturing sector. Further analyses show that the export efficiencies and potentials in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors were influenced more by factors that were beyond the Philippines’ control. Specifically, the export efficiency of the agricultural sector was significantly affected by “beyond-the-border” institution while the manufacturing sector was influenced by institution and exchange rate. Moreover, the export potentials of the agricultural sector were positively contributed by exchange rate and institution while manufacturing by infrastructure. On the other hand, “behind-the-border” infrastructure was the only factor that affects the export potential of both sectors. Based on the results, policy implications on how to improve the Philippine export efficiencies and potentials for the agricultural and manufacturing sectors were forwarded.