Filter Contribution Recycle: Boosting Model Pruning with Small Norm Filters

Zehong Chen,Zhonghua Xie,Zhen Wang,Tao Xu,Zhengrui Zhang 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.11

Model pruning methods have attracted huge attention owing to the increasing demand of deploying models on low-resource devices recently. Most existing methods use the weight norm of filters to represent their importance, and discard the ones with small value directly to achieve the pruning target, which ignores the contribution of the small norm filters. This is not only results in filter contribution waste, but also gives comparable performance to training with the random initialized weights [1]. In this paper, we point out that the small norm filters can harm the performance of the pruned model greatly, if they are discarded directly. Therefore, we propose a novel filter contribution recycle (FCR) method for structured model pruning to resolve the fore-mentioned problem. FCR collects and reassembles contribution from the small norm filters to obtain a mixed contribution collector, and then assigns the reassembled contribution to other filters with higher probability to be preserved. To achieve the target FLOPs, FCR also adopts a weight decay strategy for the small norm filters. To explore the effectiveness of our approach, extensive experiments are conducted on ImageNet2012 and CIFAR-10 datasets, and superior results are reported when comparing with other methods under the same or even more FLOPs reduction. In addition, our method is flexible to be combined with other different pruning criterions.

Cell-in-Cell Death Is Not Restricted by Caspase-3 Deficiency in MCF-7 Cells

Shan Wang,Meifang He,Linmei Li,Zhihua Liang,Zehong Zou,Ailin Tao 한국유방암학회 2016 Journal of breast cancer Vol.19 No.3

Cell-in-cell structures are created by one living cell entering another homotypic or heterotypic living cell, which usually leads to the death of the internalized cell, specifically through caspase-dependent cell death (emperitosis) or lysosome-dependent cell death (entosis). Although entosis has attracted great attention, its occurrence is controversial, because one cell line used in its study (MCF-7) is deficient in caspase-3. Methods: We investigated this issue using MCF-7 and A431 cell lines, which often display cell-in-cell invasion, and have different levels of caspase-3 expression. Cell-in-cell death morphology, microstructures, and signaling pathways were compared in the two cell lines. Results: Our results confirmed that MCF-7 cells are caspase-3 deficient with a partial deletion in the CASP-3 gene. These cells underwent cell death that lacked typical apoptotic properties after staurosporine treatment, whereas caspase-3-sufficient A431 cells displayed typical apoptosis. The presence of caspase-3 was related neither to the lysosome-dependent nor to the caspase-dependent cell-in-cell death pathway. However, the existence of caspase-3 was associated with a switch from lysosome-dependent cell-in-cell death to the apoptotic cell-in-cell death pathway during entosis. Moreover, cellular hypoxia, mitochondrial swelling, release of cytochrome C, and autophagy were observed in internalized cells during entosis. Conclusion: The occurrence of caspase-independent entosis is not a cell-specific process. In addition, entosis actually represents a cellular self-repair system, functioning through autophagy, to degrade damaged mitochondria resulting from cellular hypoxia in cell-in-cell structures. However, sustained autophagy-associated signal activation, without reduction in cellular hypoxia, eventually leads to lysosome-dependent intracellular cell death.

면세점 서비스 품질과 혼잡지각이 지각된 가치와 재 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 하이난 출도(이도)면세점(离岛免税店, Offshore Island duty-free Shop)을 중심으로

원택홍 ( Yuan Zehong ),박상수 ( Park Sang Soo ),왕서혜 ( Wang Shuhui ) 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2022 국제지역연구 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구에서는 중국 출도면세점(离岛免税, Offshore Island duty-free Shop)을 이용한 하이난(海南島) 도내 주민과 외지 관광객들을 대상으로 서비스 품질 유형성(점포 환경, 상품 다양성) 과 무형성(인적 서비스, 부가 서비스), 혼잡지각(인적 혼잡지각, 공간 혼잡지각)과 품질신뢰 등이 지각된 가치 및 재 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 아울러 하이난 도내 주민과 외지인을 대상으로 두 집단 간 차이를 살펴보았다. 첫째, 가설검증 결과는 다음과 같다. 서비스 품질 유형성인 점포 환경 및 서비스 품질, 무형성인 인적 서비스, 부가 서비스 모두 지각된 가치에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 면세점에 대한 지각된 가치가 재 구매의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 서비스 품질 무형성인 인적 서비스, 부가 서비스의 조절효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 셋째, 다중집단 비교분석 결과에서는 주민의 경우 점포 환경, 부가 서비스, 공간 혼잡지각, 변수가 지각된 가치에 유의한 것으로 확인되었으며, 인적 서비스, 인적 혼잡지각이 재 구매의도에유의한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 외지인의 경우 점포 환경, 인적 서비스, 부가 서비스가 지각된가치에 유의한 것으로 확인되었으며, 인적 서비스에서만 재 구매의도에 유의한 것으로 확인되었다. 지각된 가치의 경우 도내 주민과 외지인 집단 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 두 집단(도내 주민 vs 외지인)간 경로계수 값에 대한 차이 검증(등가제약 모형)결과에서는‘인적 서비스→지각된 가치’, ‘부가 서비스→지각된 가치’, ‘공간 혼잡지각→지각된 가치’, ‘인적 혼잡지각→재 구매의도’ 등 4개 경로에서 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, ‘인적 서비스→지각된 가치’ 경로에서는 외지인 집단에서만 유의성이 확인되었다. ‘부가 서비스→지각된 가치’ 경로에서는 두 집단 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 도내 주민의 경로계수 값이 외지인의 경로계수 값 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of service quality and perceived crowding on perceived value and repurchase intention in Hainan outlying island(离岛) duty free. For achieving the aim of the study, total 465 data was collected from outlying island duty free shop’s customers in Hainan and analysed using SPSS and AMOS. The following are the main results. First, the results of hypothesis testing are as follows. It was found that the store environment, which is a tangible type of service quality, and human service, which is an intangible service quality, had a positive (+) effect on the perceived value. It was found that the perceived value of duty free shops also had a positive (+) effect on repurchase intention. Second, on the other hand, the moderating effect of human service and supplementary service, which are intangible service quality, was found to be significant. Third, in the results of multi-group comparative analysis, store environment, supplementary services, perceived spatial crowding, were found to be significant in the perceived value of residents, and human service and human congestion perception were significant in repurchase intention of residents. In the case of tourists, it was confirmed that store environment, human service, and supplementary services were significant in perceived value, and only the human service was found to be significant in repurchase intention. In the verification of the difference in the path coefficient values of the two groups, it was found that tourists were much larger than residents in the 'human service →perceived value' path. On the other hand, in the 'supplementary services→perceived value' path, residents were found to be larger than tourists. In addition, only residents were found to be significant in the paths of 'perceived spatial crowding→perceived value' and 'perceived human crowding→repurchase intention'.

A Facile Method to Prepare Multifunctional Cotton Fabrics based on Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework

Jiajia Liu,Wei Wang,Zehong Wang,Dan Yu 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.4

The fabrication of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) on the various supported substrates, especially lightweightand flexible substrates have been attempted for many years. In recent years, zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIF-8) and fabriccomposites have attracted researchers’ interest, but the combination of two-dimensional zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF-L) and fabric rarely involves. Aiming to this, a two-dimensional ZIF-L was successfully fixed on modified cottonfabrics by a facile in-situ growing method under the same experimental conditions as the synthesis of ZIF-8, and ZIF-Lcoated cotton fabric (CF-NH2@ZIF-L) has multiple properties like indoor formaldehyde purifying capability, excellentantibacterial properties and good UV protection. The cotton fabric was first modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane(APTMS) and then the ZIF-L crystal films were in situ growth on the amine modified cotton fibers at room temperature inaqueous phase. The CF-NH2@ZIF-L fabric demonstrates excellent antibacterial properties and its antibacterial activityagainst Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 99.52 % and 99.89 % respectively. In addition, it also has good UVprotection and indoor formaldehyde purifying capability. The multifunctional cotton fabric prepared by this method can beviewed as a potential candidate used as decorative textile or air purification material.