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Effect of Sodium Cromoglycate on Acetic Acid-induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice
Zahra Ghafouri,Saeid Seyyedian,Jafar Nikbakht,Ebrahim Kouhsari,Sara Bayat,Hamidreza Zargar,Gholamreza Houshmand 대한소화기학회 2020 대한소화기학회지 Vol.75 No.1
Background/Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that mainly involves the colon. Thus far, glucocorticoids and amino-salicylate have been the main treatment. Methods: To assess drugs with fewer side effects, this study evaluated the effects of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) on acetic acid-induced UC in rats. The treatment groups included SCG receivers (50 and 100 mg/kg, intra-orally) and sulfasalazine (SSZ) receivers (100 mg/kg, intra-orally). The colonic mucosal injury was assessed by clinical, macroscopic, and histopathological examinations. Results: In the treatment groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of SCG, the clinical activity score decreased to 2.67±0.18 and 1.73±0.21 (p<0.05), respectively, compared to the UC control group (3.21±0.31), and were higher than that of the group given the standard treatment of 100 mg/kg SSZ (1.10±0.09). The treatment groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of SCG showed a lower clinical gross lesion score than the UC control group (2.91±0.28 and 2.10±0.43, vs. 4.49±0.61, p<0.05) and were higher than the standard group (0.95±0.18). Treatment with SCG (100 mg/kg) decreased the macroscopic scores significantly compared to the UC control group (p<0.05) on the 8th day. Conclusions: SCG (100mg/kg) decreased significantly the clinical activity score, gross lesion, and percentage-affected area compared to the UC controls on the 8th day.
Family Ismaridae Thomson (Hymenoptera, Diaprioidea), new to fauna of Iran
Zahra RAHMANI,김창준,Mostafa GHAFOURI MOGHADDAM,Ehsan RAKHSHANI 한국곤충학회 2019 Entomological Research Vol.49 No.9
Occurrence of the family Ismaridae Thomson is recorded for the first time from Iran, represented by a single species, Ismarus rugulosus Förster, 1850. A series of diagnostic characters and morphometric ratios for this species is presented, as well as a distribution map throughout the Holarctic region.
A peered look at Gracilepyris (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)
Meidani Zahra,Khayrandish Mohammad,Azevedo Celso O.,Madjdzadeh Seyed Massoud,Ghafouri Moghaddam Mostafa 한국응용곤충학회 2024 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.27 No.1
The epyrine genus Gracilepyris (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) is reviewed. A new species, Gracilepyris malakeae Meidani & Khayrandish sp. nov. from Iran is described and illustrated. In order to clarify the taxonomic status of G. rufipes (Say, 1824), we herein redescribed, illustrated, and a neotype is designated. We also described the male of G. rufipes for the first time. By re-examining the type series, it was revealed that four previously identified synonyms of G. rufipes, Bethylus formicoides Provancher, Epyris montezuma Cameron, Mesitius nevadensis Ashmead, and Mesitius vancouverensis Ashmead is retained in the same taxonomic position. On the other hand, the following taxonomic changes are proposed: G. bifoveolatus (Ashmead), stat. rev.; G. nudicornis (Kieffer), syn. nov. of G. bifoveolatus; G. longicollis (Kieffer), stat. rev., all from G. rufipes. Psilepyris brachypterus (Ashmead) is trans ferred to Gracilepyris brachypterus (Ashmead) comb. nov. This genus is reported for the first time from Iran. A key to Gracilepyris species and a distribution map are provided. The morphological characters of the new species and its closely related species are discussed.