Effects of Aqueous Extract of Schizandrae Fructus on Lead-Induced Change of Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Hippocampus

Zhao, Rong Jie,Zhao, Zheng Lin,Zhao, Xiu Feng,Zhao, Guang Wen,Li, Meng Quan,Wu, Yi Yan,Li, Jing Qiu,Guan, Li Xin,Kim, Sang-Chan The Korean Medicine Society for the Herbal Formula 2009 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

The effects of aqueous extract of Schizandrae Fructus (AESC) on lead (Pb)-induced changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in the hippocampus (HIP) of adult rats were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of Pb acetate (5 mg/kg/d) for 28 days and sacrificed 7 days after the last administration. Concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in HIP were measured by HPLC. There were significant decreases of NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in Pb treated rats (P < 0.05), while pretreatment with AESC (100 mg/kg/d or 300 mg/kg/d, p.o., 2 h before Pb) greatly inhibited the decrease of monoamine transmitters, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, AESC (300 mg/kg/d) significantly increased the reduction of glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase activities in HIP induced by chronic Pb. These results suggest that AESC ameliorates Pb-induced depletion of monoamine neurotransmitters in HIP through its antioxidant activity.

Metastasis associated genomic aberrations in stage II rectal cancer

Hong Zhao,Zhi-Zhou Shi,Rui Jiang,Dong-Bing Zhao,Hai-Tao Zhou,Jian-Wei Liang,Xin-Yu Bi,Jian-Jun Zhao,Zhi-Yu Li,Jian-Guo Zhou,Zhen Huang,Ye-Fan Zhang,Jian Wang,Xin Xu,Yan Cai,Ming-Rong Wang,Yu Zhang 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.11

Genomic aberrations of rectal carcinoma, especially DNA copy number changes associated with metastasis were largely unclear. We aim to identify the metastasis associated biomarkers in stage II rectal cancer. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues of stage II rectal carcinoma were analyzed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization, and genomic aberrations were identified by Genomic Workbench and SAM software. Copy number changes and mRNA expressions were validated by Real-time PCR in an independent rectal cancer samples. The results showed that the most frequent gains in stage II rectal cancer were at 1q21.2-q23.1, 3p21.31, 11q12.2-q23.3, 12q24.11-q24.31, 12q13.11-q14.1 and losses in 18q11.2-q23, 17q21.33-q22, 13q31.1-q31.3, 21q21.1-q21.3, 8p23.3-p23.1 and 4q22.1-q23. Twenty-two amplifications and five homozygous deletions were also identified. We further found that S100A1 (1q21.3-q23.1), MCM7 (7q22.1) and JUND (19p13.11) were amplified and overexpressed in stage II rectal cancer. Interestingly, the genomic aberrations affected 14 signaling pathways including VEGF signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Most importantly, loss of 13q31.1-q34 and gain of 1q44 were associated with distant metastasis. Our results indicated that these metastasis associated genomic changes may be useful to reveal the pathogenesis of rectal cancer metastasis and identify candidate biomarkers.

ACTIVE LQR MULTI-AXLE-STEERING METHOD FOR IMPROVING MANEUVERABILITY AND STABILITY OF MULTI-TRAILER ARTICULATED HEAVY VEHICLES

You-Qun Zhao,Zhao Wen Deng,Qi Xian Zhao,Bao Hua Wang,Wei Gao,Xin Xin Kong 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.4

Directional performance and highway stability are two important aspects that need to be considered in development and design of a heavy articulated vehicles. To improve the maneuverability and stability of a multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicle (MTAHV), an active linear quadratic regulator (LQR) multi-axle-steering method is designed and examined. First, a linear yaw-plane model with four-degree-of freedom (4-DOF) for MTAHV is built and validated. Thus, a reference model supplying the desired state responses is introduced. Then, an active control algorithm of multi-axle-steering for the rear axles of tractor and full-trailer is investigated, and a LQR controller is proposed based on the linear vehicle model to make the control variables track the desired state responses. The control strategy concentrates on keeping the actual yaw rate and side-slip angle follow the steady-state yaw rate and zero side-slip angle. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed approach on enhancing the maneuverability and stability of the MTAHV have been validated through the simulations of the low-speed 360o roundabout and the single lane-change maneuver with high speed, respectively. The method has a certain reference value for improving the active safety of the MTAHV.

2005년 국제 ITA/EA 컨퍼런스 : 이메일 마케팅 아키텍처 프레임웍: 개념과 패턴

조빙신 ( Bing Xin Zhao ),( Quan Xin Zhang ),( Hai Xin Ding ) 한국ITA학회 2005 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.-

Soil moisture retrieval in farmland using C-band SAR and optical data

Xin Zhao,Ni Huang,Zheng Niu,Venkatesh Raghavan,Xianfeng Song 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.3

Soil moisture retrieval in vegetation-covered area with space borne synthetic aperture radar is a challenging process due to the impact of vegetation on the multiple scattering of electromagnetic wave. In this paper, a semi-empirical method is proposed to estimate farmland soil moisture by active microwave remote sensing and optical remote sensing. By integrating the vegetation water content estimated from optical data and thermal infrared data into a coupling model based on a water–cloud model, the influence of vegetation on microwave backscattering coefficient was eliminated and thus soil moisture in vegetation-covered area was accurately retrieved. The experiment of soil moisture retrieval was carried out using Radarsat-2 and Landsat 8 datasets in western Great Khingan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China. The research showed that the accuracy of the coupling model is high and the R2 is up to 0.69 using HH polarization. Moreover, the effects of crop types on soil moisture retrieval, particularly barley, could also be distinguished using the coupling model.

Extraction of Cellulose Nanofibrils with Ultraviolet Blocking from Agro-industrial Wastes: A Comparative Study

Xin Zhao,Fangchao Cheng,Yingcheng Hu 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.1

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were successfully isolated from agro-industrial waste (cornstalk, corn flesh, andcorncob) by subjecting the raw materials to organosolv and peroxide treatment, followed by ultrasonication. A detailedcomparative study was performed. Characterization results showed that the CNFs from cornstalk (CS) exhibited higher yieldand lignin content (20.81 %), compared with CNFs from corn flesh (CF) and corncob (CC). The CNFs from CF and CCexhibited similar morphology, particle size, crystallinity, and thermal stability but showed improved ultraviolet blockingability and optical transparency relative to those of CS. The CNFs from CF showed higher dispersion stability andmechanical properties than those from CS and CC. Peroxide treatment negatively influenced crystallinity and thermalstability, but exerted no apparent effect on optical transparency and mechanical strength. Thus, this study demonstrates thatagro-industrial wastes are sustainable resources for CNF production, which can potentially have a wide range of value-addedapplications. Ionic liquid-aided solvothermal treatment followed by ultrasonication is a facile and ideal method to produceCNFs with ultraviolet blocking ability.

Streptomyces xinghaiensis sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment.

Zhao, Xin-Qing,Li, Wen-Jun,Jiao, Wen-Ce,Li, Yan,Yuan, Wen-Jie,Zhang, Yu-Qin,Klenk, Hans-Peter,Suh, Joo-Won,Bai, Feng-Wu Society for General Microbiology 2009 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.59 No.11

<P>A novel actinomycete, strain S187(T), was isolated from a marine sediment sample collected from Xinghai Bay, Dalian, China. Growth occurred on ISP medium 2 containing 0-9 % NaCl and at pH 6.0-9.0 and 10-45 degrees C. The cell wall of strain S187(T) contained the isomer ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H(6)) (40.8 %), MK-9(H(8)) (38.2 %) and MK-9(H(2)) (8.8 %). The major fatty acids were iso-C(16 : 0) (29.6 %), anteiso-C(15 : 0) (14.0 %) and anteiso-C(17 : 0) (11.6 %). Cells contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and one unknown phospholipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.01 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate had similarities of 98.1 and 97.5 % with those of Streptomyces flavofuscus NRRL B-8036(T) (=DSM 41426(T)) and Streptomyces albiaxialis DSM 41799(T), respectively, showing that the novel strain should be assigned to the genus Streptomyces. DNA-DNA hybridizations with the two above-mentioned Streptomyces species showed 31.4 and 46.9 % relatedness, respectively. Moreover, the three strains differed in some physiological and biochemical properties. Thus, on the basis of phenotypic and genotypic analyses, it is proposed that strain S187(T) represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces xinghaiensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is S187(T) (=NRRL B-24674(T)=CCTCC AA 208049(T)=KCTC 19546(T)).</P>

Lactobacillus plantarum YS-3 Prevents Activated Carbon-Induced Constipation in Mice

Xin Zhao,Ruokun Yi,Yu Qian,박건영 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.6

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum YS-3 (LP-YS3) on activated carbon-induced constipation in Kunming mice. The results of the experiment show that the antigastric acid activity and bile salt tolerance of LP-YS3 were stronger than those of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (LB). LP-YS3 inhibited loss of body weight caused by constipation and further reductions in fecal weight, particle number, and water content in mice. Moreover, LP-YS3 elevated the gastrointestinal transit rate and reduced the time required for initial black stool defecation. LP-YS3 also elevated motilin (MTL), endothelin (ET), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), substance P (SP), and VIP serum levels and reduced somatostatin (SS) levels in constipated mice. Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining revealed that high concentration of LP-YS3 reduced the incidence of injuries to small intestine villi and the intestinal wall compared to carbon-induced constipation groups. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot experiments demonstrated that LP-YS3 upregulated c-Kit, stem cell factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein expression and downregulated transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and nitric oxide synthase expression in small intestine tissue from constipated mice. In conclusion, high concentrations of LP-YS3 had stronger and more beneficial effects than LB. Based on these results, we conclude that LP-YS3 can effectively inhibit constipation.

Numerical Investigations of Bump Effects on the Performance of Double-Ended Airfoils and ABC Rotors

Xin Yuan,Guoqing Zhao,Qijun Zhao 한국항공우주학회 2024 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.25 No.2

Numerical simulations based on RANS have been performed to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the double- ended airfoil deformed by local bumps on its lower surface, both in airfoil and coaxial rotor environments. The two-dimensional results show that the bump can reduce the magnitude of negative lift but increase the drag at large negative AoAs and high Mach numbers, and can increase the stability of the airfoil at positive AoAs in forward flow and at large negative AoAs in reverse flow. A bump has a more significant effect on airfoil performance if it is closer to the leading edge and has a larger area. A coaxial rotor with different double-ended airfoils deformed by bumps located inboard was predicted under a 0.5 advance ratio with a lift-offset of 0.3. Bumps under such flight conditions influence the root region on the advancing side more than on the retreating side. The root region at 14 ~ 33% span produces about 6% of the total thrust, so bump’s effects on the whole performance are insignificant. Through the flow details around inboard sections, it suggests that bumps have the potential to improve ABC rotor performance, and flight conditions and blade geometry should be considered in conjunction with the application of bumps for effectiveness. Although the double-ended airfoil only covers the blade range of 0.14 ~ 0.33R, the total rotor thrust is slightly increased by adding bumps, and a higher bump has a greater influence.

A Video Traffic Flow Detection System Based on Machine Vision

Xin-Xin Wang,Xiao-Ming Zhao,Yu Shen 한국정보처리학회 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.5

This study proposes a novel video traffic flow detection method based on machine vision technology. The threeframedifference method, which is one kind of a motion evaluation method, is used to establish initialbackground image, and then a statistical scoring strategy is chosen to update background image in real time. Finally, the background difference method is used for detecting the moving objects. Meanwhile, a simple buteffective shadow elimination method is introduced to improve the accuracy of the detection for moving objects. Furthermore, the study also proposes a vehicle matching and tracking strategy by combining characteristics,such as vehicle’s location information, color information and fractal dimension information. Experimentalresults show that this detection method could quickly and effectively detect various traffic flow parameters,laying a solid foundation for enhancing the degree of automation for traffic management.