Shen-Kang protects 5/6 nephrectomized rats against renal injury by reducing oxidative stress through the MAPK signaling pathways

LIU, MEIYOU,PARK, JISOO,WU, XIAOXIAO,LI, YUWEN,TRAN, QUANGDON,MUN, KISUN,LEE, YONGJIN,HUR, GANG MIN,WEN, AIDONG,PARK, JONGSUN D.A. Spandidos 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.36 No.4

<P>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health concern with limited treatment options. The incidence of CDK is increasing and the disease is associated with a poor quality of life and a high financial cost of treatment. Shen-Kang (SK), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used clinically in the treatment of renal diseases for decades. This study was carried out to validate the therapeutic effects of SK on renal injury induced by 5/6 nephrectomy, as well as its effects on the apoptosis of proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2 cells), in an aim to elucidate its mechanisms of action. For this purpose, an animal model of renal injury was created by subjecting rats to a 5/6 nephrectomy. The rats in the sham-operated and model groups received distilled water, while the rats in the SK and enalapril (EN) groups were treated with SK or EN. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were measured. Kidney tissues obtained from the rats were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. HK-2 cells were employed to investigate the effects of SK on the apoptosis of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells induced by treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>). In addition, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptotic events were monitored by western blot analysis, flow cytometric analysis and nuclear morphological anlaysis. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometric analysis with dihydroethidium staining. The results revealed that the administration of SK to 5/6 nephrectomized rats for 1 week significantly decreased the levels of SCr and BUN. The morphological observations of the kidneys also indicated the amelioration of damage to renal tissue. Treatment of the HK-2 cells with SK significantly protected the cells from H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced apoptosis, as indicated by an increase in cell viability, the decrease in the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and fewer condensed nuclei. H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced ROS production was also attenuated by treatment with SK. Of note, the increase in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphorylated p38 which occurred in response to exposure to H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> was inhibited by treatment with SK. No changes were observed in the levels of phosphorylated JNK under the same treatment conditions. Thus, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play an essential role in the development of CKD. SK alleviated renal injury in rats induced by 5/6 nephrectomy and prevented the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced apoptosis of HK-2 cells through the MAPK signaling pathways.</P>

Numerically Study of the Flow Field and Spatter Particles in Laser-based Powder Bed Fusion Manufacturing

Jiayue Wang,Yuwen Zhu,Hui Li,Sheng Liu,Shengnan Shen,Lei Wang,Shifeng Wen 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.4

Laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology that uses a high-energy–density laser to scan through a powder bed and completely melts the metal powder. The environment inside the printer chamber, including the flow field of the shielding gas and the spatter particles induced by laser–powder interactions, is essential for product quality. For the first time, this work built a full-size model of printer chamber, and numerically investigated the interaction between the shielding argon flow and the laser induced spatter particles with considering laser temperature. A full-size geometric model of a commercial L-PBF printer with a Gaussian heat source was constructed, as well as a movable particle-release source model for particle injection. The distribution of the argon flow field, the temperature field, and the trajectory and deposition of spatter particles, particularly above the workbench during the L-PBF process were quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the gas flow within 30 mm above the workbench is uniform, and in the upper region of the printer chamber, the flow field is disorderly. The laser can only induce high temperature and upward gas flow in a small region close to the workbench (the height less than 1.6 mm), and the laser induced velocity disturbance in rest regions of the L-PBF printer is negligible. Particles injected towards the outlet (ID4) are mostly blown into the outlet, and in the other four injection directions, more than 90% of spatter particles are deposited inside the printer chamber, especially more than 50% deposited on the workbench. Increasing the laser power (from 100 to 200 W) has little effect on particle deposition on the workbench. Results will be helpful for improving the L-PBF product quality.

Antibacterial Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Composite Compression Garment Fabric

Lihuan Zhao,Siyu Zhang,Yuwen Wang,Jun Li,Yanyan Li,Yujie Yang,Silu Liu 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.7

To solve issues related to hypertrophic scars, such as the risk of bacterial infections, due to the wearing ofcompression garments for extended periods of time, we prepared an antibacterial compression garment fabric (CGF) with agraphene oxide (GO)/chitosan (CS) composite. First, the GO/CS composite was prepared and used as an antibacterial agentfor antibacterial finishing of the CGF. Then, silane coupling agent γ-(methacryloxy) propyl trimethoxysilane (KH570) wasused to modify the GO/CS-finished CGF to improve the washing fastness properties of the antibacterial fabric. Finally, thedurability, physical properties, and biological safety of the antibacterial finished fabrics were studied. We found that the GO/CS composite was successfully synthesized, and the antibacterial finished fabrics were endowed with antibacterial activityagainst both gram-negative bacteria Esherichia coli (E. coli, AATCC 6538) and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcusaureus (S. aureus, AATCC 25922), with bacteriostatic rates of 92.09 % and 99.33 %, respectively. Moreover, the durability ofthe finished fabric was effectively improved by KH570 treatment. One disadvantage was that the comfort of the antibacterialfinished fabric was affected to a certain extent; however, biological experiments showed that the CGF finished by GO/CS/KH570 showed no potential cytotoxicity on the human body and did not cause skin irritation. The prepared antibacterialfinished CGF based on the GO/CS/KH570 composite could effectively reduce the bacterial infection rates of patients wearingcompression garments, which could significantly alleviate patient suffering.

Dynamic Cost-Sensitive Extreme Learning Machine for Classification of Incomplete Data Based on the Deep Imputation Network

Fuxian Huang,Chunying Liu,Yuwen Huang,Jijiang Yu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.6

Due to its importance in many applications, the incomplete data mining has received increasing attention in recent years, but there has been little study of the cost-sensitive classification on incomplete data. Therefore this paper proposes the dynamic cost-sensitive extreme learning machine for classification of incomplete data based on the deep imputation network (DCELMIDC). Firstly, we propose an approach for incomplete data imputation based on the deep imputation network model, and offer the cost-sensitive extreme learning machine. Secondly, this paper introduces dynamic misclassification and test cost, and gives the chromosome coding and an evaluation method of the optimal cost. At last, on the basis of the genetic algorithm, the dynamic cost-sensitive extreme learning machine classification algorithm for mining incomplete data is given, which can search the optimal misclassification and test cost in cost spaces. The experiment results show that DCELMIDC is effective and feasible for classification of incomplete data, and can reduce the total cost.

Feature-based image stitching for panorama construction and visual inspection of structures

Kai Cheng,Jiazeng Shan,Yuwen Liu 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.28 No.5

This study presents a feature-based image stitching method with multi-level constraint criterion for panorama construction and visual inspection of building structures. The comparison of global view and local resolution over building exterior is discussed regarding practical implementation. An inspection-oriented methodology framework with optimized inlier distribution is designed for generating a feasible and reliable building panorama by using ordinary optic images. Two illustrative examples, including an earthquake-damaged masonry wall and a high-rise building with stone curtain walls, are experimentally investigated. The severely developed structural crack is fully mapped with stitched image and extracted in preparation for further quality evaluation. The curtain wall of the high-rise building is successfully constructed by using UAV-based images. The panorama quality is further compared with commercial stitching software and several improvements are illustrated in the particular case. In addition, the reliability of the proposed feature-based stitching approach is parametrically studied with different setups of input images.

Characterization of Proso Millet Starches from Different Geographical Origins of China

Yu Wen,Jia Liu,Xiangyan Meng,Dongxian Zhang,Guohua Zhao 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.5

The influence of geographical origin (Lvliang,Baotou, Gulang, and Jilin) on the physicochemicalproperties of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) starchesfrom China, and starch chemical compositions werestudied. Scanning electron microscopy showed that starchgranules from millet starches were polygonal and sphericalwith smooth surfaces with sizes ranging from 2.5 to 12 μm. X-ray diffraction showed that millet starches were typicalof A-type starch granules with a mean crystallinity of35.81%. The transition temperatures (To, Tp, and Tc) andenthalpy of gelatinization (ΔH) of Lvliang, Baotou,Gulang, and Jilin proso millet starches were 66.81 to70.01oC, 72.79 to 76.55oC, 78.30 to 82.44oC, and 10.4 to14.46 J/g, respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) wereobserved for the amylose content, granule size, peaktemperature, gelatinization enthalpy, and peak viscositytemperature among the millet starches. Millet starches mayhave potential applications in production of puffed starchfood products and other food items.