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정영채,김창근 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1996 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.9 No.1
본 연구는 핵이식과정의 개선을 위해서 제핵율과 할구분리율에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하기 위해서, 또한 수핵난자의 체외성숙시간과 통전전압이 핵이식난자의 융합율과 초기난할율에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 실시하였다. 수핵난자의 제핵시 cytochalasin B 첨가수준이 체외성숙난자에서는 12㎍/㎖에서 제핵율이 개선되었다 (66.7:48.8%). 수핵난자의 체외성숙 시간별 제핵확인율은 14시간과 20시간 간에는 차이가 없었으나 26시간에서는 낮았다. 신선수정란의 할구 분리율과 분리할구수는 12분 pronase 처리에서 높았으며, 동결수정란에서는 처리시간 간에 차이가 없었다. 융합율은 난자성숙시간과 전압에서 모두 차이가 없었으나, 난할율은 16시간 성숙에서는 0.8㎸/㎝ DC, 24t시간 성숙에서는 1.2㎸/㎝ DC에서 다소 높았다. 16시간보다 24시간 성숙난자에서 난할율은 높았으며 (71.7%:59.2%), 동결수정난의 핵이식에서는 난할율이 신선수정란의 핵이식때보다 현저히 낮았다(71.7%:40.9%). In order to improve nuclear transfer(NT) procedures, factors affecting the elficiency of enucleation from recipient oocytes and the blastomere isolation from donor embryos and the effects of oocyte age and DC voltage on the fusion and early cleavage of NT oocytes were examined in this study. The level of cytochalasin B in enucleation step did not affect the enucleation of in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes, but the enucleation rate of in vivo matured oocytes was increased from 12㎍/㎖ than from 6㎍/㎖ level (66.7%:48.8%). The success of unucleation by maturational ages of oocytes was not different between 14h and 20h oocyte age, but the enucleation 26h post-IVM resulted in slightly low accuracy. The isolation rate and number of blastomeres from 16 cell stage fresh embryo after pronase treatment was more higher in 12 min than 6 treatment. However. the rate number of isolated blastomeres from a frozen embryo did not differ between the two treatment times The fusion rate of 77.8~84.6% in the NT embryos derived from fresh donor embryo nuclei was not different among DC voltages, but the early cleavage rate tended to slihghtly high at 0.8kV/㎝DC for 16-h IVM oocytes and at 1.0kv/㎝ DC for 24-h IVM oocytes, respectively. Also, the cleavage rate of 24-h IVM oocytes was higher than that of 16-h IVM oocytes(71.1%:59.2%) and the rate from fresh donor nuclei greatly lower than that fresh donor nuclei.
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rc유전자(실명 돌연변이) 가 수탉의 정소발달과 정자형성기능에 미치는 영향
정영채,김창근,Cheng,K.M. 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1999 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.12 No.1
본 연구는 상염체성 열성돌연변이 rc유전자가 수탉에서 성성숙전의 정소발달과 정사생산기능에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 시도되었다. 세유전자형에서 모두 양측 정소무게가 20주령 때 크게 증가되었다. 20주령 rc/rc의 정소무게는 다른 두유전자형보다 현저히 작았다. 12∼20주령사이의 T₄수준변화는 세유전자형에서 차이가 없었으며 18∼20주령에서 현저히 증가하였다. 그러나 rc/rc에서는 T₄의 상승시기가 정상보다 늦었다. 20주령때 세정관 직경이 rc/rc는 Rc+/rc와 같았으나 Rc+/Rc+보다는 현저히 작았다. 16∼20주령때 정소내 세정관 총길이는 rc/rc에서 Rc+/Rc+보다 현저히 짧았고 Rc+/Rc+와 Rc+/rc간에는 차이가 없었다. 16주령때 정자형성 Ⅲ기에 도달된 개체가 Rc+/Rc+와 rc/rc가 각각 80%와 20%였으며 20주령에서는 Rc+/Rc+와 Rc+/rc에서는 50%이상이 Ⅵ기에 도달되었으나 rc/rc에서는 전혀 없었다. rc/rc의 정소내 1일 정자생산은 Rc+/Rc+의 46%였다. 이상의 결과에서 rc유전자가 호모일 때 정소발달이 크게 지연되었으나 T₄생산에는 영향이 없었다. 또한 rc유전자의 작용이 정소에 직접 또는 간접 효과인지에 대해서는 분명하지 않았다. This study was undertaken to investigate the pleiotropic effects of rc gene, autosomal recessive mutation known to cause retinal degeneration and blindness on the testicular development during prepubertal period and daily sperm production in the cockerels. Paired testes weights in all three genotypes were significantly increased at 20 weeks of age. The testes weight of 20-wk-old rc/rc cockerels was significantly lighter than those of the other two genotypes. The changes in plasma T₄levels from 12 to 20 weeks of age did not differ between the three genotypes. The T₄levels greatly increased at 18th and 20th week, but the rc/rc males showed the delayed increase in T₄ levels compared to the normal males. At 20 weeks of age, the diameter of seminiferous tubules in the rc/rc males was similar to the Rc+/rc males, but significantly smaller than in the Rc+/Rc+ males. The total length of seminiferous tubule at 16 to 20 weeks of age was significantly shorter in the rc/rc than in the Rc+/Rc+ males, but was not different between the Rc+/Rc+ and Rc+/rc+ males. The proportion of males reached Stage Ⅲ of spermatogenesis at 16 weeks of age was 80% for the Rc+/Rc+and 20% for the rc/rc males. At 20 weeks of age, over 50% of the Rc+/Rc+ and Rc+/rc males reached Stage Ⅵ, but no males reached this stage were in the rc/rc males. Daily sperm production per testis of the rc/rc males attained 46% of the Rc+/Rc+ males. In conclusion, the rc gene, when homozygous, delayed the testicular development, but did not reduce T₄production. It was not clear whether the rc gent is acting directly or indirectly on the testes.
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玄永學,鄭世華,李男德,李效再 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1976 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.28 No.-
For the past 20 years, there has been a substantial increase in the percentage of women going to colleges and universities in Korea: the statistics indicate that the male and female ratio changed from 87.3% to 12.2% in 1952 to 73.9% to 26.1% in 1974. Inspite of the increasing trend, some academic observers recently began to voice their opinions against higher education for women on the basis that Korean women, regardless of their education in an occupation or public life. The following trends partially support this opinion. First, the tendency of female students concentrating their major fields on a limited number of specializations, such as teachers' education, language, arts, nursing and medical technology, is a contrasting phenomenon with male students, who are more or less evenly distributed throughout all the areas of specialization as their major fields. Second, the remarkable increase in female labor participation for the past 10-15 years is largely contributed by women in the agricultural sector and manufacturing industries, as the percentage of women with higher education have shown not as much of an increase in the labor market as that of these with elementary level or less education. Furthermore, the percentage of women in professions and managerial occupations which would require college education for qualification toward has decreased from 2% in 1960 to 1.8% in 1970. Thirdly, a survey of Ewha graduates concerning their attitudes toward women's social role and college education presents revealing results of their conservatism and resignation sex equality and occupational roles. These findings certainly contradict the egalitarian principles of modern higher education and human potentials. However, there are now growing trends among female college students, with the awareness of changing sex roles, of taking seriously their future occupations and other social roles in addition to marriage. They are showing a greater concern for developing their potentials for professions and egalitarian roles for society, realizing the need for overcoming socio-cultural limitations as well as personal inertia. These are signs calling for new directions in women's education in Korea by introducing women studies programs which are designed to liberate women from the culturally conditioned state of self-awareness and the traditional status and role.
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血淸 및 호르몬 添加가 소 卵胞卵의 體外成熟에 미치는 影響
尹鐘澤,鄭英彩,金昌根 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1991 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.4 No.1
These studies were carried out to investigate the effects of sera and hormones added to maturation medium on the in vitro maturation(IVM) in bovine follicular oocytes. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The IVM rate of oocytes was increased by addition of 10 to 15% FCS to m-KRB and DM and 20% FCS to Ham's F10, respectively. The addition of ECS to TCM199 was superior to that of FCS, but no difference in the IVM rate between ECS and FCS added to m-KRB. 2. The IVM rate in the media added with hormones was increased and the rate in m-KRB was higher when FSH was added to medium instead of HCG. The highest IVM rate was obtained in the TCM199 added with 10% ECS and LH. 3. The IVM rate of oocytes in the media added with sera was higher than that of hormones. 4. In conclusion, the present studies indicate that the addition of sera and hormones can improved the in vitro maturation of bovine follicular oocytes.
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Chung,Yung Chai,Kim, Chang Keun,Yoon,Jong Taek,Lee,Kyu Seung 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1989 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.2 No.1
소 卵胞卵의 體外成熟率과 體外受精후 卵割率을 향상시키기 위하여 성숙배양액에 FCS 添加效果를 조사하였으며 FCS의 첨가수준은 5~20%였고 사용된 基本培養掖은 DM(-BSA), Ham's F10 및 TCM199이었다. 卵胞直經 2-6mm 난포로 부터 채란된 卵胞卵을 39℃ 배양기에서 28시간 성숙시킨 후 동결융해정자 또는 비동결정자로 體外受精시켰다. FCS 無添可區보다는 添可區에서 成熟率이 향상되었으나 FCS 첨가의 DM(-BSA)와 Ham's F10간에 그리고 FCS 添可水準間에는 成熟率의 차이가 없었다. FCS의 添可로 성숙율은 향상되었으나 卵割率에는 영향이 없었다. 체외수정 卵胞卵의 卵割率이 HIS 處理後 6시간 前培養한 동결정자와의 受精에서는 현저히 낮았으나 2시간 전배양한 정자에 의해서는 향상되었고 비동결정자이용시 더욱 向上되었다. FCS 添加된 Ham's F10 과 TCM199에서 成熟시킨 卵子의 卵割率이 DM(-BSA)+FCS 보다 높았다. 本 硏究結果에서 卵胞卵의 體外成熟이 FCS 첨가로 개선되었으나 卵割率에는 영향이 없었으며 卵割率이 精子處理方法에 따라 차이가 많았고 Ham's F10 과 TCM199에 FCS의 添加가 보다 효과적이었다. Several levels of fetal calf serum(FCS) were evaluated for their ability to enhance the in vitro maturation of bovine follicular oocytes and the cleavage rate of in vitro-fertilized oocytes. FCS was added at 5 to 20%(v/v)to the maturation media(Brackett's defined medium without BSA,Ham's F10 and TCM199).Oocytes were collected from 2-6 mm follicles, cultured for 28h in a CO₂ incubator at 39℃ and fertilized with frozen-thawed or unfrozen semen capacitated in vitro, The oocytes reached metaphaseⅡ was 57 to 65% in DM(-BSA) plus BSA and 57 to 70% in Ham's F10 plus FCS(control; 50 and 40%,respectively). There was no difference between two different media and among 4 levels of FCS. FCS addition to DM(-BSA) for maturation and its levels did not affect the cleavage rates of oocytes. The cleavage rates of IVF oocytes was greatly low by 6h-preincubated frozen semen after HIS treatment but was increased by 2h-preincubated frozen semen and significantly increased by the use of unfrozen semen capacitated in vitro. The cleavage rates of oocytes matured in Ham's F10 or TCM199 plus 10% FCS were higher than those of oocytes matured in DM(-BSA) plus FCS. These results indicate that in vitro maturation of oocytes improved by the addition of FCS to medium but did not greatly affect the cleavage rates after IVF and that the cleavage rates varied by sperm conditons and FCS addition to Ham's F10 or TCM199 was more efficient for oocyte maturation.
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