Stability Analysis of Perforated Plate Type Single Stage Suspension Fluidized Bed Without Downcomer

Lu, Wei Ming,Ju, Sheau Pyng,Tung, Kuo Lun,Lu, Yu Chang 한국화학공학회 1999 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.16 No.6

The stability of operation of a perforated plate type suspension bed without downcomer was analyzed experimentally and numerically. The effects of the feed rate, the gas flowrate and the opening ratio and hole diameter of the perforated plates on the operating stability of the fluidized bed were examined. A full three-dimensional discrete particle simulation method proposed by Tsuji [1993] was performed to study the formation of a stable suspension fluidized bed. The course and behavior of particles that formed a dense and stable fluidized bed are discussed. Both the experimental and simulation results of this study show that the process of forming a suspension bed can be categorized into (i) an induced stage, (ii) a growing stage, and (iii) a stable stage. The velocity of gas through the orifice directly controls the formation of the bed while the solid flow rate over a considerable range maintains a balanced hold-up in the suspension bed system without downcomers. The existence of a multiplicity of steady states corresponding to different gas flow rates, for the same feed rate and perforated plate type, was observed. Results show that the design of the plate, the particle feed rate and the gas velocity distribution through the hole affect the stability of the fluidized bed. The simulated results agree qualitatively well with experimental observations.

The Role of N-Doped Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Achieving Highly Efficient Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Lu, Luyao,Xu, Tao,Chen, Wei,Lee, Ju Min,Luo, Zhiqiang,Jung, In Hwan,Park, Hyung Il,Kim, Sang Ouk,Yu, Luping American Chemical Society 2013 NANO LETTERS Vol.13 No.6

<P>This paper reports an improved solar cell performance of 8.6% by incorporation of N-doped multiwall carbon nanotubes (N-MCNTs) into BHJ solar cells composed of PTB7 and PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM. It was demonstrated for the first time that incorporation of N-MCNTs leads to not only increased nanocrystallite sizes but also smaller phase-separated domain sizes of both PTB7 copolymers and PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM from X-ray scattering study. The results show that N-MCNTs could serve as both exciton dissociation centers and charge transfer channels. The enhanced charge dissociation probabilities and effective charge carrier lifetime in the active layer material offer evidence to support the conclusion that N-MCNTs facilitated charge separation and transport.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2013/nalefd.2013.13.issue-6/nl304533j/production/images/medium/nl-2012-04533j_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl304533j'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

수리동력학적 분리장치에 의한 고속 도로 강우유출수의 전처리 기술

우강화(Yu, Jianghua),이치타오(Yi, Qitao),김필주(Kim, Phil-Ju),여미미(Lu, Wei Wei),박성순(Park, Sung-Soon),김영철(Kim, Y.C.) 한국산학기술학회 2009 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

고속도로 교량이나 성토지역 노면이 제공하는 자연적인 위치에너지(동력)를 활용하여 수리학적인 입자상 오염물질 분리장치를 실험실 조건에서 운전한 결과 운전압력 0.5기압(수두 5.6m) 이상에서 90% 이상의 제거효율을 보였다. D50는 약45μm이었는데 입자의 크기가 45 μm 보다 굵은 입자는 거의 대부분제거되지만 45 μm보다 작은 입자의 제거는 쉽지 않음을 시사해주고 있다. 이러한 입자를 제거하기 위한 후속장치가 필요하며 장치의 원활한 운전을 위해서 유지관리문제에 대한 치밀한 검토가 필요하다.

기획논문: 정신과 육체의 유형학-통일성과 다양성을 중심으로 : 동양의학의 유형론과 사상의학의 유형원리

노환옥 ( Huan Yu Lu ),유정희 ( Jung Hee Yoo ),이의주 ( Eui Ju Lee ) 경희대학교 인문학연구소 2010 인문학연구 Vol.0 No.17

이 논문은 동양의학의 유형론 발전과정을 살펴 보고, 사상의학의 유형분류원리에 대하여 고찰함을 목적으로 한다. 동양의학의 유형론은 외형과 성격 중심으로 구분되어 발전하였다. 비로써 사상의학에 이르러 장부의 생리와 병리 개념이 결합하여 의학적 유형론으로 완성되었다. 사상의학의 유형원리는 성정개념에 의해 인체 장부기능의 편차를 초래한다. 이로 인하여 체질에 따른 독특한 신체적, 심리적, 생리적. 병리적 특성을 가지게 된다. 사상의학의 유형분류 방법은 육체적 요소인 체형기상, 용모사기와 정신적 요소인 성질재간, 항심, 심욕이 체질진단의 단서가 되기는 하지만 체질진단의 최종적 단서는 병증 즉 素證(체질적 생리증상)과 病證(체질적 병리증상)을 중시한다. The purpose of this study is to discuss the history of the typology in oriental medicine and the principles of the typologic classification in Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM). The typology of oriental medicine was developed on the focused conception of body and mind. Medical type such as SCM was completed through the combined physiology and pathology. The typologic principles of SCM is the functional difference of internal organs by the deviation of Seung-Jung. This is fundamentally due to its unique physical and psychological, physiological nature. Physical element such as body flame and facial shape, mental element such as characteristics, emotion and nature are the diagnostic clues in SCM. Finally Sasangin is classified by medical clues such as physiological element (constitutional symptoms) and phathologic element (disease) in SCM.

Cloud computing with single server threshold and double congestion thresholds

Shun-Ping Chung,Yu-Ju Lu,Yu-Chen Lai 한국통신학회 2018 ICT Express Vol.4 No.3

In this work, we study how to minimize the average system delay in a cloud computing center with heterogeneous servers, where each server may have a different average service rate. We consider M∕Mi∕C∕K with a single server threshold and double congestion thresholds. The analytical models and performance measures are derived for the systems considered. The effect of the average arrival rate on performance measures is studied. It is shown that M∕Mi∕C∕K with a single server threshold and double congestion thresholds outperforms M∕Mi∕C∕K in terms of the average system delay. Finally, a computer simulation is written to verify the accuracy of the analytical results.

부자(附子)의 활용(活用)에 대한 고찰(考察)

노환옥,강미정,이지원,유정희,이준희,고병희,이의주,Lu, Huan-Yu,Kang, Mi-Jeong,Lee, Ji-Won,Yoo, Jung-Hee,Lee, Jun-Hee,Koh, Byung-Hee,Lee, Eui-Ju 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.3

1. Objectives: After arranging the contents of the usages of Aconite mentioned in the literature - "Dongmu", a power trend me to further study the details of the usages of Aconite. 2 Methods: This study mainly refers to; "Dongmu-YuGo(東武遺稿)"(DYG), "Donguisusebowon-SaSangchobongyun(東醫壽世保元四象草本卷)"(DSS), "Donguisusebowon-GabObon(東醫壽世保元甲午本)"(DGO), "Donguisusebowon-ShinChukbon(東醫壽世保元辛丑本)"(DSC), and the research was written in order to find out the physiology and pathology of Soeumin in SCM. 3 Results and Conclusions 1) Taking aconite in a scale of 3 to 15 gram as common dosage, especially, when a person was critically ill, the dosage of 45 gram was used. Different dosages of aconite were chosen in accordance with some other different conditions, such as the purpose of reducing fever or mid-energizer warming, urinary volume, presence or absence of edema, stages of growth of diseases. In addition, we found a remedy using Remedy Single head garlic(獨頭蒜) instead of aconite. 2) Adverse toxic effects of aconite can be serious, it is dangerous to patients who are administered with aconite in massive amounts or take it in different concocting methods, therefore, further evidence about the laboratory experiments studied in animals and clinical dataare needed to confirm the scope for more widespread and accurate usages of Aconite.

Fermented cottonseed meal improves production performance and reduces fat deposition in broiler chickens

Niu Jun Li,Wei Lian Qing,Luo Yuan Qing,Yang Wen Ting,Lu Qi Cheng,Zheng Xin Xia,Niu Yu Jie,Sheng Wen,Cheng Hong,Zhang Wen Ju,Nie Cun Xi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by Candida tropicalis until 42 days old. In the experiment, the chickens of the control group were fed soybean meal. Results: FCSM supplementation linearly decreased the feed conversion ratio from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of carcass and semi-eviscerate increased in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at d 21 (p<0.05). The percentage of eviscerated and semi-eviscerate of 3FCSM was higher than that in other groups at d 35 (p<0.05). At the age of 42 d, the percentage of carcass increased in a quadratic way among increasing FCSM in diets (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat thickness linearly decreased with the increasing levels of FCSM at d 21 (p<0.05). Gompertz and Logistic functions provided a better fit on abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, respectively. The best fitted equation predicted that the maximum growth rate of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness occurred at d 28. FCSM had no significant effects on the shape of growth curve of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness, but reduced the height of the curve. Birds receiving the 6FCSM diet for 21 d had smaller adipocyte surface and lower serum glucose as well as triglyceride concentration. Conclusion: FCSM is beneficial for broiler chickens as it positively affects their growth and carcass in addition to altering their fat deposition. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens.Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by <i>Candida tropicalis</i> until 42 days old. In the experiment, the chickens of the control group were fed soybean meal.Results: FCSM supplementation linearly decreased the feed conversion ratio from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of carcass and semi-eviscerate increased in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at d 21 (p<0.05). The percentage of eviscerated and semi-eviscerate of 3FCSM was higher than that in other groups at d 35 (p<0.05). At the age of 42 d, the percentage of carcass increased in a quadratic way among increasing FCSM in diets (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat thickness linearly decreased with the increasing levels of FCSM at d 21 (p<0.05). Gompertz and Logistic functions provided a better fit on abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, respectively. The best fitted equation predicted that the maximum growth rate of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness occurred at d 28. FCSM had no significant effects on the shape of growth curve of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness, but reduced the height of the curve. Birds receiving the 6FCSM diet for 21 d had smaller adipocyte surface and lower serum glucose as well as triglyceride concentration.Conclusion: FCSM is beneficial for broiler chickens as it positively affects their growth and carcass in addition to altering their fat deposition.