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Protective Effects of Natrii Sulfas on Cerebral Focal Ischemia Induced by MCAO in Rats.
Sohn, Youngjoo,Kang, Ho Chang,Kim, Kon Sik,Park, Sun-Min,Sohn, Nak-Won,Jung, Hyuk-Sang,Kim, Sung-Hoon Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2009 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol.37 No.2
<P>This study examined the effect of Natrii sulfas, a treatment for stroke patients suffering constipation in Oriental medicine, on the physiological indices and brain edema of rats. Brain edema was induced by a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), Natrii sulfas was administered after the MCAO. At 3, 6, 15, 24, and 48 hours after reperfusion, the physiological indices such as the fecal weight, urine volume and water content in the stools were assessed. The edema index was measured 48 hours after reperfusion. At 48 hours, the expressions of iNOS, MMP9, VEGF, GFAP, Bax, Bcl-2, c-Fos, and HSP72 positive astrocytes were observed on the brain tissues by immunohistochemistry. Natrii sulfas significantly improved the decrease in fecal weight, urine volume and water content in the stool caused by the ischemic insult (p < 0.05) and attenuated the brain edema caused by the ischemia insult (p < 0.05). Natrii sulfas significantly down-regulated iNOS and MMP9 expressions and attenuated the astrocyte swelling due to brain edema in the penumbra of the cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Natrii sulfas reduced the excess Bax and HSP72 expressions in ischemic brain, which was statistically significant in the penumbra of the cerebral cortex but not in the caudate putamen. These results suggest Natrii sulfas has a protective effect on ischemia-induced brain edema and improves the physiological symptoms.</P>
Kwon, Youngjoo,Sohn, Sung-Hwa,Lee, Gihyun,Kim, Youngeun,Lee, Hyejung,Shin, Minkyu,Bae, Hyunsu Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2012 No.-
<P>A mouse pulmonary hypersensitivity experimental model that mimics human asthma was developed, and electroacupuncture (EA) treatment was shown to reduce allergic inflammatory processes. In addition, we also assessed whether the beneficial effects of EA on allergic asthma could be correlated with CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP>Foxp3<SUP>+</SUP> regulatory T cells (Treg). Cellular profiles and histopathologic analysis demonstrated that peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrates were significantly decreased in the EA-treated groups when compared to the OVA and anti-CD25 Ab-injected (Treg depletion) groups. Furthermore, total BAL cells were reduced in the EA groups when compared to other groups. Interestingly, the population of CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP>Foxp3<SUP>+</SUP>Tregs in pneumonocytes increased in EA-treated group when compared to OVA and Treg depletion groups. These results imply that EA stimulation at ST 36 may affect CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP>Foxp3<SUP>+</SUP> Treg in an OVA-induced experimental model and may enhance Treg function by suppressing other T cells and limiting the immune response.</P>
Lee, Kyungjin,Sohn, Youngjoo,Lee, Min-Jung,Cho, Hyun-Sam,Jang, Min-Hee,Han, Na-Young,Shin, Kyu-Won,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Cho, Ik-Hyun,Bu, Youngmin,Jung, Hyuk-Sang Informa Healthcare 2012 Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology Vol.34 No.4
<P>The root of <I>Angelica acutiloba</I> is a widely used herbal medicine which has been used as a typical therapeutic for allergic diseases in traditional medicine. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of <I>A. acutiloba</I> on allergic reactions in <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> models and its mechanism of action. <I>A. acutiloba</I> was extracted by maceration with 80% ethanol (AAE) and standardized by high-performance liquid chromatography. We investigated the effect of AAE on phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-induced cytokine release; phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 in human mast cell-1 (HMC-1); and compound 48/80-induced release of histamine in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). We also investigated the effects on Evans blue (EB) extravasation induced by anti-DNP IgE in rats. Treatment with 1, 10 and 100 μg/ml AAE concentration-dependently inhibited the release of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL) -6, and IL-8) and phosphorylation of ERK and JNK induced by PMACI in HMC-1 cells, but it did not inhibit the phosphorylation of p38. It also inhibited compound 48/80-induced histamine release in RPMCs. Oral administration of 271 mg/kg AAE inhibited EB extravasation in a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis rat model. In conclusion, AAE inhibited mast cell-derived allergic reactions by inhibiting the release of histamine, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK.</P>
Self-organized wrinkling patterns of a liquid crystalline polymer in surface wetting confinement
Na, Jun-Hee,Kim, Se-Um,Sohn, Youngjoo,Lee, Sin-Doo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 SOFT MATTER Vol.11 No.24
<P>Self-organized wrinkling patterns of a liquid crystalline polymer, dictated by the chemico-physically anisotropic nature of surface wettability, are demonstrated in confined geometries. The symmetry of the geometrical constraints of the confinement primarily governs the periodic wrinkling patterns of such a polymer in the wetting region. In a circular geometry, the number of the radial domains with multi-fold symmetries is linearly proportional to the radius of the confinement. The physical origin of the wrinkling process comes from the periodic bend-splay distortions through the relaxation of the curvature elasticity.</P>
Effect of dipsaci radix on hind limb muscle atrophy of sciatic nerve transected rats.
Jung, Hyuk-Sang,Noh, Chung-Ku,Ma, Sun-Ho,Hong, Eun Ki,Sohn, Nak-Won,Kim, Yoon-Bum,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Sohn, Youngjoo Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2009 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol.37 No.6
<P>It was reported that Dipsaci radix (DR) has a reinforcement effect on the bone-muscle dysfunction in the oriental medical classics and the experimental animal studies. The muscle atrophy was induced by unilateral transection of the sciatic nerve of the rats. Water-extract of DR was used as treatment once a day for 12 days. The muscle weights of the hind limb, atrophic changes, glycogen contents, compositions and cross-section areas of muscle fiber types in soleus and medial gastrocnemius were investigated. Muscle fiber type was classified to type-I and type-II with MHCf immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, Bax and Bcl-2 expressions were observed with immunohistochemiatry. DR treatment significantly increased muscle weights of soleus, medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, and posterior tibialis of the damaged hind limb. DR treatment reduced apoptotic muscle nuclei and hyaline-degenerated muscle fibers in soleus and medial gastrocnemius of the damaged hind limb. DR treatment also significantly increased glycogen contents in medial gastrocnemius of the damaged hind limb. DR treatment significantly attenuated the slow-to-fast shift in soleus of the damaged hind limb but not in medial gastrocnemius. DR treatment significantly increased cross-section areas of type-I and type-II fibers in soleus and medial gastrocnemius of the damaged hind limb. In soleus and medial gastrocnemius, DR treatment significantly reduced Bax positive muscle nuclei in the damaged hind limb. These results suggest that DR treatment has an anti-atrophic effect and an anti-apoptotic effect against myonuclear apoptosis induced by the peripheral nerve damage.</P>