A Survey of Secure Data Deduplication Schemes for Cloud Storage Systems

Shin, Youngjoo,Koo, Dongyoung,Hur, Junbeom Association for Computing Machinery 2017 ACM computing surveys Vol.49 No.4

<P>Data deduplication has attracted many cloud service providers (CSPs) as a way to reduce storage costs. Even though the general deduplication approach has been increasingly accepted, it comes with many security and privacy problems due to the outsourced data delivery models of cloud storage. To deal with specific security and privacy issues, secure deduplication techniques have been proposed for cloud data, leading to a diverse range of solutions and trade-offs. Hence, in this article, we discuss ongoing research on secure deduplication for cloud data in consideration of the attack scenarios exploited most widely in cloud storage. On the basis of classification of deduplication system, we explore security risks and attack scenarios from both inside and outside adversaries. We then describe state-of-the-art secure deduplication techniques for each approach that deal with different security issues under specific or combined threat models, which include both cryptographic and protocol solutions. We discuss and compare each scheme in terms of security and efficiency specific to different security goals. Finally, we identify and discuss unresolved issues and further research challenges for secure deduplication in cloud storage.</P>

Efficient and Secure File Deduplication in Cloud Storage

SHIN, Youngjoo,KIM, Kwangjo 'Institute of Electronics, Information and Communi 2014 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.97e.d No.2

조선 후기 의궤 사수도의 변화-재궁가칠의 시행과 그 영향을 중심으로-

신영주 ( Shin Youngjoo ) 동양미술사학회 2024 동양미술사학 Vol.18 No.-

사수도(四獸圖)는 각각 동ㆍ서ㆍ남ㆍ북을 상징하는 청룡(靑龍)ㆍ백호(白虎)ㆍ주작(朱雀)ㆍ현무(玄武) 네 신수(神獸)를 그린 그림이다. 사수도는 4~5세기 고구려 고분 벽화에서 나타나기 시작하여 조선시대까지 장의 미술을 대표하는 화재(畫材)로 소용되었다. 삼국시대 고분과 고려시대 석관을 장식하던 사수도는 유교적 상장례가 정착되고 묘제가 변화한 조선시대까지 전례되어 왕과 왕비의 재궁(梓宮)이 머무는 망자의 공간을 수호하였다. 재궁을 안치하는 공간에 배설하는 사수도는 망자의 공간을 수호하는 전통적인 의미에 더해 상장례의 위격을 가르는 대표적인 시각물로, 전례(典例)의 의궤를 철저하게 상고하여 그려야 하는 전통적이고 보수적인 도상이었다. 그러나 현전하는 흉례도감의궤(凶禮都監儀軌)에서는 다양한 도상의 사수도가 확인된다는 점에 주목할 필요가 있다. 조선 중기까지 찬궁(攢宮)은 현실 세계와 망자의 공간을 완벽하게 분리하던 밀폐된 공간이었다. 그러나 현종대 이후 재궁가칠(梓宮加漆)이 의례화되면서 찬궁은 언제나 개폐 가능한 열린 공간으로 변화한다. 이러한 변화는 주술적 의미가 강하게 남아있던 사수도를 외부에 지속적으로 노출시켜, 비공개성이라는 사수도의 성격이 크게 바뀌는 계기가 되었다. 효종의 국장을 계기로 재궁 자체의 기능은 더욱 강화되고, 동시에 찬궁의 기능은 약화되어 갔다. 이후 숙종 연간 5번의 국상을 치르며 빈전(殯殿)이 설치된 기간 동안 재궁에 가칠을 하는 의례가 정례화되어갔고, 재궁가칠로 인하여 찬궁의 기능과 형태 또한 변화하게 된다. 이렇듯 사수도가 배설되던 공간의 변화는 사수도 도상뿐만 아니라 전통적 상징 의미와 위상의 변화를 야기했다. 영조 연간 국가의례 정비와 의례서 편찬 사업으로 사수도는 왕과 왕비의 상장례에서만 사용되는 의물(儀物)로 상장례의 위격을 가르는 대표적인 시각물로서 기능하였다. 그러나 의례가 체계적으로 정리되고 형식적으로 변해감에 따라 망자를 수호하는 사신(四神)에서 의례의 일부이자 찬궁 내부의 방위를 표시하는 서수(瑞獸)로 그 지위가 변화하게 된다. 이러한 변화는 영조대 백호, 주작, 현무의 도상이 실존하는 호랑이, 새, 거북과 같은 모습으로 변화한 현상과 더불어 정조대까지 목차와 관계없이 의궤의 맨 앞면에 그려졌던 사수도가 순조 즉위 이후부터는 조성소의궤(造成所儀軌)에 그려진 것을 통해서도 유추해 볼 수 있다. 그럼에도 사수도는 상장례의 위격을 가르는 대표적인 시각물로 의례 과정에서 지속적으로 소용되었다. 정조의 사친(私親)인 사도세자(思悼世子)와 혜경궁(惠慶宮), 순조의 사친인 가순궁(嘉順宮)의 원소도감의궤(園所都監儀軌)와 빈궁혼궁도감의궤(殯宮魂宮都監儀軌)에서는 예장(禮葬)의 위격에 맞지 않는 찬궁과 사수도 도설이 확인된다. 의궤 속 화려한 채색 도설로 남아있는 사수도는 어떤 기록보다도 왕의 사친의 상장례가 일반적인 예장과 달랐음을 보여주는 뚜렷한 시각적 전거(典據)가 되었을 것이다. This study aims to illuminate the trends of iconographies in the paintings of the ‘four auspicious beasts(Sasu 四獸, also known as Sashin 四神)’ that adorn the royal coffin chamber(Changung 欑宮). These paintings solely remain as illustrations of the royal protocol(Uigwe 儀軌) for funerary rituals in the Joseon Dynasty. The depictions of the four auspicious beasts underwent modifications in tandem with changes in the funeral space. Therefore, this study sheds light on alterations in funeral rites and changes in the funeral space as well. Sasudo(四獸圖) is a collection of paintings featuring four auspicious beasts representing the four directions, with the Azure Dragon(靑龍), White Tiger(白虎), Vermilion Bird(朱雀), and Black Tortoise(玄武) symbolizing east, west, south, and north, respectively. These four auspicious beasts have been found in tomb murals across the Korean Peninsula since the 4th to 5th century and were employed, albeit not commonly, as a theme in funerary art during the Joseon Dynasty. Sasudo, which used to decorate ancient tomb murals and the surfaces of sarcophagi, continued to be utilized in the Joseon Dynasty, even though it was not a prevalent practice, as Confucian funeral rites were established, and the grave system changed to lime-soil mixture barrier tombs. Sasudo, arranged within the space housing the coffins of kings and queens, portrays iconographies with a strong authenticity, created in compliance with royal protocols. It serves as a representative visual symbol of the magnificence of royal funeral rites, in addition to its traditional meaning of safeguarding the space of the dead. However, the Sasudo paintings depicted in the royal protocols for funerary rituals, which have been handed down to date, have evolved into various types of iconographies under the influence of changing trends in funeral rites and the structure of the royal coffin. A large-scale overhaul and compilation of the standard state ritual protocols during the reign of Yeongjo upgraded the function of Sasudo to a representative visual object exclusively reserved for use in royal funeral rites for kings and queens, symbolizing royal magnificence. However, with the systematic regularization and formalization of state rituals, the status of the four auspicious beasts in the Sasudo changed from deities protecting the dead to four divine symbols indicating the four directions within the royal coffin chamber. These changes can also be inferred from the phenomenon of iconographic convergence during the reign of Yeongjo, in which the depictions of the four auspicious beasts changed to portrayals of actual animals such as a tiger, bird, and turtle. Additionally, their position in the protocol book shifted from the front to the middle during the reign of King Sunjo.

사고 현장 실시간 실내 인명 위치확인 및 구조대응 연구

고영주(Youngjoo Ko),신용범(Yongbeom Shin),유상우(Sangwoo Yoo),신동일(Dongil Shin) 한국가스학회 2021 한국가스학회지 Vol.25 No.3

본 연구는 스마트폰 Wi-Fi AP를 이용한 건축물내 구조대상자 위치정보 수집을 통해서 사고 현장대응에 활용할 수 있는 방안을 제안하고 그 효용성에 대해 분석하였다. 8개 건축물 지점에서 평균 30회 이상 Wi-Fi AP 네이밍 위치 확인 및 전파세기를 측정하도록 위치 측위 서버에 요청하고, 수신된 측위 결과 좌표값을 분석하는 방식으로 위치정보의 정확도와 오차범위를 확인하였다. 기존 기지국 기반 위치 오차값 263m에 대비해 최대 93% 이상 범위를 축소할 수 있었고, 8개 지점의 최소‧최대 오차값은 4.137m ~ 14.037m, 평균오차는 9.525m로 확인되었다. 위치정보 유무에 따라 인명구조에 소요되는 시간을 3가지 상황에 대해 비교한 결과, 화재진압 및 인명구조에 소요되는 측정시간 결과는 위치정보가 정확하게 소방대원에게 제공되었을 경우 구조 활동에 소요되는 시간이 10분 50초로 나타났으나, 위치정보가 전혀 없는 경우 45분 이상 소요되었다. 스마트폰 Wi-Fi AP을 이용하여 건축물 내 구조대상자 위치정보를 정확하게 구조대원에게 제공함을 통해, 사고 현장에서 탐색에 소요되는 시간을 단축시킴으로써, 인명구조 및 골든타임 확보에 제안 시스템이 효과적인 것으로 분석되었다. In this study, the on-site location identification and response system was proposed by accurately checking the location information of rescue requesters in the buildings using the smartphone Wi-Fi AP. The location server was requested to measure the strength of the Wi-Fi AP at least 25 times at 8 different building location points. And the accuracy of the position and the error range were checked by analyzing the coordinate values of the received positions. In addition, the response time was measured by changing the conditions of location information in three groups to compare the response time for saving lives with and without location information. The minimum and maximum error values for the eight cases were found to be at least 4.137 m and up to 14.037 m, respectively, with an average error of 9.525 m. Compared to the base transceiver station (BTS) based position error value of 263m, the range could be reduced by up to 93%. When the location information was given, it took 10 minutes and 50 seconds to save lives; however, when there was no location information at all, rescue process took more than 45 minutes. From this research effort, it was analyzed that the acquisition of the location information of rescuees in the building using the smartphone Wi-Fi AP approach is effective in reducing the life-saving time for on-site responses.

CPU 마이크로아키텍처 보안 기술 연구 동향

신영주(Youngjoo Shin) 한국정보보호학회 2020 情報保護學會誌 Vol.30 No.6

CPU 마이크로아키텍처는 하드웨어 자원을 공유하거나 투기적 실행과 비순차 실행 등 파이프라인 효율을 극대화하는 방법을 통해 성능 최적화를 달성한다. 그러나 보안을 고려하지 않은 설계 구조로 인해 마이크로아키텍처에 심각한 보안 취약점들을 내포하고 있으며 이는 각종 시스템 보호 메커니즘들을 무력화할 수 있는 시스템 공격으로 이어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 CPU 마이크로아키텍처의 취약점 및 이를 활용한 공격 기술을 소개하고 최근 주요 보안 학술대회에서 발표된 관련 논문들을 중심으로 최신 연구 동향을 살펴본다.

분산 스토리지 시스템에서 데이터 중복제거를 위한 정보분산 알고리즘 및 소유권 증명 기법

신영주(Youngjoo Shin) 한국정보보호학회 2015 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.25 No.1

저장된 데이터에 대한 높은 가용성과 기밀성을 보장하는 정보분산 알고리즘은 클라우드 스토리지 등 장애 발생 비율이 높고 신뢰할 수 없는 분산 스토리지 시스템에서 유용한 방법이다. 스토리지에 저장되는 데이터의 양이 증가하면서 IT 자원을 효율적으로 활용하기 위한 데이터 중복제거기법이 많은 주목을 받고 있으며 이에 따라 데이터 중복제거가 가능한 정보분산기법에 대한 연구도 필요한 시점이다. 본 논문은 분산 스토리지 시스템에서 클라이언트 기반 중복 제거를 위한 정보분산 알고리즘과 소유권 증명 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 저장공간 뿐만 아니라 네트워크 대역 절감이 가능하여 높은 효율성을 얻을 수 있으며 신뢰할 수 없는 스토리지 서버와 악의적인 클라이언트로부터 안전성을 보장할 수 있다. Information dispersal algorithm guarantees high availability and confidentiality for data and is one of the useful solutions for faulty and untrusted dispersed storage systems such as cloud storages. As the amount of data stored in storage systems increases, data deduplication which allows to save IT resources is now being considered as the most promising technology. Hence, it is necessary to study on an information dispersal algorithm that supports data deduplication. In this paper, we propose an information dispersal algorithm and proof of ownership for client-side data deduplication in the dispersed storage systems. The proposed solutions allow to save the network bandwidth as well as the storage space while giving robust security guarantee against untrusted storage servers and malicious clients.

Restoration of Declined Immune Responses and Hyperlipidemia by Rubus occidenalis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

( Youngjoo Lee ),( Jiyeon Kim ),( Jinho An ),( Sungwon Lee ),( Heetae Lee ),( Hyunseok Kong ),( Youngcheon Song ),( Hye Ran Choi ),( Ji-wung Kwon ),( Daekeun Shin ),( Chong-kil Lee ),( Kyungjae Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.2

Hyperlipidemia, which is closely associated with a fatty diet and aging, is commonly observed in the western and aged society. Therefore, a novel therapeutic approach for this disease is critical, and an immunological view has been suggested as a novel strategy, because hyperlipidemia is closely associated with inflammation and immune dysfunction. In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of Rubus occidentalis (RO) in obese mice were investigated using immunological indexes. The mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce hyperlipidemia, which was confirmed by biochemical analysis and examination of the mouse physiology. Two different doses of RO and rosuvastatin, a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor used as a control, were orally administered. Disturbances in immune cellularity as well as lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production were significantly normalized by oral administration of RO, which also decreased the elevated serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level and total cholesterol. The specific immune-related actions of RO comprised considerable improvement in cytotoxic T cell killing functions and regulation of antibody production to within the normal range. The immunological evidence confirms the significant cholesterol-lowering effect of RO, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia and associated immune decline.

Vulnerable Women’s Heart and Mind

YoungJoo Park,Nah-Mee Shin,SookJa Lee,Jeewon Youn,MyungHyun Nam 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

ROMIAE (Rule-Out Acute Myocardial Infarction Using Artificial Intelligence Electrocardiogram Analysis) trial study protocol: a prospective multicenter observational study for validation of a deep learning–based 12-lead electrocardiogram analysis model f

Shin Tae Gun,Lee Youngjoo,Kim Kyuseok,Lee Min Sung,Kwon Joon-myoung 대한응급의학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.10 No.4

Objective Based on the development of artificial intelligence (AI), an emerging number of methods have achieved outstanding performances in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using an electrocardiogram (ECG). However, AI-ECG analysis using a multicenter prospective design for detecting AMI has yet to be conducted. This prospective multicenter observational study aims to validate an AI-ECG model for detecting AMI in patients visiting the emergency department.Methods Approximately 9,000 adult patients with chest pain and/or equivalent symptoms of AMI will be enrolled in 18 emergency medical centers in Korea. The AI-ECG analysis algorithm we developed and validated will be used in this study. The primary endpoint is the diagnosis of AMI on the day of visiting the emergency center, and the secondary endpoint is a 30-day major adverse cardiac event. From March 2022, patient registration has begun at centers approved by the institutional review board.Discussion This is the first prospective study designed to identify the efficacy of an AI-based 12-lead ECG analysis algorithm for diagnosing AMI in emergency departments across multiple centers. This study may provide insights into the utility of deep learning in detecting AMI on electrocardiograms in emergency departments.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05435391. Registered on June 28, 2022.

Restoration of Declined Immune Responses and Hyperlipidemia by Rubus occidenalis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Lee, Youngjoo,Kim, Jiyeon,An, Jinho,Lee, Sungwon,Lee, Heetae,Kong, Hyunseok,Song, Youngcheon,Choi, Hye Ran,Kwon, Ji-Wung,Shin, Daekeun,Lee, Chong-Kil,Kim, Kyungjae The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.2

Hyperlipidemia, which is closely associated with a fatty diet and aging, is commonly observed in the western and aged society. Therefore, a novel therapeutic approach for this disease is critical, and an immunological view has been suggested as a novel strategy, because hyperlipidemia is closely associated with inflammation and immune dysfunction. In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of Rubus occidentalis (RO) in obese mice were investigated using immunological indexes. The mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce hyperlipidemia, which was confirmed by biochemical analysis and examination of the mouse physiology. Two different doses of RO and rosuvastatin, a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor used as a control, were orally administered. Disturbances in immune cellularity as well as lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production were significantly normalized by oral administration of RO, which also decreased the elevated serum tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ level and total cholesterol. The specific immune-related actions of RO comprised considerable improvement in cytotoxic T cell killing functions and regulation of antibody production to within the normal range. The immunological evidence confirms the significant cholesterol-lowering effect of RO, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia and associated immune decline.