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장경자,임유성 경복대학 2000 京福論叢 Vol.4 No.-
태양은 우리의 삶에 필수적이다. 그러나 오늘날 CFC가 지구상의 생물체를 보호하는 오존층을 파괴하고 있다. 따라서 지상에 도달하는 태양광선의 양과 강도가 증가하고 있다. 몬트리올 의정서에 의해 CFC의 생산과 사용이 제한되고 있으나, 이미 사용되어 성층권에 존재하는 CFC가 사라지는데는 오랜 기간이 필요하다. 태양광선을 완전히 차단하기는 불가능하므로 피부에 대한 자외선의 효과와 자외선으로부터 피부를 보호할 수 있는 적절한 방법을 알아야 한다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 내용을 포함한다. - 지구상의 태양광선의 양과 강도를 변화시키는 다양한 요소들 - 멜라노 타입에 따른 개인의 피부보호 능력과 광민감도 - 피부에 미치는 자외선의 즉각적, 지연된, 장기적인 효과 - 자외선에 대한 적절한 피부 보호 본 연구는 아래와 같이 결론지어 진다. 같은 환경아래서도 태양광선은 개인에 따라 다른 효과를 나타낸다. 이는 개개인의 멜라노 타입과 광민감도가 다르기 때문이다. 오존층파괴로 더 많은 자외선이 지상에 도달하고 현재로선 태양광선에 과도한 노출을 피하고 적절한 보호 방법을 취하는 것이 필요하다. 결국, 적절한 보호를 취하기 위해서는 개인의 멜라노 타입과 광민감도를 인지하는 것이 중요하다 하겠다. The sun is essential to our lives. But, at present the CFC's are depleting the ozone layer that protect the biological beings on the earth. In consequence the quality and the intensity of the solar radiation is increasing on the surface of the earth. In accordance with the Montreal Protocol the production and use of the CFC is limited 3ut it takes a long time for already used CFCs in the stratosphere to disappear. It is impossible to completely avoid solar radiation. Thus it is important to know the effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on human skin and appropriate actions people should take for protections against it. The contents of the study are as follows ; - the various factors modifying the quality and the intensity of solar radiation on the surface of the earth, - the protection capacity of skin and solar sensitivity of subjects according to the melanotype, - the immediate, delayed and long-term effects of solar UV radiation in human skin, - the appropriate protections for human ski1 against solar UV radiation. In conclusion this study disclosed followings ; At the same environmental conditions, the solar radiation effects are different for each individual, because of different melanotype and different solar sensitivity. Ozone depletion delivers more ultraviolet radiation to the surface of the earth and there is no safe way to tan at present. It is necessary to avoid overexposure or excess sunlight, and to take appropriate protections. Finally, it is important to recognize melanotype and solar sensitivity of subjects in order to get available protections.
You Lim Kim,Suk Min Lee,Hyun-Soo Lee,Juyeong Song,Si-On Song,Min-Ji Seol,Yu-Mi Jang,Jin-Sik Im,Ji-Woo Im 물리치료재활과학회 2018 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.7 No.3
Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the influence of smartphone usage on the upper limb muscles while in stable and unstable positions and during gait. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was conducted with 20 right-handed university students between 20 and 27 years of age. Experiments were carried out on students who have used cell phones for more than a year. In this study, experiments were performed with one-handed and two-handed smartphone operations while on stable ground, and the same parameters were measured during smartphone use on unstable ground and during gait. Subjects were instructed to write a text message in Korean on the smartphone for 3 minutes. This was repeated 3 times, with a rest period of 10 seconds given between each 3-minute period. Electromyography was used to record the muscle activity of the upper trapezius, extensor carpi radialis, extensor pollicis longus, and abductor pollicis (AP) during phone operation. Results: The muscle activity value for the right AP in one-handed and the left-AP in two-handed operations was statistically higher than the other muscles in the stable position and during gait (p<0.0001). Also, the right AP in the one- handed operation condition was statistically higher than the two-handed condition (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The use of smartphones while in a stable position resulted in high muscle activity of the right upper limb AP. However, in an unstable position, there were no significant differences from the other muscle activities. Using smartphone while assuming various positions may lead to musculoskeletal disorders in different places.
Quinolone-resistant Shigella flexneri Isolated in a Patient Who Travelled to India
You La Jeon,You-sun Nam,Gayoung Lim,조선영,Yun-Tae Kim,Ji-Hyun Jang,Junyoung Kim,Misun Park,이희주 대한진단검사의학회 2012 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.32 No.5
We report a recent case in which ciprofloxacin-resistant Shigella flexneri was isolated from a 23-yr-old female patient with a history of travel to India. Prior to her admission to our internal medicine department, she experienced symptoms of high fever and generalized weakness from continuous watery diarrhea that developed midway during the trip. S. flexneri was isolated from the stool culture. Despite initial treatment with ciprofloxacin, the stool cultures continued to show S. flexneri growth. In the susceptibility test for antibiotics of the quinolone family, the isolate showed resistance to ciprofloxacin(minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC], 8 μg/mL), norfloxacin (MIC, 32 μg/mL), ofloxacin (MIC, 8 μg/mL),nalidixic acid (MIC, 256 μg/mL), and intermediate resistance to levofloxacin (MIC, 4 μg/mL). In molecular studies for quinolone resistance related genes, plasmid borne-quinolone resistance genes such as qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, qepA, and oqxAB were not detected. Two mutations were observed in gyrA (248C→T, 259G→A) and 1 mutation in parC (239G→T). The molecular characteristics of the isolated S. flexneri showed that the isolate was more similar to the strains isolated from the dysentery outbreak in India than those isolated from Korea.
You-Sub Kim,Kyung-Sub Moon,Gun-Woo Kim,Sang Chul Lim,Kyung-Hwa Lee,Woo-Youl Jang,Tae-Young Jung,In-Young Kim,Shin Jung 대한뇌종양학회 2015 Brain Tumor Research and Treatment Vol.3 No.2
Background Craniofacial resection (CFR) has been regarded as a standard treatment for various tumors involving the anterior skull base. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of CFR for the patients with anterior skull base malignancies in our hospital. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 17 patients with anterior skull base malignancies treated with CFR between 2001 and 2012. Mean follow-up duration was 41 months (range, 2–103 months). Results Intracranial involvement was found in 11 patients (65%) and orbital extension in 6 patients (35%). Classical bifrontal craniotomy was combined with endoscopic endonasal approach in 14 patients and external approach in 3 patients. Vascularized flap was used for reconstruction of the anterior fossa floor in 16 patients (94%). The most common pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (6 patients). Gross total resection was achieved in all cases. Postoperative complications developed in 4 patients (24%) and included local wound problem and brain abscess. One patient with liver cirrhosis died from unexpected varix bleeding after the operation. Although postoperative treatment, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy, was performed in 14 patients, local recurrence was seen in 6 patients. The mean overall survival time after the operation was 69.0 months (95% confidence interval: 47.5–90.5 months) with a 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rate of 82.3%, 76.5%, and 64.7%, respectively. Postoperative radiotherapy was found to be the powerful prognostic factor for favorable survival. Conclusion Considering the higher local control rate and acceptable complication or mortality rate, CFR with adjuvant radiotherapy is a gold standard treatment option for malignant tumors involving anterior skull base, especially with extensive intracranial involvement.
Jang You Jin,Min Bonggyu,Lim Jong Hyun,Kim Byung-Yong 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.9
Changes in the gut microbiome cause recolonization by pathogens and inflammatory responses, leading to the development of intestinal disorders. Probiotics administration has been proposed for many years to reverse the intestinal dysbiosis and to enhance intestinal health. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of two newly designed probiotic mixtures, Consti-Biome and SensiBiome, on two enteric pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli that may cause intestinal disorders. Additionally, the study was designed to evaluate whether Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome could modulate the immune response, produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and reduce gas production. Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome showed superior adhesion ratios to HT-29 cells and competitively suppressed pathogen adhesion. Moreover, the probiotic mixtures decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL1β. Cell-free supernatants (CFSs) were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of metabolites on growth and biofilms of pathogens. Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome CFSs exhibited antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity, where microscopic analysis confirmed an increase in the number of dead cells and the structural disruption of pathogens. Gas chromatographic analysis of the CFSs revealed their ability to produce SCFAs, including acetic, propionic, and butyric acid. SCFA secretion by probiotics may demonstrate their potential activities against pathogens and gut inflammation. In terms of intestinal symptoms regarding abdominal bloating and discomfort, Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome also inhibited gas production. Thus, these two probiotic mixtures have great potential to be developed as dietary supplements to alleviate the intestinal disorders.