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You‐Peng Lai,Ke Tao,Taiping Hou 한국곤충학회 2019 Entomological Research Vol.49 No.1
Evergestis extimalis (Scopoli) is a pest insect present in spring rape fields of the Qinghai–Tibet plateau. A survey of its distribution and analysis of its physiological and biochemical variances of its overwintering larvae were conducted in this study. Prior to 2006, Evergestis extimalis Scopli appeared only sporadically at the east agricultural district of Qinghai Province at 2,100 m elevation; after 2006, there have been frequent outbreaks at 2,200 m or so height. The insect's distribution has extended continuously toward higher altitudes yearly, and the scope of its damage reached 2,800 m height in 2010. These changes indicate that the cold hardiness of E. extimalis is on the rise. Physiological and biochemical analyses were performed for the insect's overwintering larvae from November 2011 to March 2012. The supercooling point (SCP) and freezing point (FP) ranged from −6.85°C to −12.49°C and from −6.23°C to −8.17°C, respectively, and both were at their respective lowest points in January 2012; the lowest points of water and fat contents (which did not vary to any extreme degree throughout the test period) were also observed in January 2012. Glycogen content varied from 2.42 mg/g to 4.56 mg/g. Protein content increased gradually at the first two months and reached its peak in January 2012 before dropping slightly. The activity of protective enzymes POD, CAT, and SOD varied with changes in environmental temperature, and each was at its lowest point in January 2012. With the exception of protein and glycerol content, other physiological and biochemical variances were generally parallel with environmental temperature, strongly indicating that E. extimalis has indeed developed cold hardiness.
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Liu Si‐Yu,Lai You‐Peng,Du Guang‐Zu,Chen Bin 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.11
Entomopathogenic fungi of Metarhizium spp., are one of the candidates for eco-friendly pest control instead of chemical control agents. But the development involved in producing a wide range of mycoinsecticides and application of biotechnology widely is restricted, usually due to the defect of slow action and sensitivity to environmental stresses. This study evaluates the tolerance of conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride Ma130821 to high temperature exposure, humidity level, ultraviolet radiation and the pathogenicity against larvae of Potosia brevitarsis Lewis under environmental stresses. Results showed that M. flavoviride Ma130821 had the higher tolerance ability to 40°C with continuous exposure for 24 h, the conidial germination rate was 54.00%, radial growth was 1.59 mm/day and sporulation was 9.37 × 106 conidia/cm2, the ability to desiccation with humidity of 53% (85.33%, 1.94 mm/d, 2.13 × 107 conidia/cm2), the ability of uvioresistant effect with 900 s radiation (98.11%, 0.91 mm/d, 8.87 × 106 conidia/cm2).Thedataofbioassayat artificial adverse condition had been fitted to the time–concentration–mortality (TCM) model. The cumulative mortality of P. brevitarsis larvae was 76.67% with conidial concentrations of 3.41 × 108 conidia/mL. The low lethal concentration (LC50) in 7 days after inoculation (DAI) and short lethal time (LT50) was 6.70 × 109 conidia/mL and 8.02 days, respectively. The mortality also reached to 73.33% at natural condition, with conidial concentration of 3.75 × 108 conidia/mL, but the LT50 delayed to 14.08 days. Our results demonstrate that entomopathogenic fungi M. flavoviride Ma130821, with significantly and superior antistress capacity and high virulence, could be considered a promising biocontrol agent against white grubs.
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