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불안에 대한 불안 : 불안장에 진단에 있어서의 새로운 시각 A new viewpoint in the diagnosis of anxiety disorders
최웅용 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 2001 社會科學硏究 Vol.9 No.2
최근 불안장애의 진단에 있어서 신체적 증상이나 파국적 사고 등과 같은 심리 내적 불안유발요인들이 중요하게 취급되고 있다. 이 요인들은 처음에는 주로 광장공포증이나 공황장애를 설명하기 위해서 사용되었지만, 새로운 연구결과들은 전반적인 불안장애의 진단을 위한 매우 일반적인 지표로서 사용할 수 있다는 사실을 밝혀주고 있다. 불안장애, 특히 광장공포증이나 공황장애에 시달리고 있는 사람들은 신체적으로 수반되는 불안증상들(예를 들어 심장박동의 증가나 호흡곤란 등)을 나타내고 이 증상들을 매우 위험한 것으로 평가하고 있다. 더욱이 이들은 불안과 신체증상들에서 오는 사회적 또는 자신의 건강과 관련된 부정적인 결과들에 대해서 많은 염려를 하게된다("불안에 대한 불안"). 이러한 "불안에 대한 불안"을 측정하는 신뢰성 있는 검사도구로는 BSQ, ACQ, 그리고 ASI 등이 있다. 이 논문에서는 이 검사들의 한국판에 대한 소개가 이루어진다. "불안에 대한 불안"척도는 습관적인 불안도(불안특질)와는 별개인 공포증적 불안과 회피행동에 대한 예견을 가능하게 해준다. 불안장애 환자들은 불안장애가 없는 환자집단이나 통제집단과 비교해볼 때 이 척도에서 높은 점수를 기록하고 있다. 공황장애 환자들은 다른 종류의 불안장애 환자들과 비교해서 특히 ACQ 내의 "신체적 위기에 대한 사고" 요인에 있어서 매우 높은 점수를 나타낸다. 전체적으로 볼 때 "불안에 대한 불안"이라는 개념은 공포증에 있어서의 회피행동을 설명하고 불안장애의 진단에 있어서 매우 유용한 정보를 제공해 주고 있다.
강용식,김원덕,주미숙 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1989 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.19 No.-
The silylation of sodium silicate, Water glass, for the preparation of new orqanic matters has been studied through silicic acid from commercial sodium silicate and organic silane. Sodium silicate was acidified by addition of diluted sulfuric acid carefully under prevention of gelation, and prepared silicic acid solution was extracted by tetrahydrofurane. finally trimethylsilylates was prepared by reaction of the silici acid and trimetylchlorosilane. The authers have investigated properties of the silylates through IR, ¹HNMR spectra, X-Ray diffraction, thermal analysis and gel chromatography. And it was clear that the molecular weight of the trimethylpolysiloxane 1000 to 1500, the decomposition temperature 390 to 410℃ and the melting point 80 to 150℃.
Wong Ru Xin,Li-lian Kwok,Wong Fuh Yong 한국유방암학회 2017 Journal of breast cancer Vol.20 No.2
Purpose: This study was undertaken to examine the impact of screening and race on breast cancer outcomes in Singapore. Methods: An institutional database was reviewed, and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) data were analyzed separately. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were assessed. Results: The study included 6,180 IDC and 1,031 DCIS patients. The median follow-up time was 4.1 years. Among IDC patients, Malay women were the youngest when first diagnosed, and were more likely to present with advanced stage disease. Malay women also had the highest proportion of T3 and T4 tumors at 14.2%, compared with Chinese women at 8.7% and Indian women at 9.6% (p<0.001). Malay women had a higher incidence of node-positive disease at 58.3% compared with Chinese women at 46.4% and Indian women at 54.9% (p<0.001). Malay subjects also had higher-grade tumors; 61.8% had grade 3 tumors compared with 45.8% of Chinese women and 52% of Indian women (p<0.001). Furthermore, tumors in Malay subjects were less endocrine-sensitive and more human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 enriched. Malay women had the lowest 5- and 10-year OS, DFS, and CSS rates (p<0.001). After separating clinically and screen-detected tumors, multivariate analysis showed that race was still significant for outcomes. For screen-detected tumors, the OS hazard ratio (HR) for Malay women compared to Chinese women was 5.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.64–12.64), the DFS HR was 2.18 (95% CI, 1.19–3.99), and the CSS HR was 5.93 (95% CI, 2.15–16.39). For DCIS, there were no statistically significant differences in the tumor size, grade, histology subtypes, or hormone sensitivity. Conclusion: Malay race is a poor prognostic factor in both clinically and screen-detected IDC. Special attention should be given to the detection and follow-up of breast cancer in this group.
An Evaluation of Energy Saving Measures for Ocean Going Vessels
Yong Wong Kim,Dal Won Kang,Ki Chan Nam,Hyung sik Nam 한국항해항만학회 2015 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.39 No.2
This paper analyzes and evaluates the importance of energy saving measures based on qualitative survey. Through literature review and group interviews with specialists, 4 factors, 13 measures for energy savings, and 4 evaluation criteria were selected to carry out an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis. At the first stage of AHP analysis, the importance of factors was derived, and then the importance of 13 measures. Lastly, the cross examination of 4 factors was carried out in order to evaluate the best possible qualitative considerations. The result revealed that 'choosing the best course weather', is the most important factor with the highest value on applicability and operational complexity criteria. These results may imply that operational considerations are regarded as a main factor to be taken into account when considering appropriate energy saving measures.
An Evaluation of Energy Saving Measures for Ocean Going Vessels
Yong-Wong Kim,Dal-Won Kang․,Ki-Chan Nam,Hyung-sik Nam 한국항해항만학회 2015 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.39 No.2
This paper analyzes and evaluates the importance of energy saving measures based on qualitative survey. Through literature review and group interviews with specialists, 4 factors, 13 measures for energy savings, and 4 evaluation criteria were selected to carry out an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis. At the first stage of AHP analysis, the importance of factors was derived, and then the importance of 13 measures. Lastly, the cross examination of 4 factors was carried out in order to evaluate the best possible qualitative considerations. The result revealed that 'choosing the best course weather', is the most important factor with the highest value on applicability and operational complexity criteria. These results may imply that operational considerations are regarded as a main factor to be taken into account when considering appropriate energy saving measures.
An Evaluation of Energy Saving Measures for Ocean Going Vessels
Kim, Yong-Wong,Kang, Dal-Won,Nam, Ki-Chan,Nam, Hyung-Sik Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research 2015 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.39 No.2
This paper analyzes and evaluates the importance of energy saving measures based on qualitative survey. Through literature review and group interviews with specialists, 4 factors, 13 measures for energy savings, and 4 evaluation criteria were selected to carry out an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis. At the first stage of AHP analysis, the importance of factors was derived, and then the importance of 13 measures. Lastly, the cross examination of 4 factors was carried out in order to evaluate the best possible qualitative considerations. The result revealed that 'choosing the best course weather', is the most important factor with the highest value on applicability and operational complexity criteria. These results may imply that operational considerations are regarded as a main factor to be taken into account when considering appropriate energy saving measures.