http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Odevall, Lina,Hong, Deborah,Digilio, Laura,Sahastrabuddhe, Sushant,Mogasale, Vittal,Baik, Yeongok,Choi, Seukkeun,Kim, Jerome H.,Lynch, Julia Elsevier Science 2018 Vaccine Vol.36 No.45
<P>Cholera, a diarrheal disease primarily affecting vulnerable populations in developing countries, is estimated to cause disease in more than 2.5 million people and kill almost 100,000 annually. An oral cholera vaccine (OCV) has been available globally since 2001; the demand for this vaccine from affected countries has however been very low, due to various factors including vaccine price and mode of administration. The low demand for the vaccine and limited commercial incentives to invest in research and development of vaccines for developing country markets has kept the global supply of OCVs down. Since 1999, the International Vaccine Institute has been committed to make safe, effective and affordable OCVs accessible. Through a variety of partnerships with collaborators in Sweden, Vietnam, India and South Korea, and with public and private funding, IVI facilitated development and production of two affordable and WHO-prequalified OCVs and together with other stakeholders accelerated the introduction of these vaccines for the global public-sector market.</P>
Kim, Kiju,Shim, Junho,Park, Soyeon,Park, Bokyoung,Cho, Youngjae,Hur, Byungung,Kang, Seon-A,Choi, Seuk-Keun,Baik, Yeongok,Hahn, Tae-Wook 대한미생물학회 2014 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.44 No.1
Typhoid fever, a serious systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, breaks out in developing countries. However, existing vaccines only induce relatively low protective effects with humoral responses and do not stimulate secondary immune response, especially to young people. The objective of this study is to evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine containing virulence capsular polysaccharide (Vi) conjugated with the optimal ratios of non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin ($CRM_{197}$) in mice. Six-week-old BALB/c female mice were injected intraperitoneally three times at intervals of 14 days and sera were collected on days 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 post-injection. The efficacy of the vaccine was evaluated by comparing between negative control group injected with PBS and vaccine groups injected with Vi or Vi-$CRM_{197}$ conjugate of different ratio. Vi and $CRM_{197}$-specific antibody responses were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The result showed that Vi-$CRM_{197}$-1 group revealed the highest and significant Vi-specific IgG immune responses among the other groups and Vi group (p < 0.01). In conclusion, Vi-$CRM_{197}$-1 conjugate vaccine induced the highest humoral immune response in mice and may be used as an effective vaccine to replace the existing typhoid vaccine for infants under 2 years old.