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YeongHo Kim,Young Ho Kim,YiSeul Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a good model organism in various areas of biological science. Since D. melanogaster has been thought to be adapted to the chemical stress environment caused by the overripen, decay and fermented fruits, identification of the genes involved in chemical tolerance and investigation of their expression patterns are essential for better understanding of the physiological evolution in D. melanogaster. For investigation of the gene expression level, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) can be applied to quantify gene expression level and selection of reliable reference gene(s) for normalization is an accurate step. In the present study, therefore, we validated the expression stabilities of ten candidate reference genes using three softwares (geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper) in D. melanogaster exposed to different concentrations of acetic acid, ethanol and 2-phenylethanol. Although three programs resulted in slightly different gene stability ranks, but overall tbp encoding TATA box binding protein was most stable gene in acetic acid and ethanol exposed fly, while nd encoding NADH dehydrogenase was the most suitable reference gene in the case of 2-phenylethanol treatment. In the comparison of three chemical treatment condition, nd was also suggested to be most optimal reference gene. In addition, optimal number of reference gene for accurate normalization was calculated by geNorm pairwise analysis, and selection of multiple reference genes was suggested to be better for target gene normalization method than use of a single reference gene.
Noh, Kyeongchan,Kim, Minsu,Lee, Sang-Hyun,Yun, Hwang-Sik,Lim, Tae-Hyeon,Choi, Yeongho,Kim, Ki-Ju,Jiang, Yiran,Beom, Keonwon,Kim, Minju,Kim, Young-Gwang,Lee, Pilwoo,Oh, Nuri,Kim, Bong Hoon,Shin, Chansu Elsevier 2019 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.19 No.9
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aging of ZnO nanoparticles in quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) structures was studied. Coarsening of as-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles is observed in both solution and thin film structures, which potentially deteriorates the performance of QD-LED devices over time. First, the temperature effect on ZnO coarsening was investigated, and it was revealed that aging of ZnO nanoparticles is faster at higher temperature due to a diffusion-controlled mechanism of nanoparticle coarsening. To observe aggregation of ZnO in the film state, the electron transporting part (ZnO/Al) of the QD-LED structure was prepared. The current density of a ZnO film and an electron-only device (QD/ZnO between two electrodes) was also measured. Resistance of the film increased as a function of aging time, which corresponded with observations of the ZnO film by optical microscopy. Aggregation of ZnO nanoparticles was directly measured by the root-mean-square value using atomic force microscopy. Ethanolamine (EA) stabilizer was added to the ZnO solution to disperse the ZnO nanoparticles without aggregation. The effect of EA on the surface passivation of the ZnO found to suppress pinhole formation, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy observations. Finally, the device lifetime was measured for QD-LEDs with EA-stabilized ZnO to understand the effect of ZnO aging on long-term QD-LED device operation.</P>
천장관절 나사 고정술을 위한 컴퓨터 지원 수술 장치의 개발
염진섭,최원식,김하용,김환정,강종원,김영호,김형민,서동현,이석,이제범,김남국,김철영 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.1
목 적 : 천장관철의 경피적 나사 고정술을 위한 컴퓨터 지원 수술 장치를 개발하여, 그 정확도를 측정하여 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 광학 추적 장치(Polaris, Northern Digital, Canada)와 개인용 컴퓨터를 이용한 항법 장치를 개발하였다. 정확도 측정용 팬텀을 제작하여 복합 정합시의 정합 오차와 표적 지시 오차를 각각 30회씩 측정하였으며, 4개의 플라스틱 골반골 모델(Sawbone, USA)에 16개의 6.5 ㎜유관 나사를 삽입하여 정확히 삽입되었는지 여부를 호가인하였다. 결 과 : 정합 오차는 0.76±0.33㎜, 표적 지시 오차는 1.43±0.42㎜였다. 골반골 모델에 삽입한 16개의 나사는 모두 천장관절내에 삽입되었고, 피질골을 뚫고 나오거나 인접한 두 개의 나사나 와셔가 서로 충돌한 경우는 없었다. 결 론 : 개발된 컴퓨터 지원 수술 장치는 해외에서 개발된 장치와 유사한 정확도를 가지고 있었고, 골반골 모델을 이용한 모의 수술에서도 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다. Purpose : The purpose of this study were to develop a computer-assisted surgery system for percutaneous screw fixation of the sacro-iliac joint and to evaluate its accuracy. Materials and Methods : We have developed a navigation system composed of an optical tracking device(Polaris, Northern Digital, Canada) and a personal computer. The registration error and target localization error at hybrid registration were measured using a phantom. The errors were measured 30 times for each. Sixteen 6.5㎜ cannulated screws were inserted into four plastic bone models (Sawbones, USA), and the accuracy was evaluated. Results : The registration error was 0.76±0.33 ㎜, and the target localization error was 1.43±0.42 ㎜. All of the 16 screws were inserted well across the sacro-iliac joint, and there was neither penetration of the cortical bones nor collision between screws or washers. Conclusion : The accuracy of the developed system was similar to existing ones, and its usefulness and helpfulness was proven with screw insertion into plastic bone models.
YeongHo Kim,Young Ho Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.04
Drosophila melanogaster is mainly found in fermented and rotten fruits and is tolerant to chemicals emitted during the fermentation process. Its distinctive habitat suggests an evolutionary adaptation to environmental chemicals. In order to understand the physiological adaptation of D. melanogaster to the chemicals, we treated LC20 concentration of three chemicals (acetic acid, ethanol and 2-phenylethanol) and differential expression of the female whole body transcripts were compared with control fly (no chemical treatment). Compared to control fly, 94, 137 and 59 genes were up-regulated, while 85, 184 and 166 genes were down-regulated in acetic acid, 2-phenylethanol and ethanol treated flies, respectively. According to the KEGG enrichment analysis, genes categorized in metabolic pathway, Toll/IMD signaling pathway, lysosome and autophagy were ranked in the top groups of most changed gene sets after three chemical treatment. In addition, we selected 7 genes showing different expression levels in transcriptome analysis, and investigated their expression changes in the flies exposed to various concentration of three chemicals using quantitative PCR.