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Radiolabeled single-domain antibody for tumor receptor imaging
Yeajin Moon,이주영,Woonseok Ryoo,서승용 대한방사성의약품학회 2020 Journal of radiopharmaceuticals and molecular prob Vol.6 No.1
Recently, single-domain antibodies (sdAb) are bioengineered for molecular imaging applications. Singledomain antibody, obtained from naturally occurring antibodies in camelid species and cartilaginous fish is the smallest fully functional antigen-binding antibody fragments of heavy-chain. Since their discovery, they have been investigated extensively in clinical therapeutics, monitoring and diagnostics. Their small size is important advantage for high solubility, high stability, fast blood clearance and rapid targeting. This review article summarizes the recent status of this new antibody to visualize, diagnose or inhibit specific targets of cancer.
Radiolabeled single-domain antibody for tumor receptor imaging
Moon, Yeajin,Lee, Ju Young,Ryoo, Woonseok,Seo, Seung-Yong 대한방사성의약품학회 2020 Journal of radiopharmaceuticals and molecular prob Vol.6 No.1
Recently, single-domain antibodies (sdAb) are bioengineered for molecular imaging applications. Single-domain antibody, obtained from naturally occurring antibodies in camelid species and cartilaginous fish is the smallest fully functional antigen-binding antibody fragments of heavy-chain. Since their discovery, they have been investigated extensively in clinical therapeutics, monitoring and diagnostics. Their small size is important advantage for high solubility, high stability, fast blood clearance and rapid targeting. This review article summarizes the recent status of this new antibody to visualize, diagnose or inhibit specific targets of cancer.
PEO Film Formation Behavior of Al1050 Alloy Under Direct Current in an Alkaline Electrolyte
Sungmo Moon,Yeajin Kim 한국표면공학회 2017 한국표면공학회지 Vol.50 No.1
This work demonstrates arc generation and anodic film formation behaviors on Al1050 alloy during PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) treatment under a constant direct current in an alkaline electrolyte containing silicate, carbonate and borate ions. Only one big arc more than 2 mm diameter was generated first at the edges and it was moving on the fresh surface or staying occasionally at the edges, resulting in the local burning due to generation of an extremely big orange colored arc at the edges. Central region of the flat surface was not fully covered with PEO films even after sufficiently long treatment time because of the local burning problem. The anodic oxides formed on the flat surface by arcing once were found to consist of a number of small oxide nodules with spherical shape of 3~6 μm size and irregular shapes of about 5 ~10 μm width and 10~20 μm length. The anodic oxide nodules showed uniform thickness of about 3 μm and rounded edges. These experimental results suggest that one big arc observed on the specimen surface under the application of a constant direct current is composed of a number of small micro-arcs less than 20 μm size.
Sungmo Moon,Yeajin Kim,Cheolnam Yang 한국표면공학회 2017 한국표면공학회지 Vol.50 No.5
Anodic film formation behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy was studied as a function of NaOH concentration in 1 M Na₂CO₃ + 0.5 M Na₂SiO₃ solution under the application of a constant anodic current density, based on the analyses of voltage-time curves, surface appearances and morphologies of the anodically formed PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) films. The anodic film formation voltage and its fluctuations became largely lowered with increasing added NaOH concentration in the solution. Two different types of film defects, large size dark spots indented from the original surface and locally extruded white spots, were observed on the PEO-treated surface, depending on the concentration of added NaOH. The large size dark spots appeared only when added NaOH concentration is less than 0.2 M and they seem to result from the local detachments of porous PEO films. The white spots were observed to be very porous and locally extruded and their size became smaller with increasing added NaOH concentration. The white spot defects disappeared completely when more than 0.8 M NaOH is added in the solution. Concludingly it is suggested that the presence of enough concentration of OH- ions in the carbonate and silicate ion-containing electrolyte can prevent local thickening and/or detachment of the PEO films on the AZ31 Mg alloy surface and lower the PEO film formation voltage less than 70 V.
Sungmo Moon,Yeajin Kim 한국표면공학회 2016 한국표면공학회지 Vol.49 No.4
In this work, anodic oxidation behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy was studied as a function of Na₂CO₃ concentration in electrolyte by voltage-time curves and observation of surface appearances and morphologies after the anodic treatments, using optical microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The voltage-time curves of AZ31 Mg alloy surface and surface appearances after the anodic treatments showed three different regions with Na₂CO₃ concentration : region I, below 0.2 M Na₂CO₃ where shiny surface with a number of small size pits; region II, between 0.4 M and 0.6 M Na₂CO₃ where dark surface with relatively low number of large size burned or dark spots; region III, more than 0.8 M Na₂CO₃ where bright surface with or without large size dark spots were obtained. The anodically treated AZ31 Mg alloy surface became significantly brightened with increasing Na₂CO₃ concentration from 0.5 M to 0.8 M which was attribute to the formation of denser and smoother surface films. Pits and porous protruding reaction products were found at relatively large size and small size spots, respectively, on the AZ31 Mg alloy surface in low concentration of Na₂CO₃ less than 0.2 M. The formation of pits is attributed to the result of repetition of the formation and detachment of porous anodic reaction products. Based on the experimental results obtained in this work, it is concluded that more uniform, denser and smoother surface of AZ31 Mg alloy could be obtained at more than 0.8 M Na₂CO₃ concentration if there is no other oxide forming agent.
Lateral Growth of PEO Films on Al1050 Alloy in an Alkaline Electrolyte
Sungmo Moon,Yeajin Kim 한국표면공학회 2017 한국표면공학회지 Vol.50 No.1
This article reports for the first time on the lateral growth of PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) films on Al1050 alloy by the application of anodic pulse current in an alkaline electrolyte. Generation of microarcs was observed at the edges initially and then moved towards the central region with PEO treatment time. Disc type PEO film islands with about 20 μm diameter were formed first and they grew laterally by the formation of new disc type PEO films at the edge of pre-formed PEO islands. The PEO film islands were found to be interconnected completely and form a continuous PEO film when generation of small size microarcs are terminated at the central part of the specimen, resulting in very smooth surface with low surface roughness less than 1 μm of Ra. Further PEO treatment after the complete interconnection of PEO films islands showed local thickening of PEO films by vertical growth. It is concluded that very mooth PEO film surface can be obtained by lateral growth mechanism rather than vertical growth of them.