PRECISE RATES IN THE LAW OF THE LOGARITHM FOR THE MOMENT CONVERGENCE OF I.I.D. RANDOM VARIABLES

Pang, Tian-Xiao,Lin, Zheng-Yan,Jiang, Ye,Hwang, Kyo-Shin Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Let {$X,\;X_n;n{\geq}1$} be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables. Set $S_n=X_1+X_2+{\cdots}+X_n,\;M_n=\max_{k{\leq}n}|S_k|,\;n{\geq}1$. Then we obtain that for any -1<b<1/2, $\lim\limits_{{\varepsilon}{\searrow}0}\;{\varepsilon}^{2b+2}\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty\;{\frac {(log\;n)^b}{n^{3/2}}\;E\{M_n-{\varepsilon}{\sigma}\sqrt{n\;log\;n\}+=\frac{2\sigma}{(b+1)(2b+3)}\;E|N|^{2b+3}\sum\limits_{k=0}^\infty\;{\frac{(-1)^k}{(2k+1)^{2b+3}$ if and only if EX=0 and $EX^2={\sigma}^2<{\infty}$.

An Efficient Fire Detection Method Based on Orientation Feature

Mao Ye,Tao Li,Feng Pang,Haiyang Wang,Jian Ding 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2013 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.11 No.5

This paper proposes a novel method for reliable fire detection. The burning fire usually causes rich moving features in terms of directions, which can offer the best chance to distinguish between the fire region and the non-fire one. Motivated by this observation, we design a novel orientation feature to represent this characteristic. Based on this feature, a method is proposed to detect the fire efficiently. First, fire color is utilized to extract the fire candidate areas from the surveillance video. Then, the direction is obtained by computing the optical flow for each pixel in the candidate area. The directions are discretized to four parts. By counting the percentage of pixels whose moving directions fall into these four parts in a period of time, and combining with the two parameters, i.e., both of the number of frames without the moving directions and the number of consecutive frames in the candidate area, we use these six parameters as the fire orientation feature. In the end, by training a support vector machine (SVM) classifier with the input of our fire orientation feature, the candidate area is judged whether it is a fire. Our main contribution is that we design the novel fire orientation feature. The fea-ture can not only characterize the fire intrinsic dynamic properties accurately but also is very efficient. Compared with the art-of-state methods, the experimental results confirm that our approach signifi-cantly improves the accuracy of fire detection and impressively decreases the false alarm rate. The de-tection speed of our approach is also very competitive with the art-of-state fire detection methods.

Tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in female but not male populations in Guangzhou, China

Chen, Ying,Ye, Yanfang,Zhang, Zhen,Zhang, Chi,Chen, Minyu,Pang, Jun,Zhou, Shuxian,Xiang, Qiuling The Korean Nutrition Society 2019 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.13 No.5

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The association between tea consumption and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine whether tea consumption has an effect on CHD risk in Chinese adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In this hospital-based case-control study, 267 cases of CHD and 235 non-CHD controls were enrolled. Blood samples from all cases were examined. Cardiac function indices (left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase of the muscle or brain type), blood lipid index (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and blood coagulation function indices (fibrinogen and activated partial thromboplastin time) were recorded. Tea consumption of study participants was assessed by a specifically designed questionnaire. The baseline characteristics of the study populations were recorded, and CHD-related biomarkers were detected. Differences in baseline characteristics of the study participants were examined using t-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Unconditional logistic regression was used to measure the association between tea and CHD. RESULTS: There were significant differences in cardiac function indices, blood lipid index, and blood coagulation indices between CHD cases and controls (P < 0.05). We found tea consumption reduced CHD risk in female participants (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.484, 95% CI: 0.242-0.968, P = 0.0403). Regarding the type of tea consumed, the risk of CHD was reduced in women who drank partially fermented tea (adjusted OR = 0.210, 95% CI: 0.084-0.522, P = 0.0008). Analytic results for the amount of tea consumed per unit time showed CHD risk was reduced in women who consumed 1-2 cups of tea per day (adjusted OR = 0.291, 95% CI: 0.131-0.643, P = 0.0023). A tea-drinking frequency of > 6 days/week was beneficial for CHD prevention (adjusted OR = 0.183, 95% CI: 0.049-0.679, P = 0.0112). When analyzed according to the duration of tea consumption, the risk of CHD was reduced in participants who had been drinking tea for 10-20 years (adjusted OR = 0.360, 95% CI: 0.137-0.946, P = 0.0382). CONCLUSIONS: Tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of CHD in female but not male populations in Guangzhou.

Molecular and Cellular Microbiology / Biomedical Sciences : Alteration of the Metabolome Profile in Endothelial Cells by Overexpression of miR-143/145

( Wenshuo Wang ),( Ye Yang ),( Yiqing Wang ),( Liewen Pang ),( Jiechun Huang ),( Hongyue Tao ),( Xiaotian Sun ),( Chen Liu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.3

Communication between endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) via miR-143/145 clusters is vital to vascular stability. Previous research demonstrates that miR-143/145 released from ECs can regulate SMC proliferation and migration. In addition, a recent study has found that SMCs also have the capability of manipulating EC function via miR-143/145. In the present study, we artificially increased the expression of miR-143/145 in ECs, to mimic a similar change caused by miR-143/145 released by SMCs, and applied untargeted metabolomics analysis, aimed at investigating the consequential effect of miR-143/145 overexpression. Our results showed that miR-143/145 overexpression alters the levels of metabolites involved in energy production, DNA methylation, and oxidative stress. These changed metabolites indicate that metabolic pathways, such as the SAM cycle and TCA cycle, exhibit significant differences from the norm with miR-143/145 overexpression.

Modelling and Optimization of a Magnetic Spring Based Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester

Liao Haojun,Ye Tingcong,Pang Yu,Feeney Ciaran,Liu Lei,Zhang Zhengmin,Saha Chitta,Wang Ningning 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.1

This paper presents the development of an AA battery size electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with an aim to maximize the output power density. A tube shape and stacked opposing permanent magnets with magnetic spring were used to suit the shape constraint as well as to achieve high fl ux linkages. An initial prototype of electromagnetic vibration harvester with AA battery size was built and tested on a controllable shaker to obtain its output voltage and power level at diff erent frequencies for fi xed accelerations. A single magnet was fi xed at the bottom of the harvester to provide levitation force in this development in order to lower the resonant frequency. A special time-domain based analytical model was also developed using both Finite Element Analysis and Simulink simulation. The time-domain analytical model is easier to implement than other frequency domain based analytical models which generally applied in literatures for modelling of the electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters. The analytical model was verifi ed by the measured results obtained from the initial prototype. The validated analytical model was successfully applied to optimize the harvester. Two more generator prototypes were further built and tested after the optimization study. The optimized harvester using three stacked opposing permanent magnets could achieve a normalized power density of 12,655 μWcm −3 g −2 at 9.9 Hz frequency with 0.22 g acceleration, which is signifi cantly higher than other reported electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters

Precise rates in the law of the logarithm for the moment convergence of i.i.d. random variables

Tian-Xiao Pang,Ye Jiang,황교신,Zheng-Yan Lin 대한수학회 2008 대한수학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Let {X,Xn; n ≥ 1} be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables. Set Sn = X₁ + X₂ + ... + Xn, Mn =[수식] Then we obtain that for any -1 < b < 1/2, [수식] if and only if EX = 0 and EX² = σ² < ∞. Let {X,Xn; n ≥ 1} be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables. Set Sn = X₁ + X₂ + ... + Xn, Mn =[수식] Then we obtain that for any -1 < b < 1/2, [수식] if and only if EX = 0 and EX² = σ² < ∞.

Modeling and Parameter Estimation of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Smart Power Grid

He Tao,Liang Zhidong,Ye Xinquan,Sun Shufeng,Pang Jihong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.6

This paper analysis the electric power communication network structure and performance requirements. To investigate the power communication backbone network and network power substation general way, and in electric power communication network delay, error rate, network bandwidth demand were analyzed. The for prevalent in electric power communication network is not a fully meshed network, explore artificially cobweb logic change principle and system method, artificial transform sheet mesh to the standard web, and making use of the cobweb, based on the characteristics of network fast routing. In order to better in the smart grid communication network using artificially cobweb routing algorithm, for the smart grid in the presence of irregular mesh network, this paper presents a kind of the mesh network into logical artificially cobweb network general standardization method. The principle of combination of label switching, this paper presents artificially cobweb source routing algorithm, expounds the artificially cobweb routing algorithm of label switching and label update mechanism, and artificially cobweb routing algorithm balancing routing method and routing method is described in detail.

Capacitation and acrosome reaction differences of bovine, mouse and porcine spermatozoa in responsiveness to estrogenic compounds

Ryu, Do-Yeal,Kim, Ye-Ji,Lee, June-Sub,Rahman, Md. Saidur,Kwon, Woo-Sung,Yoon, Sung-Jae,Pang, Myung-Geol Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology 2014 한국축산학회지 Vol.56 No.7

Background: Endocrine disruptors are exogenous substance, interfere with the endocrine system, and disrupt hormonal functions. However, the effect of endocrine disruptors in different species has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the possible effects of $17{\beta}$-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), genistein (GEN) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), on capacitation and the acrosome reaction in bovine, mouse, and porcine spermatozoa. In this in vitro trial, spermatozoa were incubated with $0.001-100{\mu}M$ of each chemical either 15 or 30 min and then assessed capacitation status using chlortetracycline staining. Results: E2 significantly increased capacitation and the acrosome reaction after 30 min, while the acrosome reaction after 15 min incubation in mouse spermatozoa. Simultaneously, capacitation and the acrosome reaction were induced after 15 and 30 min incubation in porcine spermatozoa, respectively. Capacitation was increased in porcine spermatozoa after 15 min incubation at the lowest concentration, while the acrosome reaction was increased in mouse spermatozoa after 30 min (P < 0.05). E2 significantly increased the acrosome reaction in porcine spermatozoa, but only at the highest concentration examined (P < 0.05). P4 significantly increased the acrosome reaction in bovine and mouse spermatozoa treated for 15 min (P < 0.05). The same treatment significantly increased capacitation in porcine spermatozoa (P < 0.05). P4 significantly increased capacitation in mouse spermatozoa treated for 30 min (P < 0.05). GEN significantly increased the acrosome reaction in porcine spermatozoa treated for 15 and 30 min and in mouse spermatozoa treated for 30 min (P < 0.05). OP significantly increased the acrosome reaction in mouse spermatozoa after 15 min (P < 0.05). Besides, when spermatozoa were incubated for 30 min, capacitation and the acrosome reaction were higher than 15 min incubation in E2 or GEN. Furthermore, the responsiveness of bovine, mouse and porcine spermatozoa to each chemical differed. Conclusions: In conclusion, all chemicals studied effectively increased capacitation and the acrosome reaction in bovine, mouse, and porcine spermatozoa. Also we found that both E2 and P4 were more potent than environmental estrogens in altering sperm function. Porcine and mouse spermatozoa were more responsive than bovine spermatozoa.

Robust singular perturbation control for 3D path following of underactuated AUVs

Lei Ming,Li Ye,Pang Shuo 대한조선학회 2021 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.13 No.1

This paper presents a novel control scheme for the three-dimensional (3D) path following of underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUVs) subject to unknown internal and external disturbances, in term of the time scale decomposition method. As illustration, two-time scale motions are first artificially forced into the closed-loop control system, by appropriately selecting the control gain of the integrator. Using the singular perturbation theory, the integrator is considered as a fast dynamical control law that designed to shape the space configuration of fast variable. And then the stabilizing controller is designed in the reduced model independently, based on the time scale decomposition method, leading to a relatively simple control law. The stability of the resultant closed-loop system is demonstrated by constructing a composite Lyapunov function. Finally, simulation results are provided to prove the efficacy of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated AUVs under internal and external disturbances.

Load Interval Prediction of the Power System based on Type-2 Fuzzy Theory

He Tao,Liang Zhidong,Pang Jihong,Ye Xianquan,Yuan Jinxin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.2

According to the power load has strong randomness and difficult to forecast, the introduction of the two types of fuzzy logic in order to improve the prediction accuracy. The interval type two non-single valued two type Mamdani fuzzy model for power load time series forecasting, and reverse the spread of a similarity of a singular value decomposition iterative blending algorithm to simplify the redundant rules in the model of fuzzy sets and redundant fuzzy rules, in order to eliminate the adverse effects. For ordinary type-2 fuzzy sets, uncertainty of the trace and once the membership function is the most important factor, therefore in the calculation formula for construction of two kinds of measure when considering these two factors; analysis of the ordinary type-2 fuzzy inclusion degree properties; discussed two kinds of conversion between the new measure of the relationship, revealing its internal relations; finally through an example to verify the performance of the new measure ordinary type-2, and the fuzzy similarity and Yang Shih clustering method combining cluster analysis used in Gauss plain type-2 fuzzy sets, obtained the reasonable clustering results, verify the rationality of the new measure and effectiveness.