Synthesis of Naphthalenes from the Reaction of Baylis-Hillman Acetates and Sulfonyl Group-containing Active Methylene Compounds

YangJin,YunMiChung,JiHyeonGong,JaeNyoungKim 대한화학회 2002 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.23 No.6

Solvent extraction of Fe3+ from the hydrochloric acid route phosphoric acid by D2EHPA in kerosene

Yang Jin,Yujing Ma,Yanling Weng,Xuhong Jia,Jun Li 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5

It is necessary to remove Fe3+ from the hydrochloric acid route phosphoric acid before it is purified by trin-butyl phosphate (TBP), otherwise the final product will fail because of the excessive iron content. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA, HA) is effective for Fe3+ extraction. Therefore, the solvent extraction of Fe3+ from the HCl-route phosphoric acid by D2EHPA in kerosene is investigated. The effects of the extraction time, temperature and concentrations of phosphoric acid, D2EHPA, calcium chloride and Fe3+ on the extraction process are studied. The mechanism of the extraction is explained and the extracted species is demonstrated to be FeClA2 4HA. D2EHPA has a high efficiency for Fe3+ extraction from the synthesis and actual HCl-route phosphoric acid with extraction percent of 98.61% and 96.50%, respectively via a cross-current 3-stage extraction. The loaded organic phase is effectively stripped (99.9%) using 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid. The extractant also has a high stability under a closed operation condition. D2EHPA can serve as an adequate extractant for the extraction of Fe3+ from the HCl-route phosphoric acid.

The Ancient Construction Materials and Methods: The Great Wall of China in Jinshanling as a Case Study

Yang, Jin,Tan, Fabian Hadipriono,Tan, Adrian Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2017 Journal of construction engineering and project ma Vol.7 No.1

The Jinshanling section of the Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications in northern China that was constructed for strategic military defenses. This section was first built in the beginning of the Ming Dynasty in AD 1368 and then underwent major construction, reconstruction and renovation during the late Ming Dynasty, approximately in AD 1569. The Jinshanling section is 10.5 km long, a very short section compared with the entire 21,200 km wall. The wall section is located in Luanping County, Hebei province, China. This research paper focuses on the construction methods and materials of the wall and the towers in the area. The research methodology includes site visits, knowledge acquisition of experts and 3D graphic modeling. This study reveals that the materials selected for the structure include rubbles and rammed earth, bricks, stones, timber, and mortar. The erection sequence of the wall and the towers was a bottom-up fashion using various ancient construction techniques, such as the fire-setting rock blasting techniques and the surveying techniques from the Sea Island Mathematical Manual.

Silica-based cerium (III) chloride nanoparticles prevent the fructose-induced glycation of ${\alpha}$-crystallin and $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells

Yang, Jin,Cai, Lei,Zhang, Sen,Zhu, Xiangjia,Zhou, Peng,Lu, Yi 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether silicacerium (III) chloride ($CeCl_3$) nanoparticles could inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and reduce oxidative stress. Silica-$CeCl_3$ nanoparticles were synthesised by adsorption and embedment with micro-silica materials, forming uniform nanoparticles with a diameter of approximately 130 nm. Chaperone activity assays and AGEs formation assays, and intracellular reactive assays were adopted in this study to evaluate $CeCl_3$ nanoparticles effect. UV-visible spectrometry showed that silica-$CeCl_3$ nanoparticles at low concentrations rapidly formed tentatively stable conjugations with ${\alpha}$-crystallin, greatly enhancing the chaperone activity of ${\alpha}$-crystallin. Moreover, silica-$CeCl_3$ nanoparticles markedly inhibited the fructose-induced glycation of ${\alpha}$-crystallin, showing an advantage over the control drugs aminoguanidine and carnosine. Silica-$CeCl_3$ nanoparticles also reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species production and restored glutathione levels in $H_2O_2$-treated human lens epithelial cells. These findings suggest that silica-$CeCl_3$ may be used as a novel agent for the prevention of cataractogenesis.

The Clinical Efficacy of GOCA Scoring System in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Yangjin Jegal,Sang Il Lee,Kyung Hee Lee,Yeon Mok Oh,Tae Sun Shim,Chae Man Lim,Sang Do Lee,Woo Sung Kim,Dong Soon Kim,Won Dong Kim,Younsuck Koh 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.3

To explore the following hypotheses: 1) Gas exchange, Organ failure, Cause, Associated disease (GOCA) score, which reflects both general health and the severity of lung injury, would be a better mortality predictor of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) than acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) or simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II), which are not specific to lung injury, and lung injury score (LIS) that focuses on the lung injury; 2) the performance of APACHE II and SAPS II will be improved when reinforced by LIS, we retrospectively analyzed ARDS patients (N=158) admitted to a medical intensive care unit for five years. The overall mortality of the ARDS patients was 53.2%. Calibrations for all models were good. The area under the curve of (AUC) of LIS (0.622) was significantly less than those of APACHE II (0.743) and SAPS II (0.753). The AUC of GOCA (0.703) was not better than those of APACHE II and SAPS II. The AUCs of APACHE II and SAPS II tended to further increase when reinforced by LIS. In conclusion, GOCA was not superior to APACHE II or SAPS II. The performance of the APACHE II or SAPS II tended to improve when combining a general scoring system with a scoring system that focused on the severity of lung injury.

Role of myoferlin in regulation of cancer invasion

Yangjin Kim,Marisa C. Eisenberg,Ruth Li,William E. Ackerman,Douglas A. Kniss,Avner Friedman 한국산업응용수학회 2013 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

The role of stromal cells in cancer cell invasion

Yangjin Kim,Hans G Othmer,Sookkyung Lim 한국산업응용수학회 2012 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is an early stage non-invasive breast cancer that originates in the epithelial lining of the milk ducts. These cells actively proliferate and stay in the duct. However, DCIS can evolve into comedo DCIS and ultimately the most common type of breast cancer, invasive ductal carcinoma, which can induce metastasis. Understanding the progression and how to effectively intervene in it presents a major scientific challenge. Stromal tissue surrounding a duct contains the extracellular matrix (ECM), several types of cells and several types of growth factors that are known to individually affect tumor growth and invasion, but at present the complex mechanical and biochemical interactions of these stromal cells with cancer cells is poorly understood. Among those stromal cells, fibroblasts and their aggressive types, myofibroblasts, were shown to play an important role in tumor growth and invasion. Here we illustrate how hybrid models can reproduce experimental results and generate predictions that need to be verified in followup experiments. The mathematical model incorporates the cross-talk between stromal and tumor cells via growth factors and several types of proteases. The model predict how perturbations of the local biochemical and mechanical state influence tumor evolution and invasion. Epithelial cells (ECs) and stromal cells are modeled individually and their interactions are mediated by a set of partial differential equations for growth factors and proteases. Our results shed light on the biochemical and mechanical interactions between growth factors, mechanical properties of the ECM, and feedback signaling loops between stromal and tumor cells, and suggest how epigenetic changes in transformed cells affect tumor progression.

A Thyristor-based Seamless Winding Changeover Circuit for high efficiency of Electric Vehicle Drive System

Yangjin Shin,Sungyoul Park,Sewan Choi,Suyeon Cho,Hochang Jung,Junsung Park,Waegyeong Shin,Deokjin Kim 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

This paper propose a novel winding changeover circuit that can maximize the average efficiency in the wide speed range to extend the driving distance of the Electric Vehicle and improve the fuel efficiency. Proposed circuit is Series-Parallel changeover circuit based thyristor. Due to the characteristics of the thyristor, it is possible to achieve a seamless transient state without interruption. So no additional snubber circuit is required and high efficiency and light weight of AC motor system can be expected because of low switch loss. The proposed winding changeover circuit is validated through simulation and experimental results with 80kW AC motor.

The Effect of Core Muscle Strengthening Exercise Using Unstable Support Surface on the Balance Ability and Shooting Score of Shooting Athletes

Yangjin Lee,Seongyoel Kim 대한스포츠물리치료학회 2020 정형스포츠물리치료학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of core muscle strengthening training and core exercise on unstable support on the balance and performance of a shooter. Methods: Fourteen athletes were randomly assigned to perform core muscle strength training for seven athletes, and seven athletes were exercised on an unstable surface. Two groups were conducted three times a week for 20 minutes. Static balance, dynamic balance, and shooting scores were measured before and after the experiment. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in static balance, dynamic balance in the group trained on the unstable support surface (p<.05). Conclusion: Based on this experiment, it can be seen that the balance training of the shooter on the unstable support surface is more effective than the balance of other methods.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

( Yangjin Jegal ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare cystic lung disease with multisystem involvement. LAM can be either associated with Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC-LAM) or occurs in a sporadic form (S-LAM). S-LAM occurs mainly in premenopausal women. However, TSC-LAM occurs in as many as 10-15% of men with TSC. The main pathologic characteristics are infiltration of smooth muscles cells spread via blood and lymphatics. Both S-LAM and TSC-LAM are caused by mutations in either of two TSC genes, TSC1 or TSC2. In TSC-LAM, TSC mutations are found in all cells, including the germline cells, whereas, in S-LAM, the mutations are found only in neoplastic cells. TSC1 encodes hamartin, and TSC2 encodes tuberin. Both proteins form a heterodimer that regulates cell growth, survival, and motility. Therefore, deficiency or dysfunction of those proteins can result in the up-regulated activity of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which leads to increased protein translation, cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. Although the symptoms are various depending on the affected organs, pulmonary manifestations are most common. Progressive dyspnea, spontaneous pneumothorax, and pleural effusion are common presenting complaints. Less common manifestations are chest pain, cough, sputum, hemoptysis, etc. Renal angiomyolipomas occur in approximately one-third of S-LAM and >80% in TSC-LAM. Lymphatic manifestations such as chylothorax, chyloperitoneum, lymphangioleiomyma of the retroperitoneum or pelvis, and lymphadenopathy are also common extrapulmonary manifestations. Clinically LAM can be diagnosed when typical HRCT findings are accompanied by other extrapulmonary findings such as TSC, renal angiomyolipoma, cystic lymphangioleiomyoma, chylous pleural effusion or ascites. The typical characteristics of pulmonary cyst in LAM are thin-walled, diffuse, round, well-defined, bilateral, and without predominance. Serum VEGF-D has been proposed as a noninvasive diagnostic test for LAM. A serum VEGF-D level of > 800pg/ml in a woman with typical HRCT is diagnostic for LAM. But it cannot distinguish TSC-LAM from the S-LAM. The two hallmark pathologic features of pulmonary LAM are lung cysts and atypical smooth muscle-like LAM cells. The common cystic lung diseases that mimic LAM are pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, emphysema, and so on. The key treatment for LAM is inhibition of mTOR signaling by sirolimus. Sirolimus is a small molecule that forms a complex with FKBP12, which then binds to mTOR and blocks activation of downstream kinases, restores homeostasis in cells with defective TSC gene function. A double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial [The Multicenter International LAM Efficacy of Sirolimus (MILES)] reported that sirolimus resulted in stabilization of lung function, reduced serum VEGF-D levels, and was associated with a reduction in symptoms and improvement of quality of life. Other studies also reported sirolimus treatment improved lung function, reduced the volume of angiomyolipoma or lymphangioleiomyoma and chylous accumulations. Therefore, treatment with sirolimus was recommended for symptomatic patients with abnormal/declining lung function, symptomatic chylous fluid accumulations, or evidence of rapidly progressive disease. The common adverse effects of sirolimus were mucositis, diarrhea, nausea, hypercholesterolemia, acneiform rash, and swelling in the lower extremities. Everolimus, another mTOR inhibitor, can be a second-line therapy for patients who do not tolerate or respond to sirolimus. Regarding other treatment drugs, ATS/JRS guideline for LAM suggested not using doxycycline and hormonal therapy as treatments for LAM. Lung transplantation may be required for LAM patients with progressive respiratory failure. Generally, the post-transplantation survival rates exceed those of other disease groups, although recurrent lymphangiomyomatosis after transplantation was reported.