노인의 스트레스원과 스트레스 인지정도에 관한 연구

서현미,하양숙 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1997 간호학 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify stressors and perceived stress level experienced by elderly. And the intent of this investigation is to suggest nursing intervention for care of the elderly. A convenient saplling of 331 elderly who lives in Seoul, Kwang-Ju, Yang-Ju Gun-Kyung-Ki Do, Ui-Jong Bu, and Young-Am Kun, Jeun-Ra Nam Do was done. The period of collection was from January in 1996 to May in 1996. The constructing process of Seo's Elderly Stress Scale(SESS) were as follows; 1) Make preliminary items which related to stress and stressor of the elderly that was based upon review of literature and unstructured interview with 45 elderly. 2) Modification of items and pilot study were performed to determing the stressors. Consequently, 64 stressors were identified. The SESS was composed of 3-areas(1. If you experienced the following stressors in the past one years, Please mark "0" on the "yes" column 2. How many frequently occurred the experienced stressors you felt.; "1=seldom", "2=sometimes", "3=often", "4=always", 3. How much stressful the experienced stressors you felt. The degree of stressfulness is 0-10 and it was a ladder scale. ). The total score of perceived stress level was calculated from frequency score by stressfulness score. The range of total score is 0-2,560. Internal consistency of SESS was Cronbach's α=0.9060. SPSS/PC?? program was used for statistical analysis and the data was analyzed in terms of frequency (percentile score), mean (SD), t-test, F-test and the reliability coefficient. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Most frequently experienced stressors by elderly were ranked 'decreased eyesight'(86.1%), 'decreased strength'(83.1%), 'change of dental condition'(82.5%), 'decreased memory'(81.0%), 'sleep change'(76.7%), 'thinking about own death'(72.2%), 'loneliness'(69.5%) and 'decreased hearing'(69.2%). 2. Always experienced stressors by elderly were ranked 'change of dental condition'(40.2%), 'decreased eyesight'(40.2%), 'south and north Korean unification'(31.4%). 3. Most stressfulness stressors experienced by elderly were ranked 'death of your children'(9.83), 'death of your spouse'(9.62), 'divorce of your children'(8.67) and 'infertility of your children'(8.55) 4. Total mean (SD) score of perceived stress level is 431(218), maximum score is 992 and minimum score is 4 by subjects, 5. Compared the perceived stress level of subjects with sex, live together children, disease, and perceived health status were significantly differences. In conclusion, most frequently experienced stressors by elderly which was changed of physical function according to aging process. And most stressfulness stressors which was death of family members.

근대 경성시민과 현대 서울시민의 공원 이용행태 비교

김서린(Kim, Seo-Lin),양병이(Yang, Byung-E),성종상(Sung, Jong-Sang) 한국생태환경건축학회 2016 한국생태환경건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

발레 숙련도에 따른 센터에서 Grand Battement Jete´ a´ la seconde 동작의 운동학적 비교 분석

염창홍,박영훈,서국웅,양충모 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.2

C. H. YOUM, Y. H. PARK, K. W. SEO, C. M. YANG. Comparison of the kinematic analysis of grand battement jete ?la second in center between skilled and unskilled ballet majors. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 153466, 2004. The purpose of this study was to investigate time of the phase, angle of the right ankle, knee, and hip joint, lateral angle of the trunk, mediolateral displacement of COM, and vertical displacement of COM between two groups while executing grand battement jets ?la seconde in a center exercise setting through 3D video analysis. The subjects participated in this study were skilled and unskilled 6 female ballet majors in Busan, respectively. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The time of the phase 2 was faster than P3. It shows a significant difference(p<.05) for P1 and P4 between skilled and unskilled groups. 2. The angle of the right ankle joint has a significant difference(p<.05) at E4 between skilled and unskilled groups. The angle of the right knee joint has no significant difference at all events between skilled and unskilled groups. The angle of the right hip joint has a significant difference(p<.001) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups. 3. The lateral angle of the trunk has a significant difference(p<.05) at El and at E5 between skilled and unskilled groups. The skilled group of the lateral angle of the trunk was lower than the unskilled group. However the skilled group's lateral angle of the trunk was bigger than the unskilled group at E3. It has significant difference(p<.001) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups. 4. The mediolateral displacement of COM has no significant difference at all events between skilled and unskilled groups. The vertical displacement of COM has a significant difference(p<.01) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups.

Selenium 공급방법이 수경재배 토마토의 생장과 Se 흡수에 미치는 영향

이철규(Cheol-Kyu Lee),조경철(Kyung-Cheol Cho),이정현(Jeong-Hyun Lee),조자용(Ja-Yong Cho),서범석(Beom-Seok Seo),양원모(Won-Mo Yang) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2005 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.14 No.4

토마토 ‘모모타로’를 공시하여 셀레늄 10㎎ㆍL?¹의 관주 및 엽면시비 등의 단용 및 혼용처리가 수경재배 토마토의 생육 및 과실 내 셀레늄 축적 함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. 토마토 종자를 50공 트레이에 파종하여 70일 동안 육묘한 후 유묘를 코코피트 슬라이브를 이용한 수경재배 시스템에 정식하였다. 양액은 일본원예시험장 배양액 표준처방으로 조성하였으며, pH 5.8~6.2와 EC 2.3 ㎎ㆍL?¹ 등으로 조절하여 공급하였다. 셀레늄은 무기태 SeO₂와 sugar fatty acid ester에 킬레이트화 한 유기태 셀레늄을 10 ㎎ㆍL?¹으로 조성하여 관주, 엽면시비, 관주와 엽면시비를 병행하여 처리하였다. 초장, 엽수, 엽면적 및 엽록소 등의 토마토 생장반응은 셀레늄의 엽면시비, 그리고 엽면시비와 관주를 병행한 처리구에서 현저히 증가하였다. 과실 내 셀레늄 축적 함량은 킬레이트화 한 유기태 셀레늄을 엽면시비와 관주를 병행하여 처리한 경우에 0.302 ㎎ㆍL?¹으로 가장 높았다. 무기태와 유기태 셀레늄의 엽면시비와 관주 등의 단용 처리 보다는 혼용 처리가 전반적인 과실 생장과 체내 셀레늄 축적에 효과적이었다. 무기태 설레늄(SeO₂) 보다는 sugar fatty acid ester에 킬레이트화한 유기태 셀레늄 처리가 셀레늄을 함유한 기능성 토마토의 수경재배에 더 효과적이었다. This study was conducted to clarify the effects of supplying methods of selenium on the growth and Se uptake of hydroponically grown tomato plants. Tomato seeds (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Momotaro T-93, Daki Seed Co.) were sown in plug tray with fifty holes, and raised for sixty days. Tomato seedlings transplanted to coco fiber slabs were supplied with the nutrient solutions adjusted to EC 2.3 dSㆍm?¹ and pH 5.8~6.2 recommended by the Japanese Horticultural Experiment Station. Selenium forms used were inorganic SeO₂ (here in after referred to Se) and organic selenium chelated with sugar fatty acid ester (here in after referred to chelated-Se). 10 ppm selenium solutions were treated to tomato plants with foliar applications, drenching, and foliar application plus drenching. Growth characteristics in terms of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and chlorophyll content were significantly increased in the plot of foliar application of Se, and in the plot of foliar application plus drenching of chelated-Se than other plots, respectively. Transported contents of selenium into the tomato fruits were highest as 0.302 ppm in the plot of foliar application plus drenching of chelated-Se. Also, it had tended to be higher in the plot of foliar application plus drenching than in the plots of foliar application or drenching in both of Se and chelated-Se. Foliar application and drenching of organic chelated-Se were effective to produce the functional tomato fruits.

들기자세 유형별 L₄-L?의 근전도 분석 : At the Base Knee Angle 무릎각도를 중심으로

서국웅,노석규,윤양진,정미라,이훈식,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This research is to find out the most suitable lifting posture and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. To do this, we select five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their muscular actions in terms of posture types, measure the limit value of weight lifting by comparing each lifting posture type(knee angle 40˚, 80˚, 180˚) with action amplitudes of two parts of erector spinae muscle, and draw our conclusion as follow ; 1. In case of every lifting posture(that is, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, 180˚), females have higher muscular conductivity value in L⁴-L? of right erector spinae muscle than males(p<.001), but in L⁴-L? of left erector spinae males has higher muscular conductivity value than females(p<.001). 2. Males show lower degree of change in muscular conductivity value from 10kg to 25kg weight lifting. 3. Females show gradually increasing degree of change in muscular conductivity value according as weight lifting is heavier. 4. Males show the constant muscular conductivity action of average 50∼110㎶ in the L⁴-L? in case of each lifting posture, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, and 180˚. 5. Females also show the constant muscular conductivity action of average 100∼200㎶ in the L⁴-L? in case of each lifting posture, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, and 180˚. But they show more active muscular conductivity in more than 15kg weight lifting, IOSHIC permission load value. In short, in case of males, weight lifting up to 25kg has little effect on erector spinae muscle but in case of females, weight lifting from more than 15kg has gradual effect on erector spinae muscle. Therefore, the muscular conductivity values of various posture types(by knee angle)are to be identified according to weight lifting steps.

부산시 학교체육시설과 체육공원시설의 안전도 조사

서국웅,조원민,윤양진,이훈식,정미라 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구에서는 부산광역시에 소재한 초,중,고등학교 72개교와 체육공원 9개소의 체육시설을 대상으로 현장을 직접 방문하여 안전도 측면에서 체육시설의 상태를 양호, 보통, 불량으로 나누어 20명의 조사자가 객관적인 관점에서 체육시설을 항목별로 구분한 것을 토대로 평가 하였고 또한 체육시설에 대한 실측이 필요로 하는 것은 정확한 측정을 하여 문제점을 분석하였다. 그 결과 학교체육시설은 시설의 설치와 관리상태 그리고 정비에 대한 관심이 안전도 측면에서 학생들이나 일반인들이 이용할 때 최적의 체육시설을 이용할 수 있도록 학교와 교사 그리고 행정기관에서 적극적인 재정지원과 관심이 요구되었고 체육공원시설은 질적인 면만이 아니라 양적으로도 고려가 되어야 하고 무엇보다도 수요자 중심으로 다양한 연령층을 고려하여 사회체육의 저변확대에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 본다. 체육공원시설은 누구나 쉽게 접할 수 있는 배치와 설계가 이루어짐으로서 지역사회의 주민이 체육활동을 할 수 있는 기회를 쉽게 제공하여야 할 것이다. 또한 기존의 공원체육 시설이 안전도 측면에서 양호한 수준으로 되기까지는 행정기관의 적극적인 관심과 경제적인 지원이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 본다. 결론적으로 체육시설은 안전도를 고려하여 설계되고 배치되어야 한다. 또한 누구나 안전하게 이용할 수 있도록 고려되어짐으로서 운동으로 인한 안전사고를 최대한 예방할 수 있을 것으로 본다. This study investigates and examines exercise facilities of 72 elementary and secondary school and 9 athletic parks all over the city of Pusan, and estimates their human-engineering aspects according to researcher's subjective standards(low, mid, and high level). It also finds out and analyzes items which needs measurement and estimation in exercise facilities, and concludes as follows: 1) In the case of exercise facilities in schools, more active attention must be given to their erection and control, and their constant checking and repair. Safety accident must also be prevented by providing optimal exercise facilities made in human-engineering way with students and ordinary people using them. Therefore, both school administrator and teachers must pay much mort attention to exercise facilities on schools and more much money must be invested for them. 2) In the case of exercise facilities of athletic parks, their quantity as well as qu must be emphasized, and, above all, safe user-centered exercise facilities must be designed and manufactured on the basis of the safety, and be provided with the people of different ages.

중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.

상품 속성의 특성과 자료수집 방법이 컨조인트 모형의 효과에 미치는 영향에 관한 비교연구

서상윤;이훈영;남양호 경희대학교 산업관계연구소 2009 産硏論叢 Vol.34 No.-

컨조인트 분석에 사용되는 다양한 속성들은 이들 속성들이 갖는 특성에 따라 컨조인트 분석결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 컨조인트 분석에 활용되는 개별 속성들은 색상이나 브랜드처럼 크기와 방향이 없는 이산적인 경우와 가격 혹은 무게 등과 같이 단조적인 크기와 방향을 갖는 벡터속성인 경우가 있다. 또한 이들 속성간 관계가 상품의 원산지와 색상처럼 상호 독립적인 경우가 있으며, 상품의 용량과 가격처럼 연관되어 있는 경우도 있다. 본 연구에서는 이렇게 상품 속성의 특성이 컨조인트 모형의 예측정확도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 비교연구 하였다. 연구결과, 상품의 속성들이 이산적인 속성들로 구성되어 있고 속성간에 서로 독립적인 경우, 속성이 단조적인 크기와 방향의 벡터속성과 서로 연관된 속성을 갖는 모형보다 예측정확도가 더 높게 나타났다. 또한, 트레이드 오프법과 전체프로필법을 이용한 두 자료수집 방법 간 예측정확도 비교에 있어서 상품의 속성들이 서로 독립적인 경우에는 트레이드 오프법을 이용한 자료 수집방법이 전체프로필법을 이용한 자료수집방법 보다 예측정확도 측면에서 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났고, 속성들이 서로 연관되어 있는 경우에는 두 방법간에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. The performance of conjoint model tends to depend on the characteristics of product attributes as well as the strength of correlation among attributes. If attributes used in the analysis are highly related with each other, the thult of conjoint analysis might not be so reliable neither effective in measuring the utility. The association among the attribute levels within an attribute also negatively influences on the performance of conjoint model. The purpose of this research is to investigate into how the effectiveness of conjoint model varies depending on the relation among attributes as well as on the monotonic variies depenattribute levels within an attribute. This paper also examines which data collecting method is more angropriiee depending on the different association among attributes and attribute levels' characteristics within an attribute. This research finds that both the dependency among attributes and the monotonic variies depenattribute levels influence the accuracyepenebute. ed conjoint model. The model develonto with independent product attributes outperforms that with sibuwhat related product attributes. The better model is ebute. ed whennattribute levels are non-monotonic relirelated ds independent. Also when attributes are independent, the model mas onic vardata collected uthe m vart as well method outperforms that develonto using the data collected by the full profile method.

중량단계별 상지근육의 근전도 패턴 분석

서국웅,윤양진,이훈식,정미라,이창민 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 중량을 들고 걷는 자세에서의 근육의 전위 활동을 분석하기 위해 P대학 체육학과 남 · 여 대학원생 중 오른손 사용자 5명에게 각각 5㎏, 10㎏, 15㎏, 20㎏, 25㎏의 중량물 운반시의 좌 · 우 상지의 각각 4개 부위에 대한 근육 전위 활동을 측정하여 비교 분석함으로써 성인 남 · 여에 있어서 적절한 중량들기의 한계치를 파악함은 물론, 중량들기로 인한 일상의 상해예방을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 분석결과 5 · 10 · 15 · 20 · 25㎏의 중량물 운반시 상지근 대부분의 근육의 전위 활동은 여자가 남자보다 높게 나타났으며 중량이 무거워질수록 남자는 좌측 상완이두근과 상완요골근, 여자는 우측 상완이두근과 상완요골근이 주동근으로 사용되었고 여자에 비해 남자의 좌측 주동근의 근육 전위 활동이 높게 나타나 좌 · 우 평형유지에 힘든 요인으로 분석되었다. 또한 중량이 무거워질수록 여자 우측 요골근의 근육 전위 활동이 여자 상완요골근과 남자 좌 · 우측 상완요골근에 비해 높게 나타난 것은 몸 바깥쪽의 근 사용으로 효율적인 중량물 운반이 이루어지지 않음으로써 허리에 부담을 주거나 편중된 근 사용으로 인한 상해유발과 국소적인 근피로 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 중량들기 적정한계치는 남자는 25㎏, 여자는 15㎏으로 나타났다. This study is to investigate the most suitable models of load carriage and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. we selected five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their amplitude chages of electromyographic signals in front carring task, measure the limit value of load carriage by comparing each levels(5㎏, 10㎏, 15㎏, 20㎏, 25㎏) with action amplitudes of four parts of both arm muscle. In case of 5㎏ · 10㎏ · 15㎏ · 20㎏ · 25㎏ carriage, females have higher muscular conductivity value in most muscles of both arm than males. Males is used agonistic muscle left biceps brachii and musculi brachioradalis , also females is used agonistic muscle right biceps brachii and musculi brachioradalis. Males have higher muscluar conductivity value in left agonistic muscle than females according as load is heavier, it is shown to be to difficult the male to keep balance. The heavier load, the higher muscluar conductivity value of right musculi brachioradalis in females than musculi brachioradalis in females and musculi brachioradalis at both side in males. The result of as shown above, Since the way of load carriage is not effective caused by using the muscle at outside of the body. The localized muscle fatigue and injury would often occurred caused of taken overload at waist or using the specific muscle.

에어로빅 댄스 Kick 동작의 운동역학적 분석

서국웅,이훈식,윤양진,정미라,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the front and side Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force's of Knee-up, long-kick and high-kick, the effect of them speed rate on Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force, and the damage factor caused by them, and to provide useful data for ordinary people or athlete aerobic programs. The result of this study is as follows ; 1. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is not significant between the front and the side. 2. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is significant between differences of speed rate. 3. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force, speed and direction being equal, is significant according to the motion types: knee-up, long-kick and high-kick. 4. The possibility of causing damage is the highest when Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is more than 20BW/sec. 5. High-kick, which needs quick and heavy motion, is considered not be fit for beginners. 6. Load-rate must be lowered by choosing adequate speed rate and motion type, and even in the career of skilled athletes, enough exercise and muscle strength training of legs are necessary in doing aerobic.