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Harisun Yaakob,Nor Rashidah Ahmed,Siti Khairunnisa Daud,Roslinda Abd Malek,Roshanida Abdul Rahman 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.4
In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the ingredient formulation and processing parameters of coconut milk yogurt production such as temperature, time, and amount of starter culture on the sensory evaluation responses. Besides, the physicochemical properties such as pH, titratable acidity, and viscosity of the yogurt were also analysed. The analyses show that the coconut yogurts have a pH from 4.01 to 5.79, acidity from 0.461 to 2.079 (%), and viscosity from 433 to 21,833 cp during the optimization process. From the analysis of variance, the R2 of all response variables is more than 0.73that indicates that a high proportion of variability was explained by the model. Based on the response surface 3D plot of the sensory evaluation, the optimum acceptability of the coconut yogurt processing parameter are at temperature of 37oC, 8 h of the fermentation duration, and 3%(w/w) of the starter culture.
Optimization of Isoflavone Production from Fermented Soybean Using Response Surface Methodology
Harisun Yaakob,Roslinda Abd Malek,Mailin Misson,Muhammad Fauzi Abdul Jalil,Mohd Roji Sarmidi,Ramlan Aziz 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.6
This study was conducted to investigate the interaction effects among process variables during isoflavone production and optimized the yield of isoflavone. A response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to study the relationships of fermentation temperature, time,and starter culture on daidzin and daidzein as an isoflavone product. The experiments were designed using central composite by applying 2^4 factorial designs with 2 center points. Fermented soybean produced a maximum of 1,284.14 μg/g daidzin at an optimum temperature of 29.39^oC, fermentation duration at 32.06 h and starter culture content of 0.96%(w/w). Meanwhile, an optimum daidzein (1,663.85 μg/g) was obtained at 35^oC and 48 h fermentation process with 0.5%(w/w) starter culture. Validation study showed the observed and predicted values were in compliance with 5% level of significance. The RSM was successful in identifying the optimum conditions for the isoflavone production.
Emergency Rescue Localization (ERL) using GPS, Wireless LAN and Camera
Wan Mohd Yaakob Wan Bejuri,Mohd Murtadha Mohamad,Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd Radzi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.9
Congestion avoidance in emergency situations is among one of many overlooked localization issues. During emergency situations (such as fires), sometimes the rescuers find it hard to find the best exit route from the inside to the outside of a building. Any time delay in decision making will risk the loss of lives. Therefore, an efficient Emergency Rescue Localization (ERL) system is needed to help rescuers find the best route from the inside to the outside of a building. Thus, we propose a new ERL that is based on the integration of a Global Positioning System (GPS), Wireless LAN and camera. In this proposed ERL, the integrated Wireless LAN (WLAN) and Camera are used to retrieve location information inside a building. Then, localization methods will be adapted to GPS-based localization when subjects are in open areas outside the building. Finally, we present our experimental results to illustrate the performance of the localization system for indoor and outdoor environment set-up.
Wan Mohd Yaakob Wan Bejuri,Mohd Murtadha Mohamad,Raja Zahilah Raja,Mohd Radzi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.11
When Global Positioning Systems are obstructed, standalone pedestrian tracking can be very daunting. Users in such obstructed environments (especially in home environments) will find it difficult to perform on-site navigation. It is important to create a standalone pedestrian tracking system that provides better location determination services with less computational complexity and deployment cost. One promising way to implement this service is through the use of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors. This tracking method provides the pinpointing of standalone tracking information but is handicapped by missing stance phase during pedestrian walking activities. A new pedestrian stance detection using simultaneously localization and mapping (SLAM) will be designed in this paper with a focus on robust indoor positioning systems. We will present our preliminary results to illustrate the performance of the system for an indoor environment set-up at the end of this paper.
Wan Mohd Yaakob Wan Bejuri,Mohd Murtadha Mohamad,Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd Radzi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.12
Congestion avoidance in emergencies is one of many overlooked localization issues. During an emergency (such as a fire), it is difficult for rescuers to determine the best exit route when inside a building. Any time delay during decision making can risk loss of life. Therefore, an efficient Emergency Rescue Localization (ERL) system is essential to assist rescuers to identify the best route for reaching the outside when inside a building. Thus, we propose a new ERL based on an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). In the proposed ERL, an IMU is used to retrieve location information from inside the building. To conclude, we illustrate out proposed solution for indoor environmental set-up.
Optimisation of Emergency Rescue Location (ERL) using KLD-Resampling : An Initial Proposal
Wan Mohd Yaakob Wan Bejuri,Mohd Murtadha Mohamad,Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd Radzi 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.2
When an emergency occurs in a building, congestion avoidance becomes a very serious localisation issue, which is often ignored. If the emergency involves the outbreak of fire, the rescue team must establish the easiest and quickest exit route from the building. Any delay could be very dangerous, potentially even resulting in fatalities. To avoid congestion, an effective Emergency Rescue Localisation (ERL) system is essential to help rescue teams determine the easiest exit route from the building. This paper proposes an ERL methodology, based on the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU).In this system, the IMU helps to determine and obtain positioning data from a building’s interior. This study describes the application of the ERL system for an indoor situation in detail.
Distribution of 5-HT_{3}, 5-HT_{4}, and 5-HT_{7} Receptors Along the Human Colon
( Nor S Yaakob ),( Kenneth A Chinkwo ),( Navinisha Chetty ),( Ian M Coupar ),( Helen R Irving ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.3
Background/Aims: Several disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are associated with abnormal serotonin (5-HT) signaling or metabolism where the 5-HT_{3} and 5-HT_{4} receptors are clinically relevant. The aim was to examine the distribution of 5-HT_{3}, 5-HT_{4}, and 5-HT_{7} receptors in the normal human colon and how this is associated with receptor interacting chaperone 3, G protein coupled receptor kinases, and protein LIN-7 homologs to extend previous observations limited to the sigmoid colon or the upper intestine. Methods: Samples from ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid human colon were dissected into 3 separate layers (mucosa, longitudinal, and circular muscles) and ileum samples were dissected into mucosa and muscle layers (n = 20). Complementary DNA was synthesized by reverse transcription from extracted RNA and expression was determined by quantitative or end point polymerase chain reaction. Results: The 5-HT_{3} receptor subunits were found in all tissues throughout the colon and ileum. The A subunit was detected in all samples and the C subunit was expressed at similar levels while the B subunit was expressed at lower levels and less frequently. The 5-HT_{3} receptor E subunit was mainly found in the mucosa layers. All splice variants of the 5-HT_{4} and 5-HT_{7} receptors were expressed throughout the colon although the 5-HT_{4} receptor d, g, and i variants were expressed less often. Conclusions: The major differences in 5-HT receptor distribution within the human colon are in relation to the mucosa and muscular tissue layers where the 5-HT_{3} receptor E subunit is predominantly found in the mucosal layer which may be of therapeutic relevance. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:361-369)
Manoj Pudukudy,Zahira Yaakob,Khaleeda Mhd Syahri,Qingming Jia,Shaoyun Shan 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.84 No.-
A set of Fe/ZrO2 catalysts were successfully synthesized by a facile urea-assisted solid-state combustionmethod, and their catalytic test was evaluated for the thermal decomposition of undiluted-biogas intohydrogen-rich syngas and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The as-prepared catalysts werecharacterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning and Transmission electron microscopy (SEM andTEM), Nitrogen-physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Temperature programmedreduction analyses. The iron was found in the form of hematite and metallic-iron in the fresh andreduced catalysts respectively. A suitable metal-support interaction due to thefine surface dispersion ofiron species on ZrO2 was observed in the catalysts. The N2-physisorption analysis indicated the reducedsurface area of the catalysts after iron loading. However, it does not influence the catalytic efficiency sincethe metal amount and metal-support interaction was determined to play the main role. The Fe/ZrO2catalysts exhibited improved catalytic efficiency. With increasing the amount of iron and increasing thereaction temperature, the CH4 and CO2 conversions were increased significantly. A highest CH4 and CO2conversions of 92% and 89% respectively, with an H2/CO ratio of2.25 were obtained for the 50%Fe/ZrO2catalyst at 900 C. The enhanced catalytic performance could be attributed to thefine-surface dispersionof iron-nanocrystals on ZrO2. Moreover, the MWCNTs were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and Ramananalyses for their structural properties.