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ASSESSMENT OF RISKY DRIVING CAUSED BY THE AMOUNT OF TIME FOCUSED ON AN IN-VEHICLE DISPLAY SYSTEM
J.-B. RYU,Y.-K. SIHN,S.-B. YU 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.2
Korea is currently experiencing a rapidly increasing distribution rate of in-vehicle display devices, such as navigation or DMB displays, owing to remarkable advances in IT. At the same time, the number of traffic accidents and traffic violations is increasing due to the distraction of drivers’ attention by such devices. In particular, in-vehicle display devices such as navigation systems temporarily distract drivers’ visual or cognitive attention when they perform a unit task. Accordingly, it is necessary to prepare adequate standards to regulate in-vehicle display devices, especially in Korea. There are few empirical studies that have employed experiments to support such regulation. In this study, an experiment was conducted using a driving simulator to establish the proper standards regarding the maximum distraction time per unit task that can be allowed without causing any disturbance in safe driving. A total of 25 participants participated in the experiment. The distraction time was controlled by asking participants to perform the two tasks at once: while participants were driving as a primary task, they performed secondary task that count the number of intersections between the start point and the arrival point displayed on the screen. The results showed that the 2.0 second condition differed from the controlled condition in the deviation in the distance from the preceding vehicle, speed, and steering wheel movement, whereas there were no differences between the controlled condition and the 1.0 or 1.5 second condition. Finally, the limitations of the study and the implications of the findings with regard to future studies and application of the Korean version of guidelines for in-vehicle display devices are discussed.
Yoo, H.I.,Kim, H.S.,Hong, B.G.,Sihn, I.C.,Lim, K.H.,Lim, B.J.,Moon, S.Y. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol.36 No.7
A pure hafnium-carbide (HfC) coating layer was deposited onto carbon/carbon (C.C) composites using a vacuum plasma spray system (VPS). By introducing a SiC buffer layer, we successfully integrated C.C composites with a 110-μm-thick protective coating layer of HfC. Compared to the conventional chemical vapor deposition process, the HfC coating process by VPS showed increments in the growth rate, thickness, and hardness. The growth behavior and morphology of HfC coatings were investigated by FE-SEM, EDX, and XRD. In addition, the thermal ablation test results showed that the HfC coating layer perfectly protected the C.C layer from thermal ablation and oxidation. Consequently, we expect that this ultra-high temperature ceramic coating method, and the subsequent microstructure that it creates, can be widely applied to improve the thermal shock and oxidation resistance of materials under ultra-high temperature environments.