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Dan Wang,Xin Wen,Xinyu Zhang,Yadong Hu,Xinru Li,Wenxu Zhu,Tao Wang,Shaowu Yin 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.11
Hypoxia seriously affects the innate immune system of fish. However, the roles of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), pivotal anti-inflammatory genes, in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation remain largely unexplored. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the function of SOCS genes under acute hypoxia and reoxygenation in pufferfish (Takifugu fasciatus). In the present study, SOCS1, 2 and 3 were identified in T. fasciatus referred to as TfSOCS1, 2 and 3. Then, qRTPCR and western blot analysis were employed to assess their expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels. Tissue distribution demonstrated that the three SOCS genes were predominantly distributed in gill, brain and liver. Under hypoxia challenge (1.63 ± 0.2 mg/L DO for 2, 4, 6 and 8 h), the expressions of TfSOCS1 and 3 in brain and liver at the mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased, while their expressions showed an opposite trend in gill. Different from the expressions of TfSOCS1 and 3, the expression of TfSOCS2 was inhibited in gill, along with its increased expression in brain and liver. After normoxic recovery (7.0 ± 0.3 mg/L of DO for 4 and 12 h), most of TfSOCS genes were significantly altered at R4 (reoxygenation for 4 h) and returned to the normal level at R12 (reoxygenation for 12 h). SOCS genes played vital roles in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation challenge. Our findings greatly strengthened the relation between innate immune and hypoxia stress in T. fasciatus.
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( Jianrui Fan ),( Xinru Zhao ),( Wencan Wang ),( Shengsuo Cai ),( Lijuan Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.4
Using directional antennas in wireless Ad hoc networks has many superiorities, including reducing interference, extending transmission range, and increasing space division multiplexing. However, directional transmission introduces two problems: deafness and directional hidden terminals problems. We observe that these problems result in saturation throughput disparity among the competing flows in directional CSMA/CA based Ad hoc networks and bring challenges for modeling the saturation throughput of the flows. In this article, we concentrate on how to model and analyze the saturation throughput disparity of different flows in directional CSMA/CA based Ad hoc networks. We first divide the collisions occurring in the transmission process into directional instantaneous collisions and directional persistent collisions. Then we propose a four-dimensional Markov chain to analyze the transmission state for a specific node. Our model has three different kinds of processes, namely back-off process, transmission process and freezing process. Each process contains a certain amount of continuous time slots which is defined as the basic time unit of the directional CSMA/CA protocols and the time length of each slot is fixed. We characterize the collision probabilities of the node by the one-step transition probability matrix in our Markov chain model. Accordingly, we can finally deduce the saturation throughput for each directional data stream and evaluate saturation throughput disparity for a given network topology. Finally, we verify the accuracy of our model by comparing the deviation of analytical results and simulation results.
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Jing Yao,Xinlu Wang,Xinru Zhao,Jinxian Wang,Hongbo Zhang,Wensheng Yu,Guixia Liu,Xiangting Dong 대한금속·재료학회 2016 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.12 No.6
The Li2MnO3-modified Li1.2NixCo0.1Mn0.9-xO2 (x = 0.2, 0.45, 0.7)as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries have beensuccessfully synthesized by a simple electrospinning process. Thestructure, morphology and electrochemical performances of theresulting products are studied systematically. The as-preparedLi2MnO3-modified Li1.2NixCo0.1Mn0.9-xO2 (x = 0.2, 0.45, 0.7) with adiameter of 200-300 nm has an initial discharge capacity of168.740 mAh·g−1, coulombic efficiency of 99.6% and a reversiblecapacity as high as 139.016 mAh·g−1 after 200 cycles at a currentrate of 0.2 C. The excellent electrochemical performances ofwhich are attributed to the stabilization of Li2MnO3 structure, therole of Li2MnO3 is contribute extra lithium to the reversiblecapacity and to facilitate Li+ transport through the structure.
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Effects of Microbiota on the Treatment of Obesity with the Natural Product Celastrol in Rats
Weiyue Hu,Lingling Wang,Guizhen Du,Quanquan Guan,Tianyu Dong,Ling Song,Yankai Xia,Xinru Wang 대한당뇨병학회 2020 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.44 No.5
Background: Obesity has become one of the most serious issues threatening the health of humankind, and we conducted this study to examine whether and how celastrol protects against obesity. Methods: We fed male Sprague-Dawley rats a high-fat diet and administered celastrol to obese rats for 3 weeks. By recording body weight (BW) and other measures, we identified the effective dose of celastrol for obesity treatment. Feces were collected to perform 16S rRNA sequencing, and hypothalami were extracted for transcriptome sequencing. We then treated leptin knockout rats with celastrol and explored the changes in energy metabolism. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were used to test the acute toxicity of celastrol. Results: We observed that celastrol reduced BW and promoted energy expenditure at a dose of 500 μg/kg BW but that food intake was not changed after administration. The diversity of the gut microbiota was improved, with an increased ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes, and the gut microbiota played an important role in the anti-obesity effects of celastrol. Hypothalamic transcriptome analysis showed a significant enrichment of the leptin signaling pathway, and we found that celastrol significantly enhanced energy expenditure, which was mediated by the leptin signaling pathway. Acute lethal toxicity of celastrol was not observed at doses ranging from 0 to 62.5 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: Our study revealed that celastrol decreased the BW of obese rats by enhancing energy expenditure but not by suppressing food intake and that this effect was mediated by the improvement of the gut microbiota and the activation of the hypothalamic leptin signaling pathway.
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