The Relationship between Involvement, Fan Attraction, Fan identification and Fan Loyalty in Chinese Super Football League

( Xiaodai Jia ),( Shuai Zhang ),( Ao Zhu ) 아시아스포츠융합과학회 2022 Asia Pacific Journal of Applied Sport Sciences Vol.3 No.2

PURPOSE This study investigated the relationship between fan involvement, fan attraction, fan identity and fan loyalty in Chinese Super Football League (CSL). METHOD Based on the background of Watching Chinese Super League matches in China, 319 fans of six football teams were surveyed online. RESULT The degree of first fan involvement has a significant positive effect on fan attraction and fan identification. Secondly, fan attraction and fan identification have significant influence on loyalty intention. Thirdly, the degree of fan involvement has no significant effect on loyalty, while fan attraction and fan identity play a significant mediating role between them. CONCLUSION In order to strengthen the influence of CSL, various policies should be formulated to strengthen the fan identity and fan attraction which affect the loyalty. In addition, policies to strengthen incentives and address constraints should be implemented.

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Min Zhang(Min Zhang),YiRan Wu(YiRan Wu),ZhaoXu Lu(ZhaoXu Lu),MeiYan Song(MeiYan Song),XiaoLan Huang(XiaoLan Huang),LaLa Mi(LaLa Mi),Jian Yang(Jian Yang),Xiaodai Cui(Xiaodai Cui) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.2

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is inconclusive. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to explore whether vitamin D supplementation can improve core symptoms and coexisting conditions in children with ASD. Data were obtained by searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases up to February 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Using a random-effects model, mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated through a meta-analysis. There were eight RCTs with 266 children with ASD in the present review, among which six RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Children who received vitamin D supplementation showed a significant improvement in stereotypical behavior scores (pooled mean difference (MD): −1.39; 95% CI: −2.7, −0.07; p = 0.04) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 34%), and there was a trend toward decreased total scores on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS, p = 0.05); however, there were no other significant differences in the core symptoms of ASD and coexisting conditions between groups as measured by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). Vitamin D supplementation appears to improve stereotypical behaviors but does not improve other core symptoms and coexisting conditions. Further randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes and individualized doses are needed.

Robust Relay Design for Two-Way Multi-Antenna Relay Systems with Imperfect CSI

Chenyuan Wang,Xiaodai Dong,Yi Shi 한국통신학회 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.1

The paper investigates the problem of designing themultiple-antenna relay in a two-way relay network by taking intoaccount the imperfect channel state information (CSI). The objectiveis to design the multiple-antenna relay based upon the CSIestimates, where the estimation errors are included to attain therobust design under the worst-case philosophy. In particular, theworst-case transmit power at the multiple-antenna relay is minimizedwhile guaranteeing the worst-case quality of service requirementsthat the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at both sourcesare above a prescribed threshold value. Since the worst-case receivedSNR expression is too complex for subsequent derivationand processing, its lower bound is explored instead by minimizingthe numerator and maximizing the denominator of the worst-caseSNR. The aforementioned problem is mathematically formulatedand shown to be nonconvex. This motivates the pursuit of semidefiniterelaxation coupled with a randomization technique to obtaincomputationally efficient high-quality approximate solutions. Thispaper has shown that the original optimization problem can be reformulatedand then relaxed to a convex problemthat can be solvedby utilizing suitable randomization loop. Numerical results comparethe proposed multiple-antenna relay with the existing nonrobustmethod, and therefore validate its robustness against thechannel uncertainty. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed designand the associated influencing factors are discussed by means ofextensive Monte Carlo simulations.

Relationships between Motivation, Goal Orientation, Satisfaction, and Adherence in Skiers at Beijing Ski Resorts

Jianmin Shi,Xiaodai Jia,Yan Xing,Xiuxiu Bu,Qiang Lei,Qunqun Sun 아시아스포츠융합과학회 2023 Asia Pacific Journal of Applied Sport Sciences Vol.4 No.1

PURPOSE Based on theoretical evidence and previous literature, this study proposes research hypotheses and establishes a structural equation model (SEM) that includes variables such as motivation, goal orientation, satisfaction, and adherence. METHOD Study participants included skiers at the ski resorts located around Beijing. In total, 700 questionnaires were distributed, and 44 invalid questionnaires were removed for being incomplete or incorrect; 656 questionnaires were retained and analyzed using SPSS v. 26 and Amos v. 23. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling methods were used in the analyses. RESULT This study explored the relationship between motivation, goal orientation, satisfaction, and adherence in skier participants through a quantitative analysis. Through the establishment and verification of the structural equation mode, the following conclusions were drawn: First, motivation directly affects goal orientation. Second, motivation directly affects satisfaction. Third, motivation directly affects adherence. Fourth, goal orientation directly affects satisfaction. Fifth, goal orientation directly affects adherence. Sixth, satisfaction directly affects adherence. CONCLUSION To improve skiing adherence, Beijing ski resort operators should understand the motivation for skiing, formulate supporting policies and services, and enhance the goal orientation and satisfaction of skiers. This study provides some practical implications for ski resort operators that may increase the profit of ski resorts contribute to the sustainable development of Beijing skiing.

Reduced rank MIMO-OFDM channel estimation for high speed railway communication using 4D GDPS sequences

Farnoosh Talaei,Xiaodai Dong 한국통신학회 2017 ICT Express Vol.3 No.4

This paper presents a reduced rank channel estimator for multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) high speed railway (HSR) systems. Conventional interpolation based channel estimators require high pilot load for robust estimation of the rapidly time varying frequency-selective MIMO-OFDM HSR channel. To relax the high pilot overhead requirement, we take advantage of the channel’s restriction to low dimensional subspaces due to the time, frequency and spatial correlation and propose a low complexity linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) channel estimator. The channel estimator utilizes a four-dimensional (4D) basis expansion channel model obtained from band-limited generalized discrete prolate spheroidal (GDPS) sequences. Simulation results validate that the mean square estimation error of the proposed estimator is smaller than that of the conventional interpolation based least square (LS) estimator and the performance is robust to different delay, Doppler and angular spreads.

Investigating Knowledge Struture of Marathon in China: Visual Graph Analysis

( Wangda-guo ),( Xiaodai-jia ),( Mingliang-zhang ),( Yan-xing ) 한국융합과학회 2022 한국융합과학회 국제학술대회자료집 Vol.2022 No.0

Since the first marathon was held in 1910, marathon has gradually developed. According to the Statistics of the Chinese Athletics Association, in 2016 alone, 328 marathons and related sports events were registered in China, with more than 2.8 million participants.Many researches focus on experimental method, literature method and questionnaire survey, and no novel research method has been found in the process of sorting out. So, it is necessary to carry on a long quantitative analysis to the marathon theory of china.This paper uses Citespace V to analyze 456 core journal papers in the field of marathon included in CNKI from 2001 to 2021 as research samples, and analyzes the overall overview of marathon research in China in the past 20 years. It not only quantitatively displays the knowledge structure and theme evolution of Chinese marathon, but also explores the current research hotspots and future trends in the field of marathon. To this end, it established the following three research questions.First,Do the core keywords of marathon research change by period? Second,What is the core keyword that symbolizes 20 years of marathon research? Third,How do the subfields of marathon research appear over the past 20 years? Methods This study took the 21st century (2001-2021) (up to December 31, 2021) as the time window, took the core journals published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and CSSCI journals as the sources, and searched the CNKI database for 524 articles with the keyword marathon.In order to improve the validity of the analysis, Non-academic texts such as book review, conference notice, draft call notice and some literature explaining overseas marathon activities were discarded, and 456 academic papers were obtained (Yang,Chen,Zhou,Yang,2019).This paper uses Citespace V to analyze , Keyword time zone evolution graph,Keywords co-occurrence analysis,Subject clustering and research status analysis,The development trend, research trend and knowledge structure of marathon in Recent 20 years in China are analyzed comprehensively. Findings and Discussions The results were as follows.First of all, Chinese marathon research has gone through three research stages, 2001-2004 is the Chinese marathon preliminary exploration stage; From 2005 to 2015, there was a certain improvement in the research, which was a transitional period for the growth of marathon research in China. Marathon events were held successively in cities all over the country. From 2016 to 2021, the number of literature shows a trend of rapid growth, which is the stage of vigorous development of Chinese marathon. Secondly, marathon events, sports management, sports events, mass sports, city marathon are the research hotspot in the field of marathon. Overall, Chinese marathon research experiences the evolution of exploring the marathon training method and theory to the organization and management of the marathon sports event to the national fitness, sports economy and marathon sports injury. Thirdly, the main research topics of marathon are divided into five parts: altitude training and middle and long-distance running training methods of marathon runners and their body changes after training; The tourism effect brought by the marathon event; The experience economy and consumption upgrade driven by marathon; The city marathon spreads the city culture and promotes the sports economy; The sustainable development of marathon fever and its causes.

Ultra-wideband transmitter design based on a new transmitted reference pulse cluster

Yiming Huo,Xiaodai Dong,Ping Lu 한국통신학회 2017 ICT Express Vol.3 No.3

This study presents an energy efficient ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitter based on the novel transmitted reference pulse cluster (TRPC) modulation scheme. The TRPC-UWB transmitter integrates wideband active baluns, a wideband IQ modulator based on up-conversion mixers, and a differential-to-single-ended converter. The integrated circuits of the TRPC-UWB front end are designed and implemented in a low-cost 130-nm CMOS process. The measured worst-case carrier leakage suppression is 22.4 dBc, whereas the single sideband suppression is greater than 31.6 dBc, operating at a frequency from 3.1 to 8.2 GHz. With an adjustable data rate of 10 to 300 Mbps, the transmitter achieves good energy efficiency of 38.4 pJ/pulse and a maximum current consumption of 24.5 mA from a 1.2-V power supply.

Robust Relay Design for Two-Way Multi-Antenna Relay Systems with Imperfect CSI

Wang, Chenyuan,Dong, Xiaodai,Shi, Yi The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.1

The paper investigates the problem of designing the multiple-antenna relay in a two-way relay network by taking into account the imperfect channel state information (CSI). The objective is to design the multiple-antenna relay based upon the CSI estimates, where the estimation errors are included to attain the robust design under the worst-case philosophy. In particular, the worst-case transmit power at the multiple-antenna relay is minimized while guaranteeing the worst-case quality of service requirements that the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at both sources are above a prescribed threshold value. Since the worst-case received SNR expression is too complex for subsequent derivation and processing, its lower bound is explored instead by minimizing the numerator and maximizing the denominator of the worst-case SNR. The aforementioned problem is mathematically formulated and shown to be nonconvex. This motivates the pursuit of semidefinite relaxation coupled with a randomization technique to obtain computationally efficient high-quality approximate solutions. This paper has shown that the original optimization problem can be reformulated and then relaxed to a convex problem that can be solved by utilizing suitable randomization loop. Numerical results compare the proposed multiple-antenna relay with the existing nonrobust method, and therefore validate its robustness against the channel uncertainty. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed design and the associated influencing factors are discussed by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations.

Maximum Likelihood Receivers for DAPSK Signaling

Xiao Lei,Dong Xiaodai,Tjhung Tjeng T. The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2006 Journal of communications and networks Vol.8 No.2

This paper considers the maximum likelihood (ML) detection of 16-ary differential amplitude and phase shift keying (DAPSK) in Rayleigh fading channels. Based on the conditional likelihood function, two new receiver structures, namely ML symbol-by-symbol receiver and ML sequence receiver, are proposed. For the symbol-by-symbol detection, the conventional DAPSK detector is shown to be sub-optimum due to the complete separation in the phase and amplitude detection, but it results in very close performance to the ML detector provided that its circular amplitude decision thresholds are optimized. For the sequence detection, a simple Viterbi algorithm with only two states are adopted to provide an SNR gain around 1 dB on the amplitude bit detection compared with the conventional detector.

Performance of SC-FDE System in UWB Communications with Imperfect Channel Estimation

Wang, Yue,Dong, Xiaodai The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2007 Journal of communications and networks Vol.9 No.4

Single carrier block transmission with frequency domain equalization(SC-FDE) has been shown to be a promising candidate in ultra-wideband(UWB) communications. In this paper, we analyze the performance of SC-FDE over UWB communications with channel estimation error. The probability density functions of the frequency domain minimum mean-squared error(MMSE) equalizer taps are derived in closed form. The error probabilities of single carrier block transmission with frequency domain MMSE equalization under imperfect channel estimation are presented and evaluated numerically. Compared with the simulation results, our semi-analytical analysis yields fairly accurate bit error rate performance, thus validating the use of the Gaussian approximation method in the performance analysis of the SC-FDE system with channel estimation error.