A Novel Accessory Molecule Trim59 Involved in Cytotoxicity of BCG-Activated Macrophages

Xiangfeng Zhao,Dongmei Yan,Qihui Liu,Baiqiu Du,Peng Li,Qu Cui,Xiao Han,Bairong Du,Xun Zhu 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.34 No.3

BCG-activated macrophages (BAM) could kill the tumor cells through cell-cell contact. In this process membrane proteins play an important role. However, up to date, few membrane proteins were revealed. In this study, we se-lected a surface molecule named Trim59, which was spe-cifically expressed on BAM membrane (compared with the negative control). We cloned and prokaryoticly expressed the extracellular domain of Trim59, purified the recombinant protein and generated polyclonal antibodies. Immunohistochemistry showed that Trim59 abundantly expressed in spleen, stomach and ovary; intermediately expressed in brain, lung, kidney, muscle and intestine; but not in thymus, liver, heart, uterus. Using the antibodies to block Trim59 on BAM significantly reduced BAM cyto-toxicity against MCA207 cells. This demonstrated that Trim59 serves as an indispensable molecule in maintaining BAM activity. Overexpression of Trim59 in Raw264.7 cell line failed to lyse target MCA207 cells, which potentiated Trim59 per se could not enhance macrophage cytotoxicity; on another hand, overexpression of Trim59 enhance the pinocytosis and Phagocytosis activity of Raw-264.7, which imply Trim59 might mediate the cell-molecule interaction. Our results indicate Trim59 might be an essential accessory molecule in mediating BAM tumoricidal functions; and Trim59 is a phagocytosis-correlated molecule.

Creep Fracture Mechanism of a Single Crystal Nickel Base Alloy Under High Temperature and Low Stress

Xiangfeng Liang,Jili Wu,Yutao Zhao 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.4

This paper reports the creep behavior of a nickel-based single crystal alloy and the creep fracture mechanism under hightemperature and low stress was discussed. The creep curves were analyzed with the Kelvin model. The retardation spectrasuggest that the involved atoms during creep need more relaxation time to achieve the viscous flow, nevertheless, the creepunder the stress of 120 MPa may be caused by the mismatch of dislocation motion and visco-plastic deformation. The fracturemorphologies of crept alloys indicate that the nickel base single crystal alloy presents micro-pore aggregation fracturemechanism under the condition of high temperature and low stress creep.

NMAAP1 Expressed in BCG-Activated Macrophage Promotes M1 Macrophage Polarization

Liu, Qihui,Tian, Yuan,Zhao, Xiangfeng,Jing, Haifeng,Xie, Qi,Li, Peng,Li, Dong,Yan, Dongmei,Zhu, Xun Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.10

Macrophages are divided into two subpopulations: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). BCG (Bacilli Calmette-$Gu{\acute{e}}rin$) activates disabled $na{\ddot{i}}ve$ macrophages to M1 macrophages, which act as inflammatory, microbicidal and tumoricidal cells through cell-cell contact and/or the release of soluble factors. Various transcription factors and signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of macrophage activation and polarization. We discovered that BCG-activated macrophages (BAM) expressed a new molecule, and we named it Novel Macrophage Activated Associated Protein 1 (NMAAP1). 1 The current study found that the overexpression of NMAAP1 in macrophages results in M1 polarization with increased expression levels of M1 genes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 12 (IL-12), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-$1{\beta}$), and decreased expression of some M2 genes, such as Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), but not other M2 genes, including arginase-1 (Arg-1), Interleukin (IL-10), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-${\beta}$) and found in inflammatory zone 1 (Fizz1). Moreover, NMAAP1 overexpression in the RAW264.7 cell line increased cytotoxicity against MCA207 tumor cells, which depends on increased inflammatory cytokines rather than cell-cell contact. NMAAP1 also substantially enhanced the phagocytic ability of macrophages, which implies that NMAAP1 promoted macrophage adhesive and clearance activities. Our results indicate that NMAAP1 is an essential molecule that modulates macrophages phenotype and plays an important role in macrophage tumoricidal functions.

Selective absorption of H2S and CO2 from simulated coke oven gas by aqueous blends of N-methyldiethanolamine and tetramethylammonium glycine

Pan Zhang,Yuetong Zhao,Xiangfeng Tian,Yanxi Ji,Yuxuan Shu,Kun Fu,Dong Fu,Lemeng Wang 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.11

Tetramethylammonium glycine ([N1111][Gly]) can be completely ionized into cation [N1111]+ and anion [Gly] in aqueous solution. The anion contains an amino -NH2 and a carboxyl -COO, both of which can react with hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Therefore, [N1111][Gly] was used to promote the selective absorption of H2S in coke oven gas (COG) by N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). The absorption performance and selectivity of H2S in the aqueous solution of MDEA-[N1111][Gly] were investigated. The effects of MDEA mass fraction, [N1111][Gly] mass fraction, temperature, H2S partial pressure and CO2 partial pressure on the absorption capacity and selectivity were clarified. The results showed that an aqueous solution of MDEA-[N1111][Gly] has good selectivity for H2S in COG. The absorption capacity was large and the mass fraction of the solute in the absorbent reached more than 0.55, thereby having outstanding advantages in the aspects of saving energy consumption and operating cost and having a good application potential.

NMAAP1 Expressed in BCG-Activated Macrophage Promotes M1 Macrophage Polarization

Qihui Liu,Xun Zhu,Yuan Tian,Xiangfeng Zhao,Haifeng Jing,Qi Xie,Peng Li,Dong Li,Dongmei Yan 한국분자세포생물학회 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.10

Macrophages are divided into two subpopulations: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). BCG (Bacilli Calmette-Guérin) activates disabled naïve macrophages to M1 macrophages, which act as inflammatory, microbicidal and tumoricidal cells through cell-cell contact and/or the release of soluble factors. Various transcription factors and signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of macrophage activation and polarization. We discovered that BCG-activated macrophages (BAM) expressed a new molecule, and we named it Novel Macrophage Activated Associated Protein 1 (NMAAP1). 1 The current study found that the overexpression of NMAAP1 in macrophages results in M1 polarization with increased expression levels of M1 genes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 12 (IL-12), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and decreased expression of some M2 genes, such as Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), but not other M2 genes, including arginase-1 (Arg-1), Interleukin (IL-10), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and found in inflammatory zone 1 (Fizz1). Moreover, NMAAP1 overexpression in the RAW264.7 cell line increased cytotoxicity against MCA207 tumor cells, which depends on increased inflammatory cytokines rather than cell-cell contact. NMAAP1 also substantially enhanced the phagocytic ability of macrophages, which implies that NMAAP1 promoted macrophage adhesive and clearance activities. Our results indicate that NMAAP1 is an essential molecule that modulates macrophages phenotype and plays an important role in macrophage tumoricidal functions.

The Possible Mechanisms Involved in Citrinin Elimination by Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 and the Effects of Extrinsic Factors on the Degradation of Citrinin

( Xiaoyun Zhang ),( Zhen Lin ),( Maurice Tibiru Apaliya ),( Xiangyu Gu ),( Xiangfeng Zheng ),( Lina Zhao ),( Mandour Haydar Abdelhai ),( Hongyin Zhang ),( Weicheng Hu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.12

Citrinin (CIT) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi belonging to the Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Monascus spp. This toxin has been detected in many agricultural products. In this study, a strain Y3 with the ability to eliminate CIT was screened and identified as Cryptococcus podzolicus, based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region. Neither uptake of CIT by cells nor adsorption by cell wall was involved in CIT elimination by Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3. The extracellular metabolites of Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 stimulated by CIT or not showed no degradation for CIT. It indicated that CIT elimination was attributed to the degradation of intracellular enzyme(s). The degradation of CIT by C. podzolicus Y3 was dependent on the type of media, yeast concentration, temperature, pH, and initial concentration of CIT. Most of the CIT was degraded by C. podzolicus Y3 in NYDB medium at 42 h but not in PDB medium. The degradation rate of CIT was the highest (94%) when the concentration of C. podzolicus Y3 was 1 × 10⁸ cells/ml. The quantity of CIT degradation was highest at 28°C, and there was no degradation observed at 35°C. The study also showed that acidic condition (pH 4.0) was the most favorable for CIT degradation by C. podzolicus Y3. The degradation rate of CIT increased to 98% as the concentration of CIT was increased to 20 μg/ml. The toxicity of CIT degradation product(s) toward HEK293 was much lower than that of CIT.