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Guan, Xiang-Yu,Leem, Jung Woo,Lee, Soo Hyun,Jang, Ho-Jin,Kim, Jeong-Ho,Hann, Swook,Yu, Jae Su Optical Society of America 2015 Applied Optics Vol.54 No.5
<P>We fabricated amorphous silicon (a-Si)-based distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) consisting of alternating dense/porous films (i.e., pair) for a center wavelength (λ(c)) of 0.96 μm by oblique angle deposition (OAD) technique using an electron-beam evaporation system. The dense (high refractive index, i.e., high-n) and porous (low-n) a-Si films were deposited at two incident vapor flux angles of 0 and 80 in the OAD, respectively. Their optical reflectance characteristics were investigated in the wavelength range of 0.6-1.5 μm, including theoretical comparison using a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method. Above three pairs, the reflectivity (R) of a-Si DBRs was almost saturated at wavelengths around 0.96 μm, exhibiting R values of >97%. For the a-Si DBR with only three pairs, a broad normalized stop bandwidth (δλ/λ(c)) of 22.5% was obtained at wavelengths of 0.87-1.085??μm, keeping high R values of >95%. To simply demonstrate the feasibility of device applications, the a-Si DBR with three pairs was coated as a high-reflection layer at the rear facet of GaAs/InGaAs quantum-well laser diodes (LDs) operating at λ=0.96??μm. For the LDs coated with three-pair a-Si DBR, external differential quantum efficiency (η(d)) was nearly doubled compared to the uncoated LDs, indicating the η(d) value of 50.6% (i.e., η(d)25.5% for the uncoated LDs).</P>
Xiang-Yu Guan,임정우,이수현,장호진,김정호,한수욱,유재수 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.2
The device performance improvement of ridge waveguide (RWG) laser diodes (LDs), operating at a wavelength (l) of ~960 nm, with a metal-dielectric high-reflection (HR) mirror consisting of Au/TieSiO2 layers on the back facet was demonstrated. To determine the optimum thickness of each layer, optical reflection calculations were performed using a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method, which leads to the resultant Au (80 nm)/Ti (5 nm)eSiO2 (164 nm) layers. The layers exhibited a broad high reflection band of >91% over a wavelength range of 920e1000 nm, indicating the reflectivity of ~91.2% at l ~ 960 nm. For 2 mm-cavity RWG LDs with the Au/TieSiO2 HR mirror, an enhanced maximum output power (Pmax) of 499.3 mW at an injection current of 3000 mA and a decreased threshold current (Ith) of 516 mA (i.e., Pmax ¼ 259.4 mW and Ith ¼ 650 mA for the uncoated LDs) were obtained, showing an increased slope efficiency percentage of 82%. The external differential quantum efficiency was also increased from ~17.1 to ~31.1%. Also, the full widths at half maximum values of beam divergences of the device were 38 (vertical direction) and 4 (horizontal direction).
COVID-19 시기 중국 공유서비스 사용자 태도에 대한 영향요인 -이얼싼 공유의류 서비스를 중심으로-
관백상 ( Guan Bai Xiang ),박현정 ( Park Hyun Jung ) 한중사회과학학회 2022 한중사회과학연구 Vol.20 No.1
본 연구는 중국의 공유의류 플랫폼인 YCloset 이얼싼(衣貳參)의 이용자를 대상으로 하여 심리적 요인, 서비스 위험 인식, COVID-19 관련 요인과 이용태도 및 지속이용의도 간 관계를 확인하였고 연구 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 쾌락적 동기, 물질주의, 자아정체성, 신뢰가 모두 서비스 이용태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 특히 자아정체성의 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 서비스에 대한 위험 인식 요인으로서 경제적, 기능적, 사회적 위험 인식이 이용태도에 부정적 영향을 미치고 특히 기능적 위험의 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, COVID-19로 인하여 공유의류 서비스 이용에 대해 느끼는 위험, 심각성 인식, 그리고 오염에 대한 민감도가 높을수록 공유의류 서비스에 대한 이용태도가 저하되었고 공유의류 이용이 건강에 부정적인 영향을 미칠지 우려하는 위험 인식이 단순히 팬데믹에 대한 심각성 인식보다 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. This study examines the effects of psychological factors, risk perceptions, and pandemic- related variables that can affect the service attitude and continuous usage intention of sharing service by focusing on Chinese female users of sharing service for clothes. According to the results, hedonic motivation, materialism, self-identity, and trust were all positively affected the service usage attitude. Economical, functional, and social risk perception negatively affected the user attitude. Regarding COVID-19, the higher the risk, seriousness, and sensitivity to pollution, the lower the usage attitude. Risk perception on whether the use of shared clothed influences health due to contagion had a more significant impact than the perceived seriousness of the Pandemic. Usage attitude had a positive effect on the continuous usage intention.
Guan, Cheng-Nong,Zhang, Pei-Wen,Lou, Hai-Qing,Liao, Xiang-Hui,Chen, Bao-Ying Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the expression of DLC-l in breast carcinoma and any association with tumor metastasis. Methods: 51 surgical specimens of human breast carcinoma, divided into high invasive and low invasive groups according to their clinicopathological features, 30 cases of adjacent normal tissue and 28 benign breast lesions were examined by qRT-PCR for expression of DLC-1. Results: Expression level of DLC-1 in adjacent normal tissue and benign breast lesion specimens was higher than that in breast carcinoma (P<0.0001); the values in the high invasive group with synchronous metastases were also lower than in the low invasive group (P=0.0275). The correlation between DLC-1 expression level and tumor progression and metastasis of breast cancer was negative. Conclusion: As an anti-oncogene, DLC-1 could play an important part in breast carcinoma occurrence, progression, invasiveness and metastasis. Detecting the changes of the expression of DLC-1 in the breast carcinoma may contribute to earlier auxiliary diagnosis of invasiveness, metastasis and recrudescence.
Clinical Significance of Axin and β-catenin Protein Expression in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinomas
Guan, Cheng-Nong,Chen, Xin-Ming,Lou, Hai-Qing,Liao, Xiang-Hui,Chen, Bao-Ying,Zhang, Pei-Weng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2
The aim of the present research was to investigate clinicopathologic correlations of immunohistochemically-demonstrated axin (axis inhibition) and ${\beta}$-catenin expression in primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), in comparison with paraneoplastic, cirrhotic and normal liver tissues. Variation in Axin expression across groups were significant (P < 0.01), correlating with alpha fetoprotein (AFP), HBsAg, cancer plugs in the portal vein, and clinical stage of HCCs(P < 0.05); however, there were no links with sex, age, and tumour size (P > 0.05). Differences in cell membrane ${\beta}$-catenin expression were also statistically significant (P < 0.01), again correlated with AFP, HBsAg, cancer plugs in the portal vein, and clinical stage in HCCs (P < 0.05) but not with sex, age, and tumour size (P > 0.05). Axin expression levels in tissues with reduced membrane ${\beta}$-catenin were low (P < 0.05), also being low with nuclear ${\beta}$-catenin expression (P < 0.05). Axin and ${\beta}$-catenin may play an important role in the genesis and progression of HCC via the Wnt signal transmission pathway. Simultaneous determination of axin, ${\beta}$-catenin, AFP, and HBsAg may be useful for early diagnosis, and metastatic and clinical staging of HCCs.
A review of source tracking techniques for fine sediment within a catchment
Guan, Zhuo,Tang, Xiang-Yu,Yang, Jae E.,Ok, Yong Sik,Xu, Zhihong,Nishimura, Taku,Reid, Brian J. Springer-Verlag 2017 Environmental geochemistry and health Vol.39 No.6
<P>Excessive transport of fine sediment, and its associated pollutants, can cause detrimental impacts in aquatic environments. It is therefore important to perform accurate sediment source apportionment to identify hot spots of soil erosion. Various tracers have been adopted, often in combination, to identify sediment source type and its spatial origin; these include fallout radionuclides, geochemical tracers, mineral magnetic properties and bulk and compound-specific stable isotopes. In this review, the applicability of these techniques to particular settings and their advantages and limitations are reviewed. By synthesizing existing approaches, that make use of multiple tracers in combination with measured changes of channel geomorphological attributes, an integrated analysis of tracer profiles in deposited sediments in lakes and reservoirs can be made. Through a multi-scale approach for fine sediment tracking, temporal changes in soil erosion and sediment load can be reconstructed and the consequences of changing catchment practices evaluated. We recommend that long-term, as well as short-term, monitoring of riverine fine sediment and corresponding surface and subsurface sources at nested sites within a catchment are essential. Such monitoring will inform the development and validation of models for predicting dynamics of fine sediment transport as a function of hydro-climatic and geomorphological controls. We highlight that the need for monitoring is particularly important for hilly catchments with complex and changing land use. We recommend that research should be prioritized for sloping farmland-dominated catchments.</P>
Huang, Xiang,Guan, Dan,Shu, Yong-Qian,Liu, Lian-Ke,Ni, Fang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.10
Background: To investigate the change of frequency and immuno-inhibitory function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) after treatment of cisplatin (DDP) in A375 human melanoma model. Materials and Methods: BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with A375 cells to establish the human melanoma model and randomly divided into control group given normal saline (NS) and experimental group treated with DDP (5 mg/kg). The percentages of MDSCs in the tumor tissue and peripheral blood after DDP treatment were detected by flow cytometry. The proliferation and interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) secretion of T cells co-cultured with MDSCs were analyzed through carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling assay and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, respectively. Results: In A375 human melanoma model, DDP treatment could significantly decrease the percentage of MDSCs in the tumor tissue, but exerted no effect on the level of MDSCs in peripheral blood. Moreover, DDP treatment could attenuate the immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs. T cells co-cultured with DDP-treated MDSCs could dramatically elevate the proliferation and production of INF-${\gamma}$. Conclusions: DDP can decrease the frequency and attenuate immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs in A375 melanoma model, suggesting a potential strategy to augment the efficacy of combined immunotherapy.