優良室素固定菌의 探索分離 및 生理的 特性

朴愚喆,李光熙,金進鎬,李麟九,曺晋基 慶北大學校出版部 1987 慶北大農學誌 Vol.5 No.-

This experiment was conducted to search for Rhizobia with good nitrogen fixation abilities and to investigate their physiological characteristics isolated from 12 soybean cultivars and the affinities of root nodule bacteria with soybeans. The results obtained were as follows ; Based on colors, Rhizobia grown on YMA medium were divided into 3 groups, i. e., white, translucent and transparent, amounting to 60, 30 and 10%, respectively. In litmus milk reation, the strains which produced alkali, acid serum, alkaline serum and acid reached to 51, 29, 9 and 11%, respectively. Strains, S022, and S096 were slow-growers and produced alkaili, while strains, S080, S090, and S118 were fastgrowers and produced acid. The growth of root nodule bacteria on YMA medium was favorable between the initial pHs of 6.0~7.0. Glutamine, asparagine and allantoin as nitrogen sources enhanced the growth of root nodule bacteria. All the strains tested formed nodules on the soybean roots, and the strains with good symbiotic nitrogen fixation abilities that had white color, small colony, nitrate reduction abilities and no nitrite reduction abilities showed comparatively high nitrogen fixing activities. Some strains varied in nitrogen fixing activities according to soybean cultivars, and a few strains formed ineffective nodules which showed no nitrogen fixing activity.

知覺과 文化間 意思疏通

朴哲旴 培材大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

In order to develop the interacting relationships between communication and culture, we should emphasize the individual processes of culture which can be called subjective culture. As the study of human cognitive processes, subjective culture plays a dominant role in all cultural communication. Since a key aspect of subjective culture is individual perception, the thesis focuses upon this element as it relates to other cognitive processes, and again relates perception to such concepts as language, art, belief, personality, thought-patterning, and intelligence. It also refers to the principle of similarities and differences in the consideration of uniqueness attributes as perceptually developed in individuals and groups. Contributing to the notion of uniqueness in perception are such aspects as naming; scarcity, whether of in formation, or experience, or material goods; beliefs as unique; and performance as perceptually motivated in a positive or negative senses because of the feeling of uniqueness. For human behavior there exhists only subjective reality, which is the universe as perceived by individual, and thus all cultural communication is affected by individual perception.

根瘤菌의 人工接種이 大豆의 몇가지 形質에 미치는 影響

朴愚喆 慶北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.37 No.-

To elucidate the effect of Rhizobium japonicum inoculation and nitrogen application on nitrogen fixing ability of root nodules and finally on the critical character of soybean cultivars, an 11×2×2 factorial analysis experiment was conduceted using 7 species and 4 hybrids of soybean as plant materials, R. japonicum strains, 011 and 019, as inoculants and urea as nitrogen source. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Twenty four indigenous Rhizobium strains isolated from root nodules of soybean plant cultivated at experiment field in Kyungpook National University, were divided into 3 groups according to the intensity of nitrogen fixing ability among several physiological characters. The group having the highest nitrogen fixing ability included 8 strains. These strains showed the small colony size, the transparent alkaline or acidic serum in the litmus milk test and the negative reaction in the nitrite reduction test. 2. In the pot experiment, the nitrogen fixing ability and the allantoin content in the N application plot(N 8kg/10a) decreased at all the growth stages as compared with the control treatment, and the influence of N application was especially severe at the maximum flowering stage. 3. The effect of inoculation was significant at 1% level in root length, stem length and total dry matter, respectively and at 5% level in node number at maximum flowering stage, and at 1% level in stem length, pod number and total dry matter, respectively at the seed filling stage. N application had effect only on the branch numbers at the maximum flowering stage with significant difference of 5% lelvel. Among clutivars the difference was significant at 1% level in stem length and total dry matter, respectively at both maximum flowering and seed filling stage, and at 5% level in node and pod number, respectively at seed filling stage. 4. At maximum flowering stage, the nodule number and the nodule weight significantly increased at 1% level by Rhizobium inoculation, and N application increased the nodule number (p. <0.01) while it decreased the nodule weight (p.<0.05). 5. The nitrogen fixing ability at the maximum flowering stage was significantly enhanced at 1% level by the Rhizobium inocluation and N application in all the cultivars except for D_4 and JTI-800. At the seed filling stage, however, the cultivars that responded to the inocluation were Kwangkyo, D_4 and Danyup×Backchun while those responded to the nitrogen fertilizer were Milyang 5 and Backchun. In Chiquita×Milyang 5, the effect of N application on nitrogen fixing ability was higher with inoculation than with non-inoculation. All the cultivars except for those described above showed higher nitrogen fixing ability with non-inoculation plus non-N application treatment. 6. The effect of Rhizobium inoculation and nitrogen application on the 100 grain weight did not show the significant difference among the total treatment, but among cultivars 1% level of significant difference was observed. On the 100 grain weight, there was significant increase with inoculation at 1% and 5% level in Kwangkyo and Kwangkyo ×D_4, and D_4, respectively, and without inoculation at 1% level in Dangyup×Backchun. The N application brout about significant increase in the 100 grain weight at 1% level and 5% level in D_4 and Chiquita, and Danyup, respectively, while in Kwangkyo and Backchun, and Danyup×JTI-800 the 100 grain weight was reduced significantly at the level of 1% and 5%, respectively. The yield was significantly increased in treatments with inoculation and non-N application at 1% level, respectively. Among cultivars and among each treatment, there was significant difference at 5% or 1% level. Significant difference was observed among clutivars at 1% level, D_4 was the lowest and Backchun the highest in the yeild. Considering the effect on the yeild in each cultivar, with inoculation cultivars resulted in significant increase were D_4, and Kwangkyo and Backchun at 1% and 5% level, respectively, while those increased with N application were D_4 and Chiquita at 1% and 5% level, respectively. Kwangkyo, Danyup×Backchun, JTI-800 and Danyup×JTI-800 were high in yield with non-N application with significant difference of 5% or 1% level. 7. In protein content among the total treatment, the inoculation and the N application resulted in significant increase at 5% and 1% level, respectively. Rhizobium inoculation increased significantly the protein content in Backchun and Danyup×JTI-800 at 1% level, and N application showed significant increase at 5% or 1% level in all cultivars except for Danyup. Fat content had negative correlation with protein content as a whole. Inoculation significantly increased the fat content at 5% or 1% level in all cultivars except for Chiquita, Danyup×Backchun and JTI-800, wherease non-N application increased the fat content in all cultivars except for Kwangkyo×D_4. 8. Soybean cultivars hgh in affinity with inoculants were Kwangkyo, Milyang 5, Kwangkyo×D_4 and JTI-800, while those with indigenous were D_4, Backchun, Danyup×Backchun and Chiquita×Milyang 5. 9. Peroxidase isozyme bands in 11 cultivars were 10 in type. Their Rm values were 0.03, 0.1, 0.5, 0.58, 0.62, 0.7, 0.78, 0.86 and 0.93. Cultivars that showed change in peroxidase isozyme pattern by inoculation were Backchun and Danyup×Backchun, while those by N application were D_4, Chiquita, Backchun and Danyup×Backchun, while those by N application were D_4, Chiquita, Backchun and Danyup×Backchun. Those sensitive to both inoculation and N application were Kwangkyo, Kwangkyo×D_4, Backchun and Danyup×Milyang 5, Danyup, JTI-800 and Danyup×JTI-800. 10. Conculsively the critical characters in soybean investigated were influenced by Rhizobium inoculation more severely than by N application, but in some cultivars inoculation in combination with N application exerted a beneficial incluence.

鹽類濃度가 作物의 養分 吸收와 收量에 미치는 影響 : Ⅰ.培養液 窒素濃度가 사탕무우의 生育狀態와 잎의 窒素含量과 光合成活性 및 炭素分配에 미치는 影響 Ⅰ.Effects of Nitrogen Nutrition on Nitrogen Concentration, Photosynthesis, Carbon Partitioning of Leaf and Growth Status in Sugar Beet

朴愚喆,노-만 테리 慶北大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.50 No.-

This experiment was carried out to investigate effect of nitrogen cut-off treatment on growth status, leaf nitrogen concentration, photosynthesis and carbon partitioning in sugar beet(Beta vulgaris L. cv F58-554HI) under hydrophonics culture condition. The results obtained were as follows: 1. According to the concentration of nitrogen in nutrient medium the growth status was severely affected. However specific weight of one disc leaf was highest in no nitrogen treatment. It is believed that since plant has no enough nitrogen to synthesize new cell, the organized leaves cell of nitrogen cut-off treatment were more thickened than those of control treatment. 2. Photosynthesis of nitrogen deficient leaves was not incidentally decreased with nitrogen decrease. 3. Concentration of leaf soluble protein, nitrogen, total nitrogen in sugar beet treated with nitrogen cut-off was decreased proportionally with nitrogen concentration of nutrient medium. 4. In the nitrogen deficient leaves the concentration of glucose, sucrose and starch was remarkedly higher than those of nitrogen enough leaves. It seemed that the carbon partitioning was irregulated by the nitrogen deficient because the leaves could not use the carbon as sources to built new cell in the lack of nitrogen.

낙동강 수계의 지역적ㆍ시기별 수질 특성 조사

박우철,서상현,강상재,김준근 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1998 慶北大農學誌 Vol.16 No.-

1996년과 1997년도 2년동안 1월부터 12월까지의 영남지역의 5개소를 선정하여 실험하였다. 본 실험에서 조사한 지역은 낙동강 유로연장 521.1km중 57%에 해당하는 경상북도 유로구간 298.1km로서 상류지역 3개소(안동, 상주, 구미), 중류지역 2개소(왜관, 고령)로 총 5개소에 대해 실시하여 낙동강의 수질오염 특성을 알아보고 낙동강 수질 개선 및 장례에 예상되는 수질악화에 대비한 물 관리의 기초자료로서 활용하고자 본연구를 시도하였으며 그 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 낙동강의 조사지역 5개소의 pH는 공히 6.5∼8.6 정도를 나타내었다. 2. 용존산소량(DO), 화학적 산소요구량(COD), 생물학적 산소요구량(BOD)은 여름철에 낮아지고 겨울철에 높아지는 현상이 관찰되었다. 3. 부유물질(SS)은 여름철에 급격히 높아지는 현상이 관찰되었다. 4. 총인과 총질소는 조류가 번식하여 부영양화를 일으킬 만큼 높은 수준은 관찰되지 않았으나 상당한 수준의 양이 관찰되었다. 5. NH₄+-N와 NO₃--N는 비교적 높은 수준이 관찰되었다. The purpose of this survey was to investigate the regional and seasonal characteristics of a water system and to obtain basic information of a water system at Andong bridge, Nakdan bridge, Kangjung, Waekwan bridge and Koryung bridge along Nakdong River. We surveyed the water quality in the Nakdong River for 2 years from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1997. The results summarized were follows; 1) The pH in the Nakdong River on the basic of 2 years average were 6.5-8.6. 2) The DO, the COD and the BOD were low level in summer and high level in winter, respectively. 3) The suspended solids(SS) contents was high especially in summer. 4) The T-P and the T-N contents were higher than the lower level of nitrogen and phosphorous for algae growth and the contents were high especially in winter. 5) The NH₄+-N and NO₃--N were also observed to be quite high.

대두 근류균의 리포 다당과 Lectin의 결합성

박우철,김진호,강상재 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1997 慶北大農學誌 Vol.15 No.-

근류균과 두과작물의 공생에서 숙주결합성을 조사하기 위하여 대두 종자 및 유근으로부터 분리한 lectin과 근류균의 표피다당과의 결합성을 확인한 결과는 다음과 같다. 팔달, 백운 및 황금으로부터 분리한 종자선을 형성하였다. 대두 종자 lectin및 뿌리 추출물은 R. japonicum및 B. japonicum과 결합하였고 R. viceae와는 결합 하지 않았으며 완두의 lectin은 R. viceae와 결합하였으나 R. japonicum및 B. japonicum과는 결합 하지 않았다. B. japonicum과 R. viceae로 부터 분리한 세포표피 다당의 겔 여과한 결과 두개의 분획으로 각각 나타났다. B. japonicum으로 부터 분리한 표피다당은 대두의 종자 lectin과 결합하였으나 R. viceae로 부터 분리한 표피다당은 대두 lectin과 결합하지 않았다. 이상의 결과로부터 근류균이 숙주세포와 결합할 때 숙주를 인식하는 초기 단계에서 lectin이 관여함을 추론할 수 있고 이것이 상호접종군을 형성하는데 매개역할을 하는 것으로 추정할 수 있었다. This study was carried out to research the biological characteristics among rhizobia and soybean seed and root lectins, and to obtain a basic imformation of host specificity in biological nitrogen symbiosis system. The results obtained were as follows; Purified seed lectin from soybean varieties of paldal, backwoon and hwangkeum formed immunoprecipitin lines with standard soybean seed lectin and the root lectins from soybean seedlings immunoelectrophoretically. Soybean seed and root lectins interacted with Rhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, but didn't interacted with Rhizobium, viceae, whereas pea lectin conjugated with R. viceae, but didn't bind with R. japonicum and B. japonicum. Lipopolysaccharides of B. japonicum and R. viceae were fractionated into LPS Ⅰand LPS Ⅱ on the sephadex G-50. Lipopolysaccharides from B. japonicum showed rhe binding activity both with soybean seed lectin and root lectin, but those from R. viceae didn't show it with soybean seed and root lectins.

R.I.를 利用한 作物의 Ion 吸收에 關한 硏究 : I. 大麥에 있어서 培養液中 無機 Ion 濃度가 그들 無機 Ion의 吸收에 미치는 影響 I. The effects on the absorption of inorganic ions by the concentrations of each ions in barley

朴愚喆,李東右,沈相七 진주농과대학 1966 진주농과대학 연구논문집 Vol.- No.5

無機 Ion中 P, S 및 Ca의 吸收速度 및, 培養液中의 이들 Ion濃度가 各 Ion의 吸收量에 어떤 影響을 미치는가를, 大麥 幼植物에서 實驗한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1) 無機 Ion 吸收速度는 P가 가장 빨랐고, 그다음이 S, Ca 順이었다. 2) 培養液의 Ion濃度 增加에 따라 吸收量도 增加했으나 吸收速度가 가장 빠른 P의 飽和濃度가 가장 낮았고 S가 그다음 이었다. 그러나 Ca는 飽和濃度를 나타내지 않았다. 3) 根의 Ion 吸收量에 比例해서 莖葉에로의 移行量도 上昇했다. 4) 培養液中 P의 濃度는 25×10-2mM, S의 濃度는 50×10-2mM, Ca의 濃度는 50×10-2mM 程度가 短時間 實驗에는 좋을 듯 하다. The present experiment used the radio isotopes was established to study the relation between the inorganic ions absorption of the young barley plant and their concentrations contained in the nutrient solution when they were cultivated in the water culture solution. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In the absorption rate of inorganic ions, such as P, S and Ca, in the young barley plant, the phosphate ion was absorbed very fast, and the sulfate and the calcium ion were absorbed very slowly, however, the sulfate ion was faster than the calcium ion from the nutrient solution. 2. The ion absorption was increased at first low concentrations in the young barley plant, however, in accordance with the increasing concentrations the ion absorption was nearly constant. But the calcium ion absorption with insistantly slowly increased with the ion concentrations of calcium from the nutrient solution. 3. The translocation of ions to the shoots from the roots was identically increased with the ions absorption rate of roots of the young barley plant in this short term experiment. 4. The optimum concentration of phosphate was 25×10-²mM, and of sulfate and of calcium, 50×10-²mM respectively, in the nutrient solution during short term experiment.

文化와 非言語的 傳達

朴哲旴 培材大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The use of the term "nonverbal" is misleading, especially since the word seems to include everything except language itself. At the same time, it is of course hard to define and set bounderies for nonverbal communication. As codes, however, nonverbal communication can he seen as sign-language, action-language, or object-language. Nonverbal communication codes are very often linked with language as a code, and can scarcely be separated from language. Just as language is inherently tied to culture in general and with individual cultures specifically, so too is nonverbal communication. Within a cultured it is almost possible to say that the culture itself is defined by the importance placed on individual senses, often of o non-verbal quality and the ratio of emphasis toward particular senses within a society. Among those senses, touch and tactility play a varying role in different cultures, with some cultures appearing to be "no-touch culture, "with others are heavily "touch" oriented. The Eskimo is a example of a heavily tactile culture. Additionally, many nonverbal codes are learned perceptually, that is, on the basis of previously learned individual experiences. Based on the examples which were offerec here, we can assume that nonverbal codes do play a significant role in culture. And cultural differences in behavior in terms of nonverbal cues cause the most serious communication breakdowns at the intercultural or interracial levels. At the same time, we should note the possibility that such examples have their own potential for crosscultural stereo typing and should be viewed critically by those interested in avoiding crosscultural problems.

言語構造와 思考方式

朴哲旴 培材大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

This paper examines the relation between thought and language in the light of recent linguistic art psychological investigations of sentences and has outlined how syntactic order determines the order of perceptual and productive activities in the course of speech. The particular order of perceptual and productive operations determines song of the linguistically communicated cultural ideas within the concept conveyed by each sentence, without affecting the semantic meaning. If the syntactic structure of a language restricts in this way the kinds of linguistic concepts that can be communicated, then we can restate the Whorfian hypothesis to include the role of grammatical patterns in limiting thought. A good deal of scientific effort has been devoted to investigating the Whorfian claim that language determines forms of thought. The upshot to this research is that meanings that are encoded within a language within a single word are more easily codes and retained in specific tasks, but there is no clear evidence that such influences determine momentary perceptions, or logical conceptual ability, as many hale interpreted Whorf to have proposed. Thus, the ease with which we can process various meanings is influenced by the language that we use, but the possible occurrence of meanings is not necessary limited by the language we use.

Ninhydrin에 依한 窒素의 吸光光度 分析法에 關한 硏究

朴愚喆 진주농과대학 1967 진주농과대학 연구논문집 Vol.- No.6

A method of the colorimetric determination of nitrogen has been developed based on the fact that NH₃-N forms a stable purple complex with ninhydrin which is suitable for spectrophotometric determination of nitrogen in the concentration range of 0.2 to 22㎍ per ml. as NH₃. The determination was carried out in the solution of pH5.5 and the absorbancy of complex was measured at 570mμwith Colemann spectrophotometer. The effects of hydrogen ion concentration, reagent concentration and stability of complex were studied.