Identification of Population-Specific QTLs for Flowering in Soybean

Weixian Liu,김문영,반규정,Suli Sun,이석하 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.4

Flowering is an important stage in plant development and crucial for adaptation of plant species to different environments. Two soybean mapping populations were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to flowering (DF) and days to maturity (DM) by genotyping simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Single-factor analysis of variance detected association of phenotypic data with SSR markers in each population. DF QTLs were identified on four chromosomes (chrs.); two QTLs located on chrs. 2 and 13 with Satt041 and Satt206 in the Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 population and other two DF QTLs were detected on chrs. 6 and 19 with Satt100 and Satt373 in the Iksannamulkong x SS2-2 population. The major QTLs associated with Satt100 explained 30.3% of maximum phenotypic variation. Especially, all DF QTLs included QTLs for DM, except Satt206 on chr. 13. Moreover, two additional DM QTLs were mapped on chrs. 10 and 11 with Satt243 and Satt359, respectively. DF QTL on chr. 2 with Satt041 was the newly identified QTL only in the Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 population and explained 10.3% of the phenotypic variation. The single locus of Satt100 on chr. 6 and Satt373 on chr. 19 were located on soybean genomic regions of the known flowering gene loci E1 and E3,respectively. These population-specific QTLs (Satt100 and Satt373) are the major QTLs for flowering time, putatively, they may be related to maturity QTLs with large effect. Additionally, these QTLs are valuable for marker-assisted approaches and could be widely adopted by soybean breeders.

QTLIdentification of Yield-Related Traits and their Association with Flowering and Maturity in Soybean

Weixian Liu,이석하,김문영,Kyujung Van,이영호,Hulin Li,Xianhu Liu 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

Two soybean recombinant inbred line populations, Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 (J x S) and Iksannamulkong x SS2-2 (I x S) showed population-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to flowering (DF) and days to maturity (DM) and these were closely correlated within population. In the present study, we identified QTLs for six yield-related traits with simple sequence repeat markers, and biological correlations between flowering traits and yield-related traits. The yield-related traits included plant height (PH), node numbers of main stem (NNMS), pod numbers per plant (PNPP), seed numbers per pod (SNPP), 100-seed weight (SW), and seed yield per plant (SYPP). Eighteen QTLs for six yield-related traits were detected on nine chromosomes (Chrs), containing four QTLs for PH, two for NNMS, two for PNPP, three for SNPP, five for SW, and two for SYPP. Two highly significant QTLs for PH and NNMS were identified on Chr 6 (LG C2) in both populations where the major flowering gene, E1, and two DF and DM QTLs were located. One other PNPP QTL was also located on this region, explaining 12.9% of phenotypic variation. Other QTLs for yield-related traits showed population-specificity. Two significant SYPP QTLs potentially related with QTLs for SNPP and PNPP were found on the same loci of Chrs 8 (Satt390) and 10 (Sat_108). Also, highly significant positive phenotypic correlations (P < 0.01) were found between DF with PH, NNMS, PNPP, and SYPP in both populations, while flowering was negatively correlated with SNPP and SW in the J x S (P < 0.05) and I x S (P < 0.01) populations. Similar results were also shown between DM and yield-related traits, except for one SW. These QTLs identified may be useful for marker-assisted selection by soybean breeders.

Approximating Bézier Curves by Cubic Bézier Curves with a Linear Field of Normal Vectors

Weixian Huang,Congjian Jin,Guojin Wang (사)한국CDE학회 2010 한국CAD/CAM학회 국제학술발표 논문집 Vol.2010 No.8

In order to derive the offset curves by using cubic Bezier curves with a linear field of normal vectors (the so-called LN Bezier curves) more efficiently, three methods for approximating degree n Bezier curves by cubic LN Bezier curves are presented. The approximation based on shifting control points is equivalent to solving a quadratic equation, and the approximation based on L₂ norm is equivalent to solving a quartic equation. In addition, the sufficient and necessary condition of optimal approximation based on Hausdorff distance is presented, accordingly the algorithm for approximating the degree n Bezier curves based on Hausdorff distance is derived. Numerical examples show that the error of approximation based on Hausdorff distance is much smaller than that of approximation based on shifting control points and L₂ norm, furthermore, the algorithm based on Hausdorff distance in much simple and convenient.

QTL Identification of Yield-Related Traits and their Association with Flowering and Maturity in Soybean

Liu, Weixian,Kim, Moon-Young,Van, Kyu-Jung,Lee, Yeong-Ho,Li, Hulin,Liu, Xianhu,Lee, Suk-Ha 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

Two soybean recombinant inbred line populations, $Jinpumkong\;2{\times}SS2-2$ ($J{\times}S$) and $Iksannamulkong\;{\times}SS2-2$ ($I{\times}S$) showed population-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to flowering (DF) and days to maturity (DM) and these were closely correlated within population. In the present study, we identified QTLs for six yield-related traits with simple sequence repeat markers, and biological correlations between flowering traits and yield-related traits. The yield-related traits included plant height (PH), node numbers of main stem (NNMS), pod numbers per plant (PNPP), seed numbers per pod (SNPP), 100-seed weight (SW), and seed yield per plant (SYPP). Eighteen QTLs for six yield-related traits were detected on nine chromosomes (Chrs), containing four QTLs for PH, two for NNMS, two for PNPP, three for SNPP, five for SW, and two for SYPP. Two highly significant QTLs for PH and NNMS were identified on Chr 6 (LG C2) in both populations where the major flowering gene, E1, and two DF and DM QTLs were located. One other PNPP QTL was also located on this region, explaining 12.9% of phenotypic variation. Other QTLs for yield-related traits showed population-specificity. Two significant SYPP QTLs potentially related with QTLs for SNPP and PNPP were found on the same loci of Chrs 8 (Satt390) and 10 (Sat_108). Also, highly significant positive phenotypic correlations (P < 0,01) were found between DF with PH, NNMS, PNPP, and SYPP in both populations, while flowering was negatively correlated with SNPP and SW in the $J{\times}S$ (P < 0,05) and $I{\times}S$ (P < 0,01) populations. Similar results were also shown between DM and yield-related traits, except for one SW. These QTLs identified may be useful for marker-assisted selection by soybean breeders.

Identification of Population-Specific QTLs for Flowering in Soybean

Liu, Weixian,Kim, Moon-Young,Van, Kyu-Jung,Sun, Su-Li,Lee, Suk-Ha 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.4

Flowering is an important stage in plant development and crucial for adaptation of plant species to different environments. Two soybean mapping populations were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to flowering (DF) and days to maturity (DM) by genotyping simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Single-factor analysis of variance detected association of phenotypic data with SSR markers in each population. DF QTLs were identified on four chromosomes (chrs.); two QTLs located on chrs. 2 and 13 with Satt041 and Satt206 in the Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 population and other two DF QTLs were detected on chrs. 6 and 19 with Satt100 and Satt373 in the Iksannamulkong x SS2-2 population. The major QTLs associated with Satt100 explained 30.3% of maximum phenotypic variation. Especially, all DF QTLs included QTLs for DM, except Satt206 on chr. 13. Moreover, two additional DM QTLs were mapped on chrs. 10 and 11 with Satt243 and Satt359, respectively. DF QTL on chr. 2 with Satt041 was the newly identified QTL only in the Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 population and explained 10.3% of the phenotypic variation. The single locus of Satt100 on chr. 6 and Satt373 on chr. 19 were located on soybean genomic regions of the known flowering gene loci E1 and E3, respectively. These population-specific QTLs (Satt100 and Satt373) are the major QTLs for flowering time, putatively, they may be related to maturity QTLs with large effect. Additionally, these QTLs are valuable for marker-assisted approaches and could be widely adopted by soybean breeders.

Correcting the Elastic-modulus Error of Quartz Glass Using Digital Speckle-pattern Interferometry

Ziyang Song,Weixian Li,Sijin Wu,Lianxiang Yang 한국광학회 2023 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.4

Three-point bending is the main method for measuring the elastic modulus of a thin plate. Although various displacement transducers may be used to measure the bending, these are single-point measurements, and it is difficult to eliminate the error caused by eccentric load and shear force. Error-correction models for the elastic modulus of quartz glass using digital speckle interferometry are proposed for eccentric load and shear force. First, the positional misalignment between maximum deflection and load is analyzed, and the error caused by eccentric load is corrected. Then, the additional displacement caused by shear force at different positions of the quartz glass plate is explored. The effect of shear deformation is also corrected, by measuring two points. Since digital speckle interferometry has the advantage of full-field measurement, it can simultaneously obtain deflection data for multiple points to realize error correction. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively correct the measurement error of the elastic modulus.

Activation of the Unfolded Protein Response via Co-expression of the HAC1i Gene Enhances Expression of Recombinant Elastase in Pichia pastoris

Minghai Han,Weixian Wang,Jianli Zhou,Xun Gong,Cunbin Xu,Yinfeng Li,Qiang Li 한국생물공학회 2020 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.25 No.2

The effects of activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) via co-expression of the HAC1i gene on the production of the recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase (rPAE) in Pichia pastoris GS115 were evaluated in this study. The results showed that expression of the HAC1i gene significantly increased the level of Kar2p (a hallmark of UPR activation) in P. pastoris GS115, demonstrating activation of the UPR. This gene did not affect the growth of yeast in the buffered glycerol-complex medium but stimulated its growth in the buffered methanolcomplex medium. Co-expression of the HAC1i gene enhanced the expression level of the heterogeneously Nglycosylated forms of rPAE, as the caseinolytic activity in the supernatant of the various glycoforms of rPAE expressed in P. pastoris GS115/HAC1 was increased 1.8—3.9-fold compared to that in the control strain P. pastoris GS115, respectively. The stimulating effects of co-expression of the gene on rPAE production were observed when 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% methanol were added every 24 h, as the caseinolytic activity of supernatants of P. pastoris GS115/HAC1 expressing wild-type of rPAE was increased 3.3-, 1.9-, and 1.7-fold at the corresponding methanol concentration. Further, activation of UPR via co-expression of the HAC1i gene enhanced rPAE secretion in P. pastoris at 20, 24, and 28°C, as the caseinolytic activity of supernatants of P. pastoris GS115/HAC1 expressing wild-type rPAE was increased 2.3-, 2.1-, and 2.8-fold over the tested temperatures.

Multifunctional hydrogels: advanced therapeutic tools for osteochondral regeneration

Wenqian Zhang,Kangkang Zha,Weixian Hu,Yuan Xiong,Samuel Knoedler,Doha Obed,Adriana C. Panayi,Ze Lin,Faqi Cao,Bobin Mi,Guohui Liu 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Various joint pathologies such as osteochondritis dissecans, osteonecrosis, rheumatic disease, and trauma, may result in severe damage of articular cartilage and other joint structures, ranging from focal defects to osteoarthritis (OA). The osteochondral unit is one of the critical actors in this pathophysiological process. New approaches and applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine continue to drive the development of OA treatment. Hydrogel scaffolds, a component of tissue engineering, play an indispensable role in osteochondral regeneration. In this review, tissue engineering strategies regarding osteochondral regeneration were highlighted and summarized. The application of hydrogels for osteochondral regeneration within the last five years was evaluated with an emphasis on functionalized physical and chemical properties of hydrogel scaffolds, functionalized delivery hydrogel scaffolds as well as functionalized intelligent response hydrogel scaffolds. Lastly, to serve as guidance for future efforts in the creation of bioinspired hydrogel scaffolds, a succinct summary and new views for specific mechanisms, applications, and existing limitations of the newly designed functionalized hydrogel scaffolds were offered.

Scene-based Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm Based on Temporal Median Filter

Lixiang Geng,Qian Chen,Weixian Qian,Yuzhen Zhang 한국광학회 2013 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.17 No.3

Scene-based nonuniformity correction techniques for infrared focal-plane arrays have been widely considered as a key technology, and various algorithms have been proposed to compensate for fixed-pattern noise. However, the existed algorithms’ capability is always restricted by the problems of convergence speed and ghosting artifacts. In this paper, an effective scene-based nonuniformity correction method is proposed to solve these problems. The algorithm is an improvement over the constant statistics method and a temporal median is utilized with the Gaussian kernel to estimate the nonuniformity parameters. Also theoretical analysis is conducted to demonstrate that effective ghosting artifacts elimination and superior convergence speed can be obtained with the proposed method. Finally, the performance of the proposed technique is tested with infrared image sequences with simulated nonuniformity and with infrared imagery with real nonuniformity. The results show the proposed method is able to estimate each detector’s gain and to offset reliably and that it performs better in increasing convergence speed and reducing ghosting artifacts compared with the conventional techniques.

Zn2þ-Doped Carbon Dots, a Good Biocompatibility Nanomaterial Applied for Bio-Imaging and Inducing Osteoblastic Differentiation In Vitro

Yang Meng,Mingxi Yang,Xinchan Liu,Weixian Yu,Bai Yang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.3

Multifunctional photoluminescent (PL) nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest in terms of their potential applications in the field of clinical medicine. Carbon dots (CDs), as emerging optical nanomaterials, are promising in various fields including biological imaging, drug transport and nerve tracing. However, little research has investigated on bone tissue engineering as of now. In this study, a new kind of bifunctional Zn2+-doped carbon dots (Zn-CDs) has been synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method, Zn-CDs show effective fluorescent imaging and induce osteoblastic differentiation abilities in vitro. Moreover, compared with the raw material, Zn-CDs exhibited more effective osteoblastic differentiation promoting capability. Overall, the biocompatible nanomaterial Zn-CDs show potential to be used as a promising novel nanodrug for bone loss therapy and also a monitor of cell variation by fluorescence imaging.