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Modification of a Smoking Motivation Questionnaire for Chinese Medical Students
Jiang, Chao,Sun, Wen-Jie,Wan, Yan-Chun,Wei, Ming-Wei,Mu, Yong-Ping,Tarver, Siobhan L.,Gao, Yong-Qing,Hu, Tian,Xu, Chao,Gordon, James,Feng, Cindy Xin,Wen, Yu-Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6
Introduction: Smoking prevalence among the medical students is high in China. Therefore, understanding the smoking motivations of medical students is crucial for smoking control, but currently there are no scales questionnaires customized for probing the smoking motivations of medical students. This aim of study was to test and modify a questionnaire for investigating smoking motivations among medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,125 medical students at Xuzhou Medical College in China in 2012.The model fit and validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by single-item reliability, composite reliability, and item-total correlation. Results: The prevalence of smoking was 9.84 % among study population. In the modified scales, the global fit indices identified a CFI value of 0.96, TLI was 0.96, and the RMSEA was 0.063. CFA supported the two dimensional structure of the instrument. The average variance extracted ranged from 0.45 to 0.62. All single-item reliability scores were greater than 0.20, and the composite reliability ranged from 0.74 to 0.91. Conclusion: Modified scales could be the preliminary instrument used in evaluating the smoking motivations of medical students. However, it should be further assessed using other forms and methods of validity and reliability, additional motivations of smoking, and the survey of other medical colleges in China.
Chao Chen,Yumei Wang,Chun Su,Xinqing Zhao,Ming Li,Xiaowei Meng,김영우,양승환,Yushu Ma,Dong-Zhi Wei,서주원 한국응용생명화학회 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.1
Passalora fulva (or Fulvia fulva) is the causalmicroorganism of tomato leaf mold, the outbreak of whichoccurs worldwide in greenhouse especially when humidityis high. However, studies on antifungal agents of P. fulvaare still very limited. In this study, a marine-derivedStreptomyces albidoflavus strain L131 showing potentinhibitory activities against P. fulva was identified andcharacterized. The active antifungal components wereobtained, and studies on the antifungal mechanisms of thecrude extract showed that the antifungal metabolites ofL131 caused damage of hyphae and spore development, aswell as plasma membrane of P. fulva. In addition, accumulationof endogenous reactive oxygen species of the leafpathogen was also observed after treatment by cultureextracts of L131. To our knowledge, this is the first reporton the studies of the antifungal mechanisms againstP. fulva, which benefit further development of biocontrolagent against tomato leaf mold disease.
( Chun-chi Lin ),( Shu-chen Wei ),( Been-ren Lin ),( Wen-sy-tsai ),( Jinn-shiun Chen ),( Tzu-chi Hsu ),( Wei-chen Lin ),( Tien-yu Huang ),( Te-hsin Chao ),( Hung-hsin Lin ),( Jau-min Wong ),( Jen-kou 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.3
Background/Aims: With the recent progress in medical treatment, surgery still plays a necessary and important role in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In this study, we analyzed the surgical results and outcomes of UC in Taiwan in the recent 20 years, via a multi-center study through the collaboration of Taiwan Society of IBD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of surgery data of UC patients from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2014, in 6 Taiwan major medical centers was conducted. The patients’ demographic data, indications for surgery, and outcome details were recorded and analyzed. Results: The data of 87 UC patients who received surgical treatment were recorded. The median post-operative follow-up duration was 51.1 months and ranged from 0.4 to 300 months. The mean age at UC diagnosis was 45.3±16.0 years and that at operation was 48.5±15.2 years. The 3 leading indications for surgical intervention were uncontrolled bleeding (16.1%), perforation (13.8%), and intractability (12.6%). In total, 27.6% of surgeries were performed in an emergency setting. Total or subtotal colectomy with rectal preservation (41.4%) was the most common operation. There were 6 mortalities, all due to sepsis. Emergency operation and low pre-operative albumin level were significantly associated with poor survival (P =0.013 and 0.034, respectively). Conclusions: In the past 20 years, there was no significant change in the indications for surgery in UC patients. Emergency surgeries and low pre-operative albumin level were associated with poor survival. Therefore, an optimal timing of elective surgery for people with poorly controlled UC is paramount.
Cloning of OLR1 Gene in Pig Adipose Tissue and Preliminary Study on Its Lipid-accumulating Effect
Sun, Chao,Liu, Chun-wei,Zhang, Zhong-pin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.10
In this study we cloned and characterized a novel lipid-accumulating gene, the oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1), which is associated with lipogenesis. We analyzed the gene structure and detected the mRNA transcriptional expression levels in pig adipose tissues at different months of age (MA) and in different economic types (lean type and obese type) using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. OLR1 expression profile in different tissues of pig was analyzed. Finally, we studied the correlation between OLR1 and lipid metabolism related genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated $receptor{\gamma}2$ ($PPAR{\gamma}2$), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH), CAAT/enhancer binding protein $\alpha$ ($C/EBP{\alpha}$) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). Results indicated that the OLR1 gene of the pig exhibited the highest homology with the cattle (84%), and the lowest with the mouse (27%). The signal peptide located from amino acid 38 to 60 and the domain from amino acid 144 to 256 were shared by the C-type lectin family. The expression level of OLR1 in pig lung was exceedingly higher than other tested tissues (p<0.01). In pig adipose tissue, the expression level of OLR1 mRNA increased significantly with growth (p<0.01). The expression level of OLR1 mRNA in obese-type pigs was significantly higher than that of lean-type pigs of the same monthly age (p<0.05). In adipose tissue, the expression of OLR1 correlated with $PPAR{\gamma}2$, FAS and SREBP-1c, but not TGH or C/EBP${\alpha}$. In conclusion, OLR1 was highly associated with fat deposition and its transcription, as suggested by high correlations, was possibly regulated by $PPAR{\gamma}2$ and SREBP-1c.
Chen, Chao,Wang, Yumei,Su, Chun,Zhao, Xinqing,Li, Ming,Meng, Xiaowei,Jin, Yingyu,Yang, Seung-Hwan,Ma, Yushu,Wei, Wei,Joo-Won, Suh 한국응용생명화학회 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.1
Passalora fulva (or Fulvia fulva) is the causal microorganism of tomato leaf mold, the outbreak of which occurs worldwide in greenhouse especially when humidity is high. However, studies on antifungal agents of P. fulva are still very limited. In this study, a marine-derived Streptomyces albidoflavus strain L131 showing potent inhibitory activities against P. fulva was identified and characterized. The active antifungal components were obtained, and studies on the antifungal mechanisms of the crude extract showed that the antifungal metabolites of L131 caused damage of hyphae and spore development, as well as plasma membrane of P. fulva. In addition, accumulation of endogenous reactive oxygen species of the leaf pathogen was also observed after treatment by culture extracts of L131. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the studies of the antifungal mechanisms against P. fulva, which benefit further development of biocontrol agent against tomato leaf mold disease.
Research progress of defective MoS2 for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Liu Chao,Kong Cui,Zhang Feng-Jun,Kai Chun-Mei,Cai Wei-Qin,Sun Xian-Yang,오원춘 한국세라믹학회 2021 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.58 No.2
The potential application of MoS 2 as a potential H 2 precipitation photocatalyst has received widespread attention and is considered a promising alternative to precious metal cocatalysts due to its richness and low cost. However, the catalytic active center of MoS 2 is only along the edge of the MoS 2 layer. Both theoretical and experimental studies have shown that defect engineering can increase the active site of MoS 2 and has superior activity in catalytic reactions. Therefore, this review describes the nature, defect types, and preparation of defective MoS 2 . Due to the recombination of MoS 2 and semiconductor has specifi c interface characteristics, Schottky heterojunctions can provide accelerated charge separation and lower Schottky barriers for photocatalytic applications, they are eff ective photocatalysts. Therefore, the preparation of the defect MoS 2 -supported semiconductor photocatalyst and its application in the photocatalytic water splitting reaction are also introduced. This article’s profound understanding of defects can consolidate basic photocatalysis theory and provide new insights for the rational design of satisfactory defect engineering photocatalytic materials.
( Shu-Chen Wei ),( Ting-An Chang ),( Te-Hsin Chao ),( Jinn-Shiun Chen ),( Jen-Wei Chou ),( Yenn-Hwei Chou ),( Chiao-Hsiung Chuang ),( Wen-Hung Hsu ),( Tien-Yu Huang ),( Tzu-Chi Hsu ),( Chun-Chi Lin ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.3
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic mucosal inflammation of the colon, and the prevalence and incidence of UC have been steadily increasing in Taiwan. A steering committee was established by the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease to formulate statements on the diagnosis and management of UC taking into account currently available evidence and the expert opinion of the committee. Accurate diagnosis of UC requires thorough clinical, endoscopic, and histological assessment and careful exclusion of differential diagnoses, particularly infectious colitis. The goals of UC therapy are to induce and maintain remission, reduce the risk of complications, and improve quality of life. As outlined in the recommended treatment algorithm, choice of treatment is dictated by severity, extent, and course of disease. Patients should be evaluated for hepatitis B virus and tuberculosis infection prior to immunosuppressive treatment, especially with steroids and biologic agents, and should be regularly monitored for reactivation of latent infection. These consensus statements are also based on current local evidence with consideration of factors, and could be serve as concise and practical guidelines for supporting clinicians in the management of UC in Taiwan. (Intest Res 2017;15:266-284)
( Shu-Chen Wei ),( Ting-An Chang ),( Te-Hsin Chao ),( Jinn-Shiun Chen ),( Jen-Wei Chou ),( Yenn-Hwei Chou ),( Chiao-Hsiung Chuang ),( Wen-Hung Hsu ),( Tien-Yu Huang ),( Tzu-Chi Hsu ),( Chun-Chi Lin ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.3
Crohn`s disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. CD is rare in Taiwan and other Asian countries, but its prevalence and incidence have been steadily increasing. A steering committee was established by the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease to formulate statements on the diagnosis and management of CD taking into account currently available evidence and the expert opinion of the committee. Thorough clinical, endoscopic, and histological assessments are required for accurate diagnosis of CD. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are complementary to endoscopic evaluation for disease staging and detecting complications. The goals of CD management are to induce and maintain remission, reduce the risk of complications, and improve quality of life. Corticosteroids are the mainstay for inducing re-mission. Immunomodulating and biologic therapies should be used to maintain remission. Patients should be evaluated for hepatitis B virus and tuberculosis infection prior to treatment and receive regular surveillance for cancer. These consensus statements are based on current local evidence with consideration of factors, and could be serve as concise and practical guidelines for supporting clinicians in the management of patients with CD in Taiwan. (Intest Res 2017;15:285-310)
Anti-fatigue activity of dripped spent hens chicken essence in ICR mice
Chang Ti Chun,Chen Wei Cheng,Huang Chao Wei,Lin Liang Chuan,Lin Jen Shinn,Cheng Fu Yuan 아세아·태평양축산학회 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.2
Objective: Chicken essence and branched chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation has been recognized to significantly relieve fatigue. To obtain chicken essence with high amounts of BCAA, spent hens herein was used to prepare dripped chicken essence (SCE) and compared with commercial dripped chicken essence (CCE) for in vivo anti-fatigue effect. Methods: To determine the effect on anti-fatigue by dripped chicken essence, the exhaustive swimming was performed. Thirty-two 7-week ICR mice were divided into four groups, which included the control group (CG), CCE, SCE-1X and SCE-2X. The mice were given daily oral administration (0.012 mL/g body weight/d). The fatigue index analysis was conducted weekly. Results: The results showed that SCE had a higher BCAA level as expected, and mice treated with dripped chicken essence (CCE and SCE) could significantly improve exercise performance. The lower blood lactate level, blood urea nitrogen level and creatine phosphokinase activity were found in the supplement of SCE group compared with the CCE group, which suggested that the SCE possessed strong anti-fatigue ability. This could possibly be due to the higher content of BCAA. Conclusion: In this study, SCE promoted recovery from physical fatigue in mice and elevated endurance ability. Among them, the double dose (SCE-2X) showed the strongest antifatigue ability. Taken together, spent chickens could be a good source of chicken essence to improve the effect of anti-fatigue.