David Maslanka's Liberation: A Conductor's Analysis

Waldron, Nicholas Power ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Kans 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

For more than forty years, David Maslanka (1943--2017) was a prolific composer for every musical medium. With significant contributions to chamber music, solo literature, vocal settings, and symphony orchestras, his works for wind band have garnered the most success. In addition to composing eight symphonies for band between 1985 and 2017, Maslanka's other significant works for band include, A Child's Garden of Dreams (1981), Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Wind Ensemble (1999), Give Us This Day (2006), and Liberation (2010). His distinctive musical voice emerges in each of these works as he explores a wide gamut of emotions. Within his works for band, performers and audiences experience a composer with full control of the wind band's range of forces and palette of colors. Through some of the most technically challenging literature written for wind band, Maslanka creates incredibly powerful moments comprised of surprisingly simple gestures. This document is an examination of David Maslanka's piece for symphonic wind ensemble and chorus, Liberation. Included within this paper are sections covering: biographical information of the composer; Maslanka's compositional approach; and information about the origin, inspiration, and source material, addressing formal structure, and performance considerations; in addition to appendices of errata, recommended program notes, and communication with the Maslanka Foundation.

Aging with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Analysis of Physical Activity Engagement

Waldron, Danielle A University of Massachusetts Boston ProQuest Disser 2020 해외박사(DDOD)

Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) participate in physical activity (PA) infrequently compared to adults in the general population. Therefore, they do not reap the physical and mental health benefits of PA, which is particularly problematic for a population that suffers from disproportionate physical and mental health co-morbidities, as well as diminished life expectancy. This study used data from the National Core Indicators-In Person Consumer Survey (n = 4,370; age: 18–78) to analyze factors associated with both aerobic PA and muscle strengthening (MS) activity in adults with ASD receiving state Developmental Disabilities Services (DDS) using multilevel logistic regression modeling. Mediation analyses and moderation analyses were also employed to examine associations between varied factors and PA and MS. Findings indicated the following significant associations between community engagement and PA: community contact (OR = 1.17; p < 0.001), community group participation (OR = 1.83; p < 0.001), and employment/day program participation (OR = 1.32; p < 0.01). Similarly, aspects of community engagement that were significantly associated with MS activity include: community contact (OR = 1.07; p < 0.001), community group participation (OR = 1.91; p < 0.001), and employment/day program participation (OR = 1.32; p < 0.001). Additionally, self-respondent status mediated the relationship between intellectual disability and MS engagement. These findings suggest that community engagement may facilitate PA and MS activity in adults with ASD. Other factors such as intellectual disability, executive function (i.e. indicated by self-respondent status), and mental health may also influence PA and MS activity in this population. While results are not generalizable to adults with ASD who either do not qualify or otherwise do not partake in state DDS, this research provides insights into adults with ASD receiving state DDS. Results indicate that policies supporting community inclusion of individuals with disabilities are not only right and just, but may also have health implications for adults with ASD receiving state services.

Gender and the Quebecois migration to New England, 1870--1930: A comparative case study

Waldron, FlorenceMae University of Minnesota 2003 해외박사(DDOD)

As many as a million French Canadians migrated from Quebec to New England from the mid-nineteenth century through the early twentieth century, nearly three-quarters of them between the years 1870–1930. This study reexamines the Quebecois migration using a gendered lens of analysis; it seeks to understand both how gender shaped the process of relocation for the migrants, and how the migrants' understandings of gender changed throughout the migration process. Using a comparative case study, it focuses primarily on the French Canadian migrant communities of Lewiston, Maine and Worcester, Massachusetts. Precipitated by economic crises in Quebec, migration often disrupted migrants' gendered patterns of living. In Lewiston and other textile centers, women and children were often more employable than men. This reality weakened the traditional justification for men's familial authority by precluding men from supporting their families single-handedly; it also increased the likelihood of women's choosing to live outside the traditional prescribed role of wife-mother, much to community leaders' chagrin. In contrast, while employment opportunities were greater for men in Worcester's diversified industrialized economy, the relative shortage of French-Canadian-ancestry women made it more difficult for some men to marry <italic>canadienne</italic> wives, with whom they could establish culturally French Canadian families. Responding to these challenges, male community leaders created a new form of masculine authority and identity. Focusing on community instead of individual, and relationships to the community at large rather than just ties to one's own family, this new male identity was simultaneously both “fully American” and “fully French Canadian”. Meanwhile, communities continued to define female migrants primarily through relationships to others (<italic>i.e.</italic>, as wives and mothers). Yet this other-oriented identity conflicted with the new, individualistic, self-centered identities that many women fashioned for themselves after migration. This study adds to the growing body of scholarship that seeks to establish historical precedents for transnational identities, which many scholars maintain are only a recent phenomenon. It also breaks new ground by highlighting that transnational identity formation is a sex-specific and gender-differentiated process.

Investigation of long-term prestress losses in pretensioned high performance concrete girders

Waldron, Christopher J Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universit 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

Effective determination of long-term prestress losses is important in the design of prestressed concrete bridges. Over-predicting prestress losses results in an overly conservative design for service load stresses, and under-predicting prestress losses, can result in cracking at service loads. Creep and shrinkage produce the most significant time-dependent effect on prestress losses, and research has shown that high performance and high strength concretes (HPC and HSC) exhibit less creep and shrinkage than conventional concrete. For this reason, the majority of traditional creep and shrinkage models and methods for estimating prestress losses, over-predict the prestress losses of HPC and HSC girders. Nine HPC girders, with design compressive strengths ranging from 8,000 psi to 10,000 psi, and three 8,000 psi lightweight HPC (HPLWC) girders were instrumented to determine the changes in strain and prestress losses. Several creep and shrinkage models were used to model the instrumented girders. For the HPLWC, each model over-predicted the long-term strains, and the Shams and Kahn model was the best predictor of the measured strains. For the normal weight HPC, the models under-estimated the measured strains at early ages and over-estimated the measured strains at later ages, and the B3 model was the best-predictor of the measured strains. The PCI-BDM model was the most consistent model across all of the instrumented girders. Several methods for estimating prestress losses were also investigated. The methods correlated to high strength concrete, the PCI-BDM and NCHRP 496 methods, predicted the total losses more accurately than the methods provided in the AASHTO Specifications. The newer methods over-predicted the total losses of the HPLWC girders by no more than 8 ksi, and although they under-predicted the total losses of the normal weight HPC girders, they did so by less than 5 ksi.

"Al Dolor Fenestra": Voice and Complicity in Dante's "Inferno"

Waldron, Patrick ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Yale University 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation is principally an investigation of the "production of the voice," in Dante's Inferno. The protagonist of the epic poem, Dante's alter-ego whom we call the pilgrim, travels through the Inferno not only because, as Virgil says in the first canto, "`It behooves you to go by another way,"'1 but in order to meet and talk to the people that he finds there. His full experience2 experience2 depends upon speech. Yet, however much the transformations of the bodies of the sinners, and their interactions with the punishments, already produce a soundscape that is the object of lively poetic description, the sinners are not necessarily inclined to speak to this living man who will return to the world. For reasons specific to each episode, the pilgrim entices the sinners to speak in a variety of ways. Sometimes he must extract a voice from their deformed and lacerated bodies; some sinners hail him The manner in which the pilgrim succeeds in making the sinners speak inevitably anticipates what they have to say. The 13th century saw the codification of two institutions which depended entirely on the confession of the subject: the sacrament of penance, and judicial interrogation. I discuss the obligation of all the faithful to recount their sins to their parish priest with their own naked voice, as Raymond of Penafort says. Parallel to the development of this institution was the codification of an entirely new form of a criminal trial, the inquisitio, which arrived at its most authoratative form of proof, the confession of the accused, by means of torture. I discuss three episodes of Dante's Inferno in great detail, making ample reference to the history of confession -- judicial and penitential -- in order to show how the poem builds up to a climax in which the sinners comply with these forms of coercion, yet in so doing upset the power that produces them. In short, this dissertation is a long commentary of three lines of poetry spoken by three sinners: Pier delle Vigne's "`ingiusto fece me contra me giusto,"' Guido's "`lunga promessa con l'attender corto,"' and Ciampola's "`Malizioso son io troppo." These extraordinarily dramatic and strangely comical climaxes emerge from the political crises of an Italy without Empire, where counsel is contaminated by confession and the verdict by money and conspiracy. 1Inf., 91. (trans. Singleton) 2 Inf. XXVIII, 48.

Response to Stress and Trauma among Racially/Ethnically Diverse Women in Different Health Settings: A Three-Study Dissertation

Waldron, Elizabeth M Northwestern University ProQuest Dissertations & T 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

Stress, trauma exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with chronic health conditions. In the U.S., women of color face trauma at up to four times the national rate. They also contend with chronic stress from the intersectional hardships of racism, discrimination, sexism, and economic hardship that is the result of historical and current institutional racism. Health systems and clinics can intercede in the cycle of trauma, stress, and chronic illness by integrating stress- and trauma-focused interventions within accessible settings where women of color receive their care. The aim of this three-study dissertation is to explore the potential for stress- and trauma-based interventions for women of color in primary and community health settings at three stages of intervention development. The first stage is to identify the need. The study, “Posttraumatic Stress, Adverse Birth Outcomes, and Prenatal Care Among Black/African American Women,” analyzes the associations of self-report posttraumatic stress symptoms and electronic health records of prenatal care and birth outcomes of Black/African American pregnant women. This analysis reveals that women with more severe symptoms are less likely to engage in adequate prenatal care and more likely to give birth preterm. This study’s findings emphasize the importance of more comprehensive trauma-informed outreach and obstetric and mental health care for Black/African American women. This dissertation’s second study focuses on intervention development. “Stress, Coping, and the Acceptability of Mindfulness Skills Among Pregnant and Parenting Women Living with HIV: A Focus Group Study” explores the psychosocial treatment needs of pregnant and parenting women living with HIV and assesses their receptivity to mindfulness in pursuit of developing a mental health intervention. This study shows that pregnant and parenting women living with HIV are open to mindfulness skills for coping with stress and to a non-stigmatizing group intervention to decrease their isolation. The final study of this dissertation is “The Impact of Participation in a Mindfulness-based Intervention on Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology among Black/African Women: A Pilot Study.” This final study examines the efficacy of an adapted mindfulness-based intervention delivered in a community health setting. Findings reveal significant reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and increases in mindfulness from baseline to end of treatment among Black/African American women with trauma histories. While stress and trauma are linked to chronic health conditions and poor health outcomes, interventions that are accessible and non-stigmatizing, like community-based mindfulness interventions, have great potential for improving the mental and physical health of women of color.

Development and characterization of CD133 positive cancer stem cell targeted toxins for use in carcinoma therapy

Waldron, Nate N University of Minnesota 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

Cancer Stem cells (CSC) have been shown to play an important role in a number of carcinomas. Although representing a subpopulation of many cancers, CSC are extremely important because they are more drug resistant than the more differentiated cancer cells which make up the bulk of most solid tumors. High numbers of CSC is an indicator of poor clinical outcome and have been shown to be a cause in drug refractory relapse, which is the single most urgent problem in carcinoma therapy. CD133 is a cell surface receptor that has been identified as a CSC marker in breast, brain, colon, pancreatic, and recently in Head and Neck (HN) carcinoma. Our laboratory bioengineered a targeted toxin called dCD133KDEL consisting of the scFv portion of a novel anti-CD133 monoclonal antibody on the same molecule as truncated pseudomonas exotoxin. Binding of dCD133KDEL was demonstrated on a variety of carcinoma lines and we verified the ability of the anti-CD133 scFv to sort tumor initiating cells. Since enhanced tumor initiation is a hallmark of CSC, we demonstrated that dCD133KDEL was able to prevent tumor initiation. Importantly, even though CD133 was expressed only on a subpopulation of cells, dCD133KDELprevented cell proliferation in vitro and had powerful anti-cancer effects in vivo in xenograft mouse models of head and neck cancer. The therapeutic potential of dCD133KDEL was further investigated in xenograft models of human breast and ovarian cancer where it was effective when administered systemically as well. To further study therapeutic potential, we assessed the reactivity of this drug on normal human progenitor cells since CD133 is a known progenitor cell marker. dCD133KDEL did not kill normal human CD133+ stem cells at the same concentrations as it did for carcinoma cells, indicating a therapeutic window exists. Drug safety studies were performed in mice and the maximum tolerated dose of dCD133KDEL was established. Liver damage was shown to be the dose limiting toxicity. Since CD133 positive cells can develop from CD133 negative cell populations, a phenomenon known as stem cell plasticity, we developed a bispecific targeted toxin (dEpCAMCD133KDEL) capable of targeting both CD133 and the epithelial cell adhesion molecule, EpCAM, an overexpressed marker on most carcinomas. dEpCAMCD133KDEL potently inhibited cell proliferation of a number of carcinoma lines in vitro and was also effective at eliminating tumor spheroids, which have been shown to be enriched for CSCs. This bispecific agent was also effective at causing tumor regression in a model of HN cancer in vivo. Because of the preliminary effectiveness of dCD133KDEL and dEpCAMCD133KDEL in preclinical evaluation, these drugs warrant further development for possible use in carcinoma therapy. These two CSC targeted toxins could be extremely useful in situations where our current drugs are failing because of the progression of a critical drug resistant CSC population. Since, targeted toxins work synergistically with current chemotherapy, these two targeted toxins could be used as an adjunct to current therapy to target the CSC population specifically, while traditional chemotherapy and radiation can still be used to target the rapidly dividing bulk of the tumor. We believe that future success in cancer treatment must include approaches to target CSC as well as the majority of less differentiated cancer cells that comprise a tumor.

Parsing quasi-causal relations from confounds: A study of teenage childbearing in Australian twins

Waldron, Mary Christina University of Virginia 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

Associations between identified upstream and downstream correlates of teenage childbearing were examined using data on 2401 female identical twins drawn from two cohorts recruited from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Twin Register. For both older and younger cohorts, approximately one-third of total variation in risk for teenage childbearing was accounted for by genetic influences, with nearly one-third attributable to shared environment and the remainder attributable to nonshared environment. When examined in the context of bivariate and trivariate genetic models, genetic and shared environmental variation in teenage childbearing could be explained in part by a combination of genetic and environmental covariation with "upstream" correlates, such as maternal and paternal allowance of autonomy, childhood sexual abuse, age at first sexual intercourse, and delinquent behavior during childhood, and "downstream" correlates, including education attainment, household income, social class, subsequent fertility, marital instability, and depressive symptoms. When unstandardized between- and within-family regressions of teenage childbearing on each of the upstream correlates were compared, genetic and shared and nonshared environmental estimates could not be equated for most models. In nearly all models, the nonshared environment regression was by far the smallest of the regression estimates, often at or close to zero. The same pattern emerged for regression of downstream correlates of teenage childbearing, together suggesting confounded genetic and shared environment regressions relative to nonshared environment, where confounds are much less likely. There are important exceptions, however. For both older and younger twins, ACE regressions of teenage childbearing on childhood sexual abuse can be set equal, suggesting the possibility that the phenotypic association between childhood sexual abuse and teenage childbearing reflects an underlying causal process. ACE regressions can also be set to equality for downstream fertility and depressive symptoms.

The effectiveness of three extracurricular programs on the psychosocial development of early adolescent girls

Waldron, Jennifer Jo Michigan State University 2003 해외박사(DDOD)

This study examined the effectiveness of the Girls on Track (GOT) program, a unique educational and running program for girls, in comparison to competitive soccer teams and the Girl Scouts. Some members of the GOT program also participated in soccer. Thus, this combined activity group was added to the study. The first research questions addressed the reasons participants gave for joining the Girls on Track program. The second question examined if participants in the Girls on Track program experienced changes in perceived competence, self-esteem, and attraction to physical activity. Exploratory analyses were conducted to examine differences in the dependent variables among participants in the Girls on Track, a sport program, and the Girl Scouts. Finally, interview data were collected in order to address the question concerning the experiences of the girls who participate in the three programs. At pre-test 135 girls and 98 girls at post-test (<italic>M</italic>_age = 12.49 years, <italic> SD</italic> = 1.04) completed a demographic questionnaire, Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (Harter, 1988), Children's Attraction to Physical Activity (Brustad, 1993), and participation motives of GOT questionnaires. Nineteen of the participants were interviewed. To have fun, liked coaches, and liked to meet new friends were the top reasons girls joined GOT. Paired t-tests showed GOT participants increased their perceived social, physical, and physical appearance competence and their fun of physical exertion from pre- to post-season. A series of ANCOVAs were conducted to determine differences among groups at post-test after controlling for the pre-test level. Perceived physical appearance competence was significant, <italic>F</italic> (3,91) = .3.04, <italic>p</italic> = .03, with post hoc tests showing GOT members having higher perceived physical appearance competence than the GOT plus soccer group. Interviews revealed that girls had positive experiences in their programs and experienced positive peer and adult support. The gaining of interpersonal skills and positive feelings about the self were revealed. The discussion focuses on the impact of program involvement on the development of self-perceptions of early adolescent girls. Implications for each of the programs are also explored.

Self-duality and singularities in the Yang-Mills flow

Waldron, Alex Columbia University ProQuest Dissertations & These 2014 해외박사(DDOD)

We investigate the long-time behavior and smooth convergence properties of the Yang-Mills flow in dimension four. Two chapters are devoted to equivariant solutions and their precise blowup asymptotics at infinite time. The last chapter contains general results. We show that a singularity of pure + or - charge cannot form within finite time, in contrast to the analogous situation of harmonic maps between Riemann surfaces. This implies long-time existence given low initial self-dual energy. In this case we study convergence of the flow at infinite time: if a global weak Uhlenbeck limit is anti-self-dual and has vanishing self-dual second cohomology, then the limit exists smoothly and exponential convergence holds. We also recover the classical grafting theorem, and derive asymptotic stability of this class of instantons in the appropriate sense.