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Review : Enzyme Based Biosensors for Detection of Environmental Pollutants- A Review
( Vinod Kumar Nigam ),( Pratyoosh Shukla ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.11
Environmental security is one of the major concerns for the safety of living organisms from a number of harmful pollutants in the atmosphere. Different initiatives, legislative actions, as well as scientific and social concerns have been discussed and adopted to control and regulate the threats of environmental pollution, but it still remains a worldwide challenge. Therefore, there is a need for developing certain sensitive, rapid, and selective techniques that can detect and screen the pollutants for effective bioremediation processes. In this perspective, isolated enzymes or biological systems producing enzymes, as whole cells or in immobilized state, can be used as a source for detection, quantification, and degradation or transformation of pollutants to non-polluting compounds to restore the ecological balance. Biosensors are ideal for the detection and measurement of environmental pollution in a reliable, specific, and sensitive way. In this review, the current status of different types of microbial biosensors and mechanisms of detection of various environmental toxicants are discussed.
Alok Kumar Varshney,Medicherla Krishna Mohan,Ambarish Sharan Vidyarthi,Vinod Kumar Nigam,Purnendu Ghosh 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.6
The production of manganese peroxidase (MnP)by the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporiumNCIM 1197 was investigated by the screening andoptimization of the media constituents and physiologicalfactors. MnP production by the fungus was used as theresponse to screen the media constituents with statisticallyvalid Plackett-Burman (P-B) design. Response surfacemethodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the level ofscreened media constituents. Amongst the media constituentsscreened, glucose, maltose, ammonium chloride, and ureawere selected as the most important for MnP enhancement. A five-level Central Composite Design (CCD) was used inoptimizing the important media constituents for maximizingthe MnP production. The optimal medium composition formaximum MnP production was 13.88 mM of glucose,13.88 mM of maltose, 0.02 mM of ammonium chloride,and 0.02 mM of urea. The final experiment was conductedto validate the model, which was shown to produce70.20 U/mL of MnP with a predicted value of 66.49 U/mLon the 8th day of incubation.