http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Tu, T H,Kim, C-S,Kang, J-H,Nam-Goong, I S,Nam, C W,Kim, E S,Kim, Y I,Choi, J I,Kawada, T,Goto, T,Park, T,Yoon Park, J H,Choi, M-S,Yu, R Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014 International journal of obesity Vol.38 No.8
Background:4-1BB, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, has a role in various inflammatory pathologies through its interaction with 4-1BB ligand. We previously demonstrated that it participates in initiating and promoting obesity-induced adipose inflammation in a rodent model.Objective:In this study, we examined whether 4-1BB is related to obesity-induced adipose inflammation and metabolic parameters in humans.Methods:A total of 50 subjects, 25 obese (body mass index (BMI)⩾25 kg m<SUP>−2</SUP>) and 25 lean (BMI<23 kg m<SUP>−2</SUP>) participated in the study. The levels of 4-1BB transcripts and soluble 4-1BB protein (s4-1BB) in subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Inflammatory and metabolic parameters were measured by enzymatic analysis and immunoassay.Results:Obese subjects had higher levels of both 4-1BB transcripts and s4-1BB protein in subcutaneous adipose tissue than lean controls, and the levels were correlated with BMI and the expression of inflammatory markers, as well as with serum metabolic parameters. Moreover, s4-1BB was released from human adipocytes, and elicited chemotactic responses from human monocytes/T cells as well as enhancing their inflammatory activity, indicating that it may promote human adipose inflammation.Discussion:Our data demonstrate that elevated levels of 4-1BB transcripts and s4-1BB in adipose tissue are closely associated with obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. They suggest that both 4-1BB transcripts and s4-1BB could serve as novel biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic syndrome in humans.
A Study on Displaying Color and Symbol of Ice Objects in ECDIS
Tu-Nam Luong,Nam-Kyun Im 한국항해항만학회 2019 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.43 No.5
The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is an integral component of ship navigation equipment, that enables mariners to view Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC). Recently, it has become possible to transport freight and energy resources via the Northern Sea Routes (NSR) as global warming has been accelerating. However, ice can impact all types of ships and the potential danger that ice poses is significant. Until now, ice, consistently proven to be one of the most dangerous threats impacting navigation in ice-covered regions, has its detailed standard in the specification of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) for ECDIS. The investigations described in this paper were conducted to assess the advantages and problems of the display of ice objects on ECDIS. The experiments were conducted by using the Geographic Information System (GIS) to perform ice objects with their corresponding colors and symbols. Implementation of the standardized appearance of ice objects can enable mariners to access the ice condition of seas in a short time before navigating a safe passage through potentially treacherous waters. However, remain issues that must be overcome for data on ice to be fully compatible with an ECDIS system.
A Study on Displaying Color and Symbol of Ice Objects in ECDIS
Luong, Tu-Nam,Im, Nam-Kyun Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research 2019 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.43 No.5
The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is an integral component of ship navigation equipment, that enables mariners to view Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC). Recently, it has become possible to transport freight and energy resources via the Northern Sea Routes (NSR) as global warming has been accelerating. However, ice can impact all types of ships and the potential danger that ice poses is significant. Until now, ice, consistently proven to be one of the most dangerous threats impacting navigation in ice-covered regions, has its detailed standard in the specification of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) for ECDIS. The investigations described in this paper were conducted to assess the advantages and problems of the display of ice objects on ECDIS. The experiments were conducted by using the Geographic Information System (GIS) to perform ice objects with their corresponding colors and symbols. Implementation of the standardized appearance of ice objects can enable mariners to access the ice condition of seas in a short time before navigating a safe passage through potentially treacherous waters. However, remain issues that must be overcome for data on ice to be fully compatible with an ECDIS system.
전라북도 초미세먼지 고농도 발생 특성 연구: 익산시를 중심으로
남두천(Tu-Cheon Nam),유재연(Jae-Youn Ryoo),류재웅(Jae-Woong Ryou),김현호(Hyun-Ho Kim),박지영(Ji-Yeong Park),강현진(Hyeon-Jin Kang),김효윤(Hyo-Yun Kim),강경식(Kyeong-Sik Kang),문다희(Da-Hui Mun),최정화(Jeong-hwa Choi),김호주(Ho-Ju Kim 한국대기환경학회 2023 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.39 No.6
The purpose of this study is to estimate the factors affecting high concentrations of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> in Jeollabuk-do using PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> weight and composition data collected in Iksan from July 2021 to June 2022. The air masses to Jeollabuk-do were classified into 7 clusters using the HYSPLIT model, and the clusters affected by high concentrations were C1 (atmospheric stagnation), C4 (eastern China), and C7 (northeastern China). In C1, the starting point of the air current is near the Korean Peninsula, and high concentrations occur due to the accumulation of pollutants caused by slow wind speeds. C4 is an air current introduced from the Shandong Peninsula in China, and the high concentration effect persists except during the summer. C7 is an air current originating from the vicinity of Manchuria, and the high-concentration effect is concentrated in winter. Nitrate and ammonia, among the components constituting PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, contribute significantly to high PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentrations. By utilizing the EPA-PMF method to estimate pollution sources within high concentration clusters, the contribution of secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, and mobile sources was found to be more than 70% in all clusters. These results suggest that management of primary gaseous pollutants, including ammonia, is important to control high concentrations of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> in Jeollabuk-do considering the regional characteristics.
The Effects of Skegs and Length of Towline on Trajectory Characteristics of Barge
이상민,Tu-Nam Luong,임남균 해양환경안전학회 2017 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.23 No.4
This research presents the results of a study on the trajectory characteristics of barges with different configurations. A towing experiment was carried out in a water tank with three types of barges in two cases: with and without skegs. The effects of towline length on trajectory were also observed. This study analyzed and compared the length and amplitude of trajectory shapes for each barge in various combinations. It revealed that the trajectory of a barge is influenced not only by skegs but also by the length of the towline. As a result of this work, it can be clearly seen that skegs significantly improve the course stability of a towed barge regardless of differences in bow shape or towline length. Water tank test results also indicated that the length of a towline plays a key role in affecting the trajectory characteristics of a barge-towing system. The length and amplitude of the slewing motion of a barge increased with an increase in the length of the towline connected to the barge. Validation of the present research results should be carried out by further experiments and computational comparisons in the near future.
Lodopyridones B and C from a marine sediment-derived bacterium <i>Saccharomonospora</i> sp.
Le, Tu Cam,Yim, Chae-Yoon,Park, Songhee,Katila, Nikita,Yang, Inho,Song, Myoung Chong,Yoon, Yeo Joon,Choi, Dong-Young,Choi, Hyukjae,Nam, Sang-Jip,Fenical, William Elsevier 2017 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.27 No.14
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>HPLC-UV guided isolation of the culture broth of a marine bacterium <I>Saccharomonospora</I> sp. CNQ-490 has led to the isolation of two new natural products, lodopyridones B and C (<B>1</B> and <B>2</B>) along with the previously reported lodopyridone A (<B>3</B>). Their chemical structures were established from the interpretation of 2D NMR spectroscopic data and the comparison of NMR data with the lodopyridone A (<B>3</B>). Lodopyridones B and C (<B>1</B> and <B>2</B>) possess the thiazole, and chloroquinoline groups which are characteristic features of these molecules. Lodopyridones A–C show weak inhibitory activities on the β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1).</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Ansalactams B–D Illustrate Further Biosynthetic Plasticity within the Ansamycin Pathway
Le, Tu Cam,Yang, Inho,Yoon, Yeo Joon,Nam, Sang-Jip,Fenical, William American Chemical Society 2016 Organic letters Vol.18 No.9
<P>Further chemical investigation of a marine-derived bacterium of the genus Streptomyces has led to the isolation of ansalactams B-D (1-3) along with the previously reported metabolite ansalactam A (4). Ansalactams B-D are significantly modified ansamycins, representing three new carbon skeletons and further illustrating the biosynthetic plasticity of the ansalactam class. Unlike ansalactam A, ansalactams B and D are penta- and hexacyclic metabolites, while ansalactam C illustrates an open polyene chain with a terminal carboxylic acid.</P>
Van Tu Vu,Quang Huy Tran,Thanh Loc Pham,Phuong Nam Dao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.3
This article addresses a trajectory tracking control approach for an uncertain surface vessel using the new cascade structure of adaptive reinforcement learning (ARL) algorithm and kinematic controller, feed-forward term. Since a surface vessel is decoupled by kinematic sub-system and dynamic sub-system, the cascade control system is an ideal method for obtaining the tracking problem. In the proposed control structure, the dynamic control loop is designed to be the optimized method of the corresponding dynamic sub-system and the kinematic control loop is implemented by a nonlinear controller combining with feed-forward term. The online actor-critic architecture is considered in ARL algorithm to overcome the challenge of solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. Additionally, the proposed controller is able to handle the difficulty of the non-autonomous optimal control problem by designing the ARL technique for the corresponding system with a small number of state variables. Based on theoretical analysis, the ARL based control design has been made to guarantee the uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) stability of the closed system. Finally, the simulation results are illustrated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.