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Is SMCP Used at Sea? A Linguistic Approach to SMCP and VTS Textbooks Used in China and Korea
Tian xue Lian,Mi Lim Ryoo 한국항해항만학회 2017 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.41 No.2
Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) textbooks should adhere as closely as possible to the Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The purpose of the present paper is to examine English linguistic features in VTS textbooks used in China and Korea in comparison with the SMCP in order to determine the degree to which these textbooks adopt and utilize the SMCP. Textbooks used by VTS operators in China and Korea and the SMCP were separately edited and compiled into corpora. In analyzing the data, both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted. Software WordSmith 5.0 was utilized to retrieve statistical information and concordance samples. The findings show that the lexico-grammatical patterns in the Chinese and Korean VTS textbooks generally deviate from the formulas of SMCP. The results of the study are expected to help in the design of VTS textbooks and to standardize Maritime English.
Konjac Glucomannan Derived Carbon Aerogels for Multifunctional Applications
Jie Lian,Jiwei Li,Liang Wang,Ru Cheng,Xiuquan Tian,Xue Li,Jian Zhou,Tao Duan,Wenkun Zhu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.10
Environmental and energy issues have always been a hot topic of global research. Oil leakage has caused great damage to the environment, affecting a wide area and it is difficult to clean up. In most cases, carbon-based adsorbents are typically utilized to remove oil spills because of their economic benefits and high adsorbent efficiency. At the same time, its excellent material properties can also be used for the preparation of supercapacitors. In this paper, the carbon aerogels were prepared by the one-step method. The prepared materials endowed a 3D network structure with a huge number of micropores and mesoporous, and the material is light-weight, stable, hydrophobic and has affinity for oil (17.02 g/g) to the KGM carbon aerogel. Through the physicchemical characterization, the KGM carbon aerogel shows specific surface area is 689m2/g, high water contact angle (136.64°) and excellent reusability (more than 15 cycle times). In addition, we also discussed the electrochemical properties of the material and obtained the specific electrical capacity of 139 F/g under the condition of 1 A/g.
Residential Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies
Zhang, Zeng-Li,Sun, Jing,Dong, Jia-Yi,Tian, Hai-Lin,Xue, Lian,Qin, Li-Qiang,Tong, Jian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6
Background: Numbers of epidemiological studies assessing residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer have yielded inconsistent results. Methods: We therefore performed a meta-analysis of relevant published case-control studies searched in the PubMed database through July 2011 to examine the association. The combined odds ratio (OR) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models. Subgroup and dose-response analyses were also performed. Results: We identified 22 case-control studies of residential radon and lung cancer risk involving 13,380 cases and 21,102 controls. The combined OR of lung cancer for the highest with the lowest exposure was 1.29 (95% CI 1.10-1.51). Dose-response analysis showed that every 100 Bq/$m^3$ increment in residential radon exposure was associated with a significant 7% increase in lung cancer risk. Subgroup analysis displayed a more pronounced association in the studies conducted in Europe. Studies restricted to female or non-smokers demonstrated weakened associations between exposure and lung cancer. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides new evidence supporting the conclusion that residential exposure to radon can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer in a dose-response manner.