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Near-Infrared Laser Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve in Guinea Pigs
Tian Guan,Jian Wang,Muqun Yang,Kai Zhu,Yong Wang,Guohui Nie 한국광학회 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.2
This study has investigated the feasibility of 980-nm low-energy pulsed near-infrared laser stimulationto evoke auditory responses, as well as the effects of radiant exposure and pulse duration on auditoryresponses. In the experiments, a hole was drilled in the basal turn of the cochlea in guinea pigs. An opticalfiber with a 980-nm pulsed infrared laser was inserted into the hole, orientating the spiral ganglion cellsin the cochlea. To model deafness, the tympanic membrane was mechanically damaged. Acousticallyevoked compound action potentials (ACAPs) were recorded before and after deafness, and optically evokedcompound action potentials (OCAPs) were recorded after deafness. Similar spatial selectivity between opticaland acoustical stimulation was found. In addition, OCAP amplitudes increased with radiant exposure,indicating a photothermal mechanism induced by optical stimulation. Furthermore, at a fixed radiantexposure, OCAP amplitudes decreased as pulse duration increased, suggesting that optical stimulation mightbe governed by the time duration over which the energy is delivered. Thus, the current experiments havedemonstrated that a 980-nm pulsed near-infrared laser with low energy can evoke auditory neural responsessimilar to those evoked by acoustical stimulation. This approach could be used to develop optical cochlearimplants.
Ring Oxpening Polymerization of D,L-Lactide on Magnetite Nanoparticles
Tian Jing,Feng Ya-Kai,Xu Yong-Shen The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.2
The ring-opening polymerization of D,L-lactide initiated by tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate $(Sn(Oct)_2)$ on the surface-initiated magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_4)$ nanoparticles was performed at $130^{\circ}C$. The effects of the polymer molar mass and concentration on the amount of surface polymer were investigated. The number average molecular weights, $M_n$, obtained by both NMR and GPC methods fit well within the accuracy of the applied methods and ranged from 1,100 to $4,040g\;mol^{-1}$. A surface functionalization density of up to 625 initiation sites per particle was obtained. The composition of various core-shell particles was determined by TGA, with results indicating magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_4)$ contents, ${\mu}m$, between 17 and 59 wt%. Under the influence of a magnetic field, the heating generated by superparamagnetic core-shell particles suspended in toluene presented guidelines for an optimization of magnetic particle systems with respect to an application for hyperthermia.
Identification of HDAC9 as a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer
Kai Xiong,Hejun Zhang,Yang Du,Jie Tian,Shigang Ding 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are a new class of anticancer drugs confirmed to have good therapeutic effects against gastric cancer (GC) in preclinical experiments, but most HDACis are non-selective (pan-HDACis), with highly toxic side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to screen HDAC family members that play key roles in GC as therapeutic targets to reduce toxic side effects. In this study, we evaluated the targeting specificity of the HDACi suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) for GC via fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI). In vitro FMI results showed that SAHA had higher binding affinity for GC cells than for normal gastric cells. In vivo FMI of gastric tumor-bearing mice confirmed that SAHA can be enriched in GC tissues. However, there was also a high-concentration distribution in normal organs such as the stomach and lungs, suggesting potential side effects. In addition, we found that among the HDAC family members, HDAC9 was the most significantly upregulated in GC cells, and we verified this upregulation in GC tissues. Further experiments confirmed that knockdown of HDAC9 inhibits cell growth, reduces colony formation, and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. These results suggest that HDAC9 has an oncogenic role in GC. Moreover, HDAC9 siRNA suppressed GC tumor growth and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in GC treatment by inhibiting the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that the development of HDAC9-selective HDACis is a potential approach to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and reduce systemic toxicity.
Analysis of Harmonic Transfer Characteristics and RAPF Installation Strategy in Power Systems
Tian Li,Wanjun Lei,Nie Cheng,Xiaojie Zhang,Guoqing Gao,F. Kai Li 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
Power quality has become a new threat because of the distributed nature of disturbances caused by nonlinear loads and DGs. When harmonics are transmitted in a distribution network, they’ll be magnified by resonance between line capacitance and inductance, then worsen the harmonic in power systems. In this paper, a mathematical model for harmonic transfer characteristics of power system feeders is firstly established. Meanwhile, analyze the harmonic voltage propagation caused respectively by the background harmonic voltage source and harmonic current source, which provides an important theoretical basis for the treatment of harmonic pollution. In addition, a strategy is proposed to guide the optimal installation position and setting of external resistance of RAPF to achieve the minimum total distortion rate in the entire distribution network system, which can damp the harmonic resonant effectively. Simulation and experiments have been performed to verify the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
( Kai Chen ),( Zhonghuan Tian ),( Fatang Jiang ),( Chao-an Long ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.6
Blue mold in citrus is caused by Penicillium italicum. In this study, the P. italicum-specific primers were developed for rapid detection based on the conserved genes RPB1 and RPB2 among Penicillium genomes. The two primer pairs RPB1-a and RPB1-b proved to be specific to detect P. italicum. The PCR assay among 39 fungal isolates and the colonial, pathogenic morphologies and molecular methods validated the specificity and reliability of these two primer pairs. This report provided a method and P. italicum-specific primers, which might greatly contribute to citrus postharvest industry.
Motion mode of the optimal damping particle in particle dampers
Kai Zhang,Tianning Chen,Xiaopeng Wang,Jianglong Fang 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.4
To explore the optimal damping mechanism of Particle dampers (PDs), experimental studies on the relationship between the optimal damping performance of PDs and the motion mode of damping particles in PDs were conducted. First, the damping performance of PDs under a certain initial condition was investigated via cantilever system experiments. Then a simple evaluation of the effective mass and effective damping of PDs was performed by fitting the experimental data to an equivalent Single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system without damping particles. Finally, the motion mode of damping particles playing the optimal damping effect was determined by vibration table tests with the corresponding control parameters used in the cantilever system experiments. The study results indicate that when the optimal damping performance of PDs is obtained, the granular Leidenfrost effect, whereby the entire damping particle bed is levitated above the vibrating base by a layer of highly energetic particles, is observed in PDs. The optimal damping performance of PDs is mainly caused by the dissipative properties of damping particles in Leidenfrost state.
Gallbladder Cancer: a Subtype of Biliary Tract Cancer Which is a Current Challenge in China
Qu, Kai,Liu, Si-Nan,Chang, Hu-Lin,Liu, Chang,Xu, Xin-Sen,Wang, Rui-Tao,Zhou, Lei,Tian, Feng,Wei, Ji-Chao,Tai, Ming-Hui,Meng, Fan-Di Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4
Biliary tract cancers, broadly described as malignancies that arise from the biliary tract epithelia, are usually divided into two major clinical phenotypes: cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, differing in etiopathogenesis, risk factors, and perhaps molecular and genetic signatures. Atypical symptoms and lack of tumor biomarkers make it difficult to diagnose in early stages. At the time of presentation, few patients are candidates for potentially curative surgical resection. We here assessed and compared features of a total of 150 cases divided into extra- and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas and gallbladder cancers (GBC). Althought there were no significant differences in serum tumour marker levels, GBC patients had the poorest prognosis. Furthermore, gallbladder cancer respond poorly to chemotherapy or radiation therapy and approximately half of untreated patients died within 10 months. Therefore, treatment for patients with gallbladder cancer is still in challenge. Outcomes and survival of these patients had improved little over the past three decades - a period in which new successful treatments have greatly contributed to the prolonged patient survival for many other cancers.