Evaluating land-use plan using conformance-based approach in Adama city, Ethiopia

Dejene Tesema Bulti,Negera Dinsa Sori 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.4

Urban land-use plan is regarded as a useful tool to achieve urban sustainable development. However, presently it is unclear that how well the Plan is being implemented and major factors contribute to the variation of its implementation in Adama city, Ethiopia. This research examines the extent to which Land-use plan of Adama city functioned from 2004 to 2014 has guided and controlled all spatial developments during planning period by measuring the degree to which actual land-use outcomes over a 10-year period conform to the Plan intention. Land-uses of the City as of 2004 and 2014 are mapped; conforming, nonconforming, and unfulfilled developments are identified through spatial overlay analysis in geographic information system environment; effectiveness of boundary containment and proposed land sufficiency are explored. The findings demonstrate that although the Plan proposed reasonable area, it has met difficulties to control and guide new spatial developments of housing land-uses followed by social services and total urban growth. The limitation is due to combined result of geographic variables, absence of regular monitoring and evaluation, lack of commitment, and political leadership influence. The study would support sustainable spatial policy and direction of spatial development with respect to sustainable urban environment.

Analyzing spatial distribution and accessibility of primary schools in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia

Dejene Tesema Bulti,Tulu Besha Bedada,Leta Getahun Diriba 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.2

Education is a major force in economic, social and cultural empowerment. Primary education is compulsory, and the first stage in the education system of Ethiopia, and urges the provision of accessible service. However, presently, it is unclear that how well the services have been distributed and accessed in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia. For this primary schools in the town are considered and their spatial distribution and accessibility to the residents are explored using geographic information system as a tool for analysis. Location quotient and nearest neighbor analysis have been used to analyze spatial concentration and spatial distribution pattern of the schools, respectively. Computing service areas using road network distance and population density, the spatial accessibility of the schools has been compared and contrasted with standards in planning guide. As a result, inequality of service provision between neighboring areas in the town is found and the overall spatial distribution of the schools shows a clustered pattern. In addition, 23.9% of the residents are expected to travel more than twice of the maximum standard distance, indicates the current service provision is inadequate. The limitation is due to the combined effect of population distribution, spatial variables, socio-economic, and absence of regular monitoring and evaluation. The study would support the planning efforts being made to improve service provision, and it helps the government in formulating effective policies to the context.

Development of shrink resistance cotton using fluorocarbon

Anil Kumar Jain,Addisu Ferede Tesema,Adane Haile 한국의류학회 2019 Fashion and Textiles Vol.6 No.1

An attempt has been made to develop shrink resistance cotton textile by making it hydrophobic. The cotton fabric was made hydrophobic by treating with fluorocarbon resin emulsion at varying concentrations along with catalyst. The hydrophobicity was measured by carrying out water repellency test and also determining the water contact angle. The air permeability of cotton fabric was also determined and was not adversely affected. The untreated and treated cotton fabric was subjected to repeated domestic laundry condition and shrinkage was measured. In order to determine the impact of fluorocarbon treatment on fabric, the physical properties of treated and untreated cotton fabrics were compared. No adverse impact was observed in colour fastness properties. The tensile and tear strength showed good retention even at higher concentration of water repellent chemicals. This work finds wide use in home textiles and hotel industry. This work is of industrial interest as value added shrink resistance cotton textiles can fetch more export earnings.

Honeybee Colony Management Practices and Identification of Honeybee Floras in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia

Getachew W. Alebachew,Tessema A. Abejew,Zeleke Tesema 한국양봉학회 2022 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

The art and science of managing and breeding honeybee colonies in the artificial hive for the sake of the economy are known as beekeeping or apiculture. It contributes to the increment of food and cash crop products through pollination services and protects and stabilizes fragile environments. The sector depends on floras to survive and produce honeybee products. Those plants were categorized as either nectar or pollen or both depending on their content. Assess the honeybee colony management practice and identification of honeybee flora intended to document the indigenous knowledge for the establishment of the best management decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the honeybee colony management practices and identify the honeybee floras in eastern Amhara, Ethiopia. This study was conducted in the selected district of eastern Amhara based on the relative suitability and potential for beekeeping. A questionary survey was conducted for 122 beekeepers. Additionally, key informant interviews and honey pollen analysis were performed to support the questionary survey. The result of this study showed the beekeeper farmers had trouble with seasonal feed shortages for their honeybee colonies besides absconding and swarming were also prominent in the area. Furthermore, this study revealed that about 104 bee flora species were identified, which include shrubs, trees, herbs, and crops with the major proportion of shrubs. Most honeybee floras were perennial plants. Additionally, the seasonal bee forage fluctuation could be categorized into dearth, moderate, and honey flow season. The dearth period occurred from January- March and July-August. The moderate period was from April-June, and the honey flow period was from September-November. Therefore, seasonal management of the colonies should be adjusted with the dearth periods. Further study must be done about the frequency and density of the honeybee plants.

Reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor gene vaccine in immunocastration of ram lambs

Han, Yan-Guo,Liu, Gui-Qiong,Jiang, Xun-Ping,Xiang, Xing-Long,Huang, Yong-Fu,Nie, Bin,Zhao, Jia-Yu,Nabeel, Ijaz,Tesema, Birhanu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.6

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor (KISS1) gene vaccine in immunocastration. Methods: Six eight-week old ram lambs were randomly divided into vaccinated and control groups. The vaccine (1 mg/ram lamb) was injected at weeks 0, 3, and 6 of the study. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein before primary immunization and at weeks 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 22, and 30 after primary immunization. All ram lambs were slaughtered at 38 weeks of age, and samples were collected. Results: The specific anti-KISS1 antibody titers in vaccinated animals were significantly higher and the serum testosterone level was significantly lower than those in the control groups from week 4 to 14 after primary immunization (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed at weeks 22 and 30 after the primary immunization. Similar results were also found for scrotal circumference, testicular weight, length, breadth, and spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules in week 30 after primary immunization. KS (KISS1-hepatitis B surface antigen S) fusion fragment of KISS1 gene vaccine was not detected in host cell genomic DNA of 9 tissues of the vaccinated ram lambs by polymerase chain reaction. Conclusion: The effects of KISS1 gene vaccine in immunocastration were reversible and no integration events were recorded.