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Lymphocytoma cutis: diagnostic enigma for the maxillofacial surgeon
Tejraj P Kale,Arjun Gurmeet Singh,Pushpak Shah 대한구강악안면외과학회 2016 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.42 No.6
Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH) is a cutaneous pseudolymphoma with a worldwide distribution, equally affecting all races and ethnic groups. Due to its vast array of characteristics, it is most often missed in the differential diagnosis of firm to soft lumps on the head and neck. A systematic approach to the workup and diagnosis along with treatment of such lesions is discussed in this article. A 20-year-old Asian Indian female presented to our Oral and Maxillofacial unit with a lump on the left side of her forehead for 1 month. Local examination revealed a 2.5×3.0 cm2, well circumscribed swelling over the left para median region that was firm to doughy and non-tender. There was no other significant finding on general examination. Excisional biopsy of the lesion was performed, followed by histopathologic processing. The general etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, clinical course, prognosis, treatment, and prevention have been discussed in line with the recent modalities of diagnosis and treatment of CLH. Due to the overlapping clinical and histological characteristics of CLH with many other lesions, it is important to consider this lesion in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions.
Compelling therapy of LVH: straight (and not-so-straight) inferences from evidence
Ravi Tejraj Mehta,Anil Pareek,Shruti Dharmadhikari 대한고혈압학회 2020 Clinical Hypertension Vol.26 No.1
We have read with interest the Korean Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension and congratulate the Society for an extensive review of literature while drafting the guidelines. The guidelines indicate preferring ACE-I and CCB over diuretics in patients with left ventricle hypertrophy. However, in landmark head-to-head comparison trials, the thiazide-like diuretic chlorthalidone has been shown to be superior to ACE-I and CCB in decreasing left ventricle mass and preventing heart failure in hypertensive patients. Also, we put forth the paradoxical finding that mere regression of LVH may not always translate into reduction in risk of HF; and that the pleiotropic effects of chlorthalidone may be the explanation behind its beneficial action in HF.
Sharadindu Mahadevappa Kotrashetti,Tejraj Pundalik Kale,Supriya Bhandage,Anuj Kumar 대한구강악안면외과학회 2015 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.41 No.2
Objectives: Transpositioning of the inferior alveolar nerve to prevent injury in lower jaw has been advocated for orthognathic, pre-prosthetic and for implant placement procedures. However, the concept of infra-orbital nerve repositioning in cases of mid-face fractures remains unexplored. The infraorbital nerve may be involved in trauma to the zygomatic complex which often results in sensory disturbance of the area innervated by it. Ten patients with infraorbital nerve entrapment were treated in similar way at our maxillofacial surgery centre. Materials and Methods: In this article we are reporting three cases of zygomatico-maxillary complex fracture in which intra-operative repositioning of infra-orbital nerve into the orbital floor was done. This was done to release the nerve from fractured segments and to reduce the postoperative neural complications, to gain better access to fracture site and ease in plate fixation. This procedure also decompresses the nerve which releases it off the soft tissue entrapment caused due to trauma and the organized clot at the fractured site. Results: There was no evidence of sensory disturbance during their three month follow-up in any of the patient. Conclusion: Infraorbital nerve transposition is very effective in preventing paresthesia in patients which fracture line involving the infraorbital nerve.
Praveen B. Kajjari,Lata S. Manjeshwar,Tejraj M. Aminabhavi 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.2
Blend microspheres of cellulose triacetate (CTA) and bee wax (BW) were prepared by oil-in-water (o/w)emulsion/solvent evaporation method for investigating the controlled release (CR) of nateglinide (NTG),an antidiabetic drug with a plasma half-life of 1.5 h. The novel carrier was analyzed for surfacemorphology, particle size, drug–polymer interactions, physical state of the encapsulated drug andmicromeritic properties. In vitro release experiments were performed in simulated gastric (pH 1.2) andintestinal pH (7.4) media that was affected by blend composition and initial drug loading. In vitro releasedata were analyzed by empirical equations to understand the release profile of NTG
Vijaykumar, S.,Prasannkumar, S.,Sherigara, B.S.,Shelke, N.B.,Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.,Reddy, B.S.R. The Polymer Society of Korea 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.12
Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) comonomer with styrene (St), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and carboxyphenyl maleimide (CPMI) were synthesized by free radical polymerization using 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator in 1,4-dioxane solvent. The copolymers formed were characterized by FTIR, $^1H$ NMR and $^{13}C$ NMR techniques and their thermal properties were studied by DSC and TGA. Copolymer composition was determined by $^1H$ NMR and/or by elemental analysis and monomer reactivity ratios (MRR) were estimated by the linear methods of Kelen-Tudos (K-T) and extended Kelen-Tudos (EK-T) and the non-linear approach. Copolymers of St and HPMA with NVP formed blocks of one of the monomer units, whereas alternating copolymers were obtained in CPMI-NVP, depending upon the side chain substitution. The MRR values are discussed in terms of monomer structural properties such as electronegativity and electron delocalization. The sequence distribution of monomers in the copolymers was studied by statistical method based on the average reactivity ratios obtained by EK-T method.
Dharupaneedi, Suhas P.,Anjanapura, Raghu V.,Han, Jeong M.,Aminabhavi, Tejraj M. American Chemical Society 2014 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.53 No.37
<P>Pervaporation is an important alternative membrane separation process compared to the distillation technique, and a relatively high separation factor is required to lower the energy demand. Solution processable nanocomposite membranes prepared by incorporating functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) loaded in various concentrations into the chitosan matrix have been employed for the pervaporative dehydration of ethanol and isopropanol. Incorporation of FGS leads to an increase of surface hydrophilicity of the chitosan membranes along with an increase in membrane tortuosity that was favorable to the selective permeation of water molecules. The nanocomposite membrane containing 2.5 wt % FGS gave the highest selectivities of 7781 and 1093 for isopropanol–water and ethanol–water mixtures, respectively, when tested for 10 wt % water-containing feed mixture. Membranes were characterized by wide-angle XRD, SEM, contact angle, and optical profilometry techniques. The Flory–Huggins theory was employed to estimate the polymer–solvent interaction parameter. Diffusion values and Arrhenius activation energy parameters provided quantitative evidence for the observed increase in water selectivity at higher loading of FGS.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/iecred/2014/iecred.2014.53.issue-37/ie502751h/production/images/medium/ie-2014-02751h_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ie502751h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Kim, Ki Tae,Dao, Trung Dung,Jeong, Han Mo,Anjanapura, Raghu V.,Aminabhavi, Tejraj M. Elsevier 2015 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.153 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Graphene was oxidized with H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> to introduce additional anchoring sites for effective alumina coating on graphene by the sol–gel method. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies showed that the oxygen-containing groups such as hydroxyl group useful for coating were introduced by the oxidation. The transmission electron microscopy images and thermogravimetric analysis data demonstrated that the additional anchoring sites enhanced the efficiency of the alumina coating. A small amount of alumina-coated graphene synergistically improved the thermal conductivity of the alumina sphere/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite without any increase in the electrical conductivity, because the electrical conductivity of graphene effectively decreased by the alumina coating. Moreover, the synergistic effect of a small amount of graphene was enhanced by the alumina coating, and the stiffening of the alumina sphere/TPU composite due to the added graphene was alleviated by the alumina coating.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Oxidation of graphene with H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> introduced anchoring sites for alumina coating. </LI> <LI> The anchoring sites improved the efficiency of alumina coating on graphene. </LI> <LI> The alumina-coated graphene synergistically enhanced the thermal conductivity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Nature engineered diatom biosilica as drug delivery systems
Uthappa, U.T.,Brahmkhatri, Varsha,Sriram, G.,Jung, Ho-Young,Yu, Jingxian,Kurkuri, Nikita,Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.,Altalhi, Tariq,Neelgund, Gururaj M.,Kurkuri, Mahaveer D. Elsevier 2018 Journal of controlled release Vol.281 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Diatoms, unicellular photosynthetic algae covered with siliceous cell wall, are also called frustule. These are the most potential naturally available materials for the development of cost-effective drug delivery systems because of their excellent biocompatibility, high surface area, low cost and ease of surface modification. Mesoporous silica materials such as MCM–41 and SBA–15 have been extensively used in drug delivery area. Their synthesis is challenging, time consuming, requires toxic chemicals and are energy intensive, making the entire process expensive and non-viable. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative materials. Surprisingly, nature has provided some exciting materials called diatoms; biosilica is one such a material that can be potentially used as a drug delivery vehicle. The present review focuses on different types of diatom species used in drug delivery with respect to their structural properties, morphology, purification process and surface functionalization. In this review, recent advances along with their limitations as well as the future scope to develop them as potential drug delivery vehicles are discussed.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>