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Experimental Characterization of Dynamic Tensile Strength in Unidirectional Carbon/Epoxy Composites
Taniguchi, Norihiko,Nishiwaki, Tsuyoshi,Kawada, Hiroyuki The Korean Society for Composite Materials 2008 Advanced composite materials Vol.17 No.2
This study aims to characterize the dynamic tensile strength of unidirectional carbon/epoxy composites. Two different carbon/epoxy composite systems, the unidirectional T700S/2500 and TR50S/modified epoxy, are tested at the static condition and the strain rate of $100\;s^{-1}$. A high-strain-rate test was performed using a tension-type split Hopkinson bar technique with a specific fixture for specimen. The experimental results demonstrated that both tensile strength increase with strain rate, while the fracture behaviors are quite different. By the use of the rosette analysis and the strain transformation equations, the strain rate effects of material principal directions on tensile strength are investigated. It is experimentally found that the shear strain rate produces the more significant contribution to strain rate effect on dynamic tensile strength. An empirical failure criterion for characterizing the dynamic tensile strength was proposed based on the Hash-in's failure criterion. Although the proposed criterion is just the empirical formula, it is in better agreement with the experimental data and quite simple.
ERRATUM : 'LYMANα EMITTERS BEYOND REDSHIFT 5: THE DAWN OF GALAXY FORMATION' (JKAS, 36, 123, [2003])
Taniguchi, Yoshiaki,Shioya, Yasuhiro,Ajiki, Masaru,Fujita, Shinobu S.,Nagao, Tohru,Murayama, Takashi The Korean Astronomical Society 2003 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.36 No.4
The first sentence in the second paragraph of INTRODUCTION, 'The first discovery of a galaxy beyond z=5 was reported by Weymann et al. (1998); HDF 4-470.3 at z=5.60.' should be read as 'The first discovery of a galaxy beyond z=5 was reported by Dey et al. (1998); 0140+326 RD1 at z=5.34'. The authors sincerely regret this error.
THE HST COSMOS PROJECT: CONTRIBUTION FROM THE SUBARU TELESCOPE
TANIGUCHI YOSHIAKI,SCOVILLE N. Z.,SANDERS D. B.,MOBASHER B.,AUSSEL H.,CAPAK P.,AJIKI M.,MURAYAMA T.,MIYAZAK S.,KOMIYAMA Y.,SHIOYA Y.,NAGAO T. The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2
The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) is a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) treasury project. The COSMOS aims to perform a 2 square degree imaging survey of an equatorial field in I(F814W) band, using the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). Such a wide field survey, combined with ground-based photometric and spectroscopic data, is essential to understand the interplay between large scale structure, evolution and formation of galaxies and dark matter. In 2004, we have obtained high-quality, broad band images of the COSMOS field (B, V, r', i', and z') using Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope, and we have started our new optical multi-band program, COSMOS-21 in 2005. Here, we present a brief summary of the current status of the COSMOS project together with contributions from the Subaru Telescope. Our future Subaru program, COSMOS-21, is also discussed briefly.
Taniguchi, Junichi,Pandian, Ganesh N.,Hidaka, Takuya,Hashiya, Kaori,Bando, Toshikazu,Kim, Kyeong Kyu,Sugiyama, Hiroshi Oxford University Press 2017 Nucleic acids research Vol.45 No.16
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Targeted differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using only chemicals would have value-added clinical potential in the regeneration of complex cell types including cardiomyocytes. Despite the availability of several chemical inhibitors targeting proteins involved in signaling pathways, no bioactive synthetic DNA-binding inhibitors, targeting key cell fate-controlling genes such as SOX2, are yet available. Here, we demonstrate a novel DNA-based chemical approach to guide the differentiation of hiPSCs using pyrrole–imidazole polyamides (PIPs), which are sequence-selective DNA-binding synthetic molecules. Harnessing knowledge about key transcriptional changes during the induction of cardiomyocyte, we developed a DNA-binding inhibitor termed <B>PIP-S2</B>, targeting the 5′-CTTTGTT-3′ and demonstrated that inhibition of SOX2–DNA interaction by <B>PIP-S2</B> triggers the mesoderm induction in hiPSCs. Genome-wide gene expression analyses revealed that <B>PIP-S2</B> induced mesoderm by targeted alterations in SOX2-associated gene regulatory networks. Also, employment of <B>PIP-S2</B> along with a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor successfully generated spontaneously contracting cardiomyocytes, validating our concept that DNA-binding inhibitors could drive the directed differentiation of hiPSCs. Because PIPs can be fine-tuned to target specific DNA sequences, our DNA-based approach could be expanded to target and regulate key transcription factors specifically associated with desired cell types.</P>
Taniguchi, Shin-Ichi,Shong, Minho,Giuliani, Cesidio,Napolitano, Giorgio,Saji, Motoyasu,Montani, Valeria,Suzuki, Koichi,Singer, Dinah S.,Kohn, Leonard D. 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-
Increased MHC class I expression on thyrodytes is evident in ATD (4, 21) and has been suggested to be an important causal factor in the development or perpetuation of disease expression (3). The hypothesis has been offered that the elevations result in abnormal presentation of thyroid antigens to immune cells, thereby breaking tolerance, and that this elicits the clonal expansion of autoreactive T cells associated with disease expression (3).
5-Aminolevulinic acid improves chicken sperm motility
Taniguchi Shin,Zhu Zhendong,Matsuzaki Mei,Tsudzuki Masaoki,Maeda Teruo 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.12
Objective: This study investigated the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) on the motility parameters, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and ATP levels in chicken sperm. Methods: The pooled semen from Barred Plymouth Rock males was used. In the first experiment, the semen was diluted 4-times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS (-)) containing various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mM) of 5-ALA, and then the sperm motility parameters after incubation were evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). In the second experiment, the semen was diluted 4-times with PBS (-) containing 0.05 mM 5-ALA, and then sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ATP levels after 1.5 h of incubation were analyzed with the MitoPT® JC-1 Assay and ATP Assay kits, respectively. In the third experiment, the semen was removed from the seminal plasma and resuspended with the mediums of PBS (-), PBS (-) supplemented with CaCl2 and MgCl2 (PBS (+)) + 5-ALA, PBS (+) + caffeine, and PBS (+) + caffeine + 5-ALA. Then, the sperm motility parameters after incubation were evaluated by CASA. In the last experiment, the semen was treated with the mediums of PBS (-), PBS (-) + 5-ALA, 5.7% glucose, 5.7% glucose + 5-ALA after removing the seminal plasma, and then the sperm motility parameters were evaluated by CASA. Results: The addition of 0.05 mM 5-ALA significantly increased the chicken sperm motility, progressive motility, linearity, average path velocity, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, and the wobble. The sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization was also increased by the 5-ALA treatment. The 5-ALA treatment decreased the sperm ATP levels. Both the caffeine treatment and glucose treatment decreased the sperm motility during incubation period. Conclusion: 5-ALA might increase sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization to utilize the ATP for enhancing sperm movement. Objective: This study investigated the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) on the motility parameters, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and ATP levels in chicken sperm.Methods: The pooled semen from Barred Plymouth Rock males was used. In the first experiment, the semen was diluted 4-times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS (-)) containing various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mM) of 5-ALA, and then the sperm motility parameters after incubation were evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). In the second experiment, the semen was diluted 4-times with PBS (-) containing 0.05 mM 5-ALA, and then sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ATP levels after 1.5 h of incubation were analyzed with the MitoPT<sup>®</sup> JC-1 Assay and ATP Assay kits, respectively. In the third experiment, the semen was removed from the seminal plasma and resuspended with the mediums of PBS (-), PBS (-) supplemented with CaCl2 and MgCl2 (PBS (+)) + 5-ALA, PBS (+) + caffeine, and PBS (+) + caffeine + 5-ALA. Then, the sperm motility parameters after incubation were evaluated by CASA. In the last experiment, the semen was treated with the mediums of PBS (-), PBS (-) + 5-ALA, 5.7% glucose, 5.7% glucose + 5-ALA after removing the seminal plasma, and then the sperm motility parameters were evaluated by CASA.Results: The addition of 0.05 mM 5-ALA significantly increased the chicken sperm motility, progressive motility, linearity, average path velocity, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, and the wobble. The sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization was also increased by the 5-ALA treatment. The 5-ALA treatment decreased the sperm ATP levels. Both the caffeine treatment and glucose treatment decreased the sperm motility during incubation period.Conclusion: 5-ALA might increase sperm mitochondrial membrane depolarization to utilize the ATP for enhancing sperm movement.
Tensile strength of unidirectional CFRP laminate under high strain rate
Taniguchi, Norihiko,Nishiwaki, Tsuyoshi,Kawada, Hiroyuki The Korean Society for Composite Materials 2007 Advanced composite materials Vol.16 No.2
The tensile strength of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastics under a high strain rate was experimentally investigated. A high-strain-rate test was performed using the tension-type split Hopkinson bar technique. In order to obtain the tensile stress-strain relations, a special fixture was used for the impact tensile specimen. The experimental results demonstrated that the tensile modulus and strength in the longitudinal direction are independent of the strain rate. In contrast, the tensile properties in the transverse direction and the shear properties increase with the strain rate. Moreover, it was observed that the strain-rate dependence of the shear strength is much stronger than that of the transverse strength. The tensile strength of off-axis specimens was measured using an oblique tab, and the experimental results were compared with the tensile strength predicted based on the Tsai-Hill failure criterion. It was concluded that the tensile strength can be characterized quite well using the above failure criterion under dynamic loading conditions.