A Sensor Network using Content-Aware Messaging Network Architecture

Junya Terazono,Hideyuki Fukuhara,Takuto Yamada,Toshiaki Nihei,Kazunori Suzuki,Isamu Koseda,Ryutaro Fujita,Toshiaki Miyazaki,Senroh Saito,Atsushi Kara,Takafumi Hayashi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

The present paper describes an approach to the construction of a sensor network using a messaging network. A messaging network is an over lay network with a set of content-aware message handling ca-pabilities. The use of a messaging network can reduce the complexity and maintenance burden of integrated sensor information systems. Message mediation(afunction of the messaging network) enables interoperation of various applications and integration of diverse sensor data. Subscription(an other concept in the messaging network) enables proper information delivery of the sensor data to each user. The proposed approach is helpful in implementing an SOA-based sensor network and enables flexible sensor network configuration and utilization.

Current Issues and Challenges of E-waste Management in Japan - after Revised Domestic Waste Regulations and China’s Waste Import Ban -

( Atsushi Terazono ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

Japan has made an effort to build a Sound Material-Cycle Society in the 21st century. In fact, Japan had exported various recyclable resources such as metal scrap and waste plastic to China and other countries. In order to improve international material cycles, Japanese government revised Waste Management Act and Basel Act in 2017. Revised Waste Management Act newly covers the “listed e-waste (hazardous end-of-life equipment)” that had hardly been regulated and requests the entity that store and/or dispose of them to notify to prefectures and to follow the standards. Revised Basel Act strengthened the export control for the listed e-waste, while it introduced authorization system of importers and recyclers as mitigation of import control of electronic scrap. Both revised Waste Management Act and Basel Act were enforced in 2018. On the other hand, Chinese government announced so called “National Sword” in 2017 cracking down the import of foreign waste. Due to this China’s waste import ban rather than the above revised domestic regulations, the export of mixed metal scrap (“Zappin scrap”) and waste plastic from Japan to China has dramatically declined since 2018. Various types of e-waste remained in Japan and they seem to enter small-sized e-waste recycling facilities. Most of those recycling facilities have shredders and they face shortage of shredder residue disposal channels. Our challenge of e-waste management in Japan is how to recycle value-less e-waste and to reduce residues.

Collection and Recycling of Portable Rechargeable Batteries and Safety Issues in Japan

( Atsushi Terazono ),( Masahiro Oguchi ),( Hiroyuki Akiyama ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

In recent years, rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion batteries have been used in many electrical products along with electric vehicles and industrial storage batteries. In Japan, portable rechargeable batteries (small secondary batteries) are subject to voluntary collection and recycling under the Act for Promotion of Effective Utilization of Resources. However, primary and secondary batteries are subject to different collection methods, and the collection rate of rechargeable batteries under the Act is low because the Act only covers rechargeable batteries (not products except mobile batteries) and there are many products with integrated batteries. Currently, many electrical products, including portable rechargeable batteries, are collected and recycled as small home appliances or disposed of as noncombustible waste by local governments, and accidents such as ignition have occurred due to crushing at recycling and disposal facilities. The Ministry of the Environment and various local governments have taken measures such as separate collection to prevent fires, but there are limits to what can be done only at the site of disposal, and measures based on the concept of extended producer responsibility, including manufacturers and importers, are required. Lithium-ion batteries contain valuable resources and are hazardous, so it is necessary to establish a recovery system that takes into account not only resource conservation but also ensuring safety. This presentation will discuss the current status and issues of collection and recycling of portable rechargeable batteries, especially lithium-ion batteries, in Japan, with reference to regulations and evaluation cases in Europe.

Material Recovery by Informal E-waste Processing in the Philippines

( Atsushi Terazono ),( Masahiro Oguchi ),( Shunsuke Kuzuhara ),( Aya Yoshida ),( Ruji P. Medina ),( Florencio C. Ballesteros Jr ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-

Waste electrical and electronic equipment, i.e. e-waste, is a great concern among researchers and policymakers, due to its potential as a source of serious environmental pollution. In order to understand processes and issues by informal e-waste processing in the Philippines, informal smelting process for gold was clarified from the field survey at several smelters. Metal recovery tests were conducted at one site with actual e-waste samples. Three types of e-wastes were tested: computer memory boards, boards for hard disk drives, and boards for video cards. Among three e-waste samples tested, memory boards contained the highest amount of gold. Since the gold content of non-segregated e-waste is not high, pre-processing is essential for gold extraction to raise cost-effectiveness. With regard to health and environmental effect, many issues were found including protective equipment for workers.

Recent Management Policy of Plastic and Packaging Waste in Japan

( Atsushi Terazono ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

Japanese government has enforced Packaging Waste Recycling Act (PET since 1997, others since 2000) and promoted domestic packaging waste recycling to reduce the burden of waste disposal of municipalities. At the same time, PET bottle-derived waste PET (such as flakes) has received strong inquiries from China due to its high quality, and its domestic recycling system has been struggling with export pressure. In addition to PET, industrial waste plastic that is not covered by the above Act and waste plastic from home appliance recycling are also exported to China, and there has been a current situation where domestic recycling is difficult to progress. Furthermore, in recent years, there has been a move toward a waste import ban policy announced by the Chinese government in 2017 and a growing international interest in marine plastics. Due to the effects of China's import ban, there has been a move to either produce raw materials (pelletizing) and then export to China, or export once to Southeast Asian countries and then re-export to China after converting to raw materials. However, there are growing imports bans in Southeast Asian countries, too. In addition, because of the interest in marine plastics, the Ministry of the Environment started considering the plastic resource recycling strategy in June 2018. The “Plastic Resources Circular Strategy (Draft)” was adopted in March of this year and submitted to the Minister of the Environment. A formal strategy will be formulated by June this year. The current strategy proposes “3R + Renewable” as a basic principle. Specifically, restrictions on use (Reduce), thorough separation and recycling (Recycle), bioplastics introduction, marine plastic countermeasures, etc. are included. As a milestone, we will reduce 25% cumulative one-way plastic emissions by 2030, reuse and recycle 60% of packaging plastic by 2030, and introduce about 2 million tons of biomass plastic by 2030, and so on. In Japan, the emphasis has been placed on waste incineration and energy recovery, and the demand for recycled plastic is limited, so the strategy would be a major challenge.

Japan's Export Restrictions on Waste Plastic and a Case Study on Domestic and International Material Cycles of Plastic from Home Appliances

( Atsushi Terazono ),( Masahiro Oguchi ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

At the Basel Convention Conference of the Parties (COP14) held in 2019, it was decided to revise the Annex to the Convention to add waste plastics to the new regulatory scope of the Convention. In response to this decision, the Basel Act Ministerial Ordinance was amended in Japan to establish criteria for determining which plastics are subject to regulation, and these criteria have been in effect since January 2021. Prior to this, the export of waste plastics from Japan continued to decline due to China's tightening of import regulations starting in 2018, and the export amount in 2021 was 620,000 tons, mainly destined for Southeast Asia. On the other hand, due to the limited demand for recycled plastic materials in Japan, the disposal and recycling of waste plastic in Japan still relies mainly on incineration and heat recovery. In the latter half of this presentation, a case study of disposal/recycling scenarios for plastics derived from home appliances and other small appliances in Japan will be introduced. There, the state of plastic material cycles in Japan and abroad will be discussed, including the management of brominated flame retardants (BFRs).

Smart Motor Drive Providing Inertia Support for the Grid by Applying Virtual Synchronous Generator Control

Daisuke Terazono,Jia Liu,Yushi Miura,Toshifumi Ise 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

The increasing penetration rate of inverterinterfaced distributed generators (DGs) will lead to the inertia decrease of the grid. To solve it, virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control, which enables inverter-interfaced DGs to have inertia like synchronous generators (SGs), has been proposed. However, VSG control requires extra energy storage to emulate kinetic energy fluctuation in rotating mass of SGs. In this study, kinetic energy of motors existing in the grid as loads is temporarily utilized to absorb disturbance in the grid so that the cost of energy storage is minimized. Furthermore, as a large portion of loads in the grid consists of motors, large inertia support can be expected. To achieve it, VSG control is applied to grid side converter of back-toback ac-dc-ac converter in a motor drive system, and coordinated control between VSG control and motor speed control is proposed. The effectiveness of suppression of grid frequency fluctuation by the proposed control system is shown through simulation results.

Special Session for Beyond Resources Recirculation : E-waste recycling in Japan and other Eastern Asia-Focusing on Material Flow and Responsibility

( Atsushi Terazono ),( Aya Yoshida ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2013 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2013 No.4

Fire Prevention and Export Management of Mixed Metal Scrap

( Atsushi Terazono ),( Masahiro Oguchi ),( Aya Yoshida ),( Hiroshi Koseki ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2013 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2013 No.2

Over one million tons of mixed metal scrap is annually exported from Japan to China for recycling purpose. Mixed metal scrap usually contains miscellaneous electric and electronic equipment including hazardous substances and sometimes causes fire. Regarding fires of mixed metal scrap, there are several cases of fire in ports or offshore in Japan recently. Fire incidents are often found at various stockyards as well. In spite of our investigations on some fire sites, the exact cause of the fire is hardly determined. We assume that the fire proceeds in two stages: fire breakout and fire spread. Fire breakout may be caused by lead acid battery, ignition from physical impact between metals, heat accumulation and/or others. Fire spread is easily caused by combustion of oil, plastic and other organic materials which contained in mixed metal scrap. Regarding hazardous substances control, Basel Convention and related domestic law restricts the exportation of recyclable resources when the level of hazardous substances contained in mixed metal scrap exceeds the criteria. However, since the mixed metal scrap is composed of heterogeneous materials, without detail chemical analysis of hazardous substances level, customs inspectors cannot judge hazardous waste or not. Therefore, we propose to create some negative list of electric and electronic equipment for simple clarification for export control.

東北アジア文化交流と平和

寺園喜基(Yoshiki Terazono) 동북아시아문화학회 2007 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.- No.-