Development and Validation of a Practical Instrument for Injury Prevention: The Occupational Safety and Health Monitoring and Assessment Tool (OSH-MAT)

Sun, Yi,Arning, Martin,Bochmann, Frank,Borger, Jutta,Heitmann, Thomas Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.2

Background: The Occupational Safety and Health Monitoring and Assessment Tool (OSH-MAT) is a practical instrument that is currently used in the German woodworking and metalworking industries to monitor safety conditions at workplaces. The 12-item scoring system has three subscales rating technical, organizational, and personnel-related conditions in a company. Each item has a rating value ranging from 1 to 9, with higher values indicating higher standard of safety conditions. Methods: The reliability of this instrument was evaluated in a cross-sectional survey among 128 companies and its validity among 30,514 companies. The inter-rater reliability of the instrument was examined independently and simultaneously by two well-trained safety engineers. Agreement between the double ratings was quantified by the intraclass correlation coefficient and absolute agreement of the rating values. The content validity of the OSH-MAT was evaluated by quantifying the association between OSH-MAT values and 5-year average injury rates by Poisson regression analysis adjusted for the size of the companies and industrial sectors. The construct validity of OSH-MAT was examined by principle component factor analysis. Results: Our analysis indicated good to very good inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.64-0.74) of OSH-MAT values with an absolute agreement of between 72% and 81%. Factor analysis identified three component subscales that met exactly the structure theory of this instrument. The Poisson regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant exposure-response relationship between OSH-MAT values and the 5-year average injury rates. Conclusion: These analyses indicate that OSH-MAT is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used effectively to monitor safety conditions at workplaces.

Arbitration Clause Prohibiting Class Action in Consumer Contracts

Sun Yi 한국중재학회 2017 중재연구 Vol.27 No.1

For recent years, several disputes between Korean consumers and multinational companies have arisen. Since the disputes were big and material that children’s safety was at issue, a question started if Korean law properly has protected consumers’ rights against multinational companies. While the Korean legal society tried to legislate punitive compensation with this concern, the U.S. Supreme Court reached an interesting case law regarding consumer contracts. A recent trend on consumer contracts in the United States shows that general terms have arbitration clause with class action waiver. As much as international arbitration has worked as the most effective resolution in international commercial disputes, the concept is still foreign and the experts are not approachable to lay individual consumers. However, class action in arbitration can hugely help for lay individual consumers to bring a case before arbitration tribunal. California courts consistently showed the analysis that the practical impact of prohibiting class action in arbitration clause is to ban lay individual consumers from fighting for their rights. However, the Supreme Court held that the arbitration clause shall be enforced as parties agree even if consumers practically cannot fight for their rights in the end. Even though consumer contracts are a typical example of lack of parity and of adhesive contract, the Supreme Court still applies liberalism that parties are equal in power and free to agree. This case law has a crucial implication since Korean consumers buy goods and services from the U.S. and other countries in everyday life. Accordingly, they are deemed to agree on the dispute resolution clauses, which might violate their constitutional right to bring their cases before the adjudication tribunal. This issue could be more important than adopting punitive compensation because consumers’ rights are not necessarily governed by Korean law but by the governing law of the general terms and conditions chosen and written by the multinational companies. Thus this paper studies and analyzes the practical reality of international arbitration and influence of arbitration clause with class action waiver with the U.S. Supreme Court and California case laws.

Combined Treatment of Herbal Mixt ure Extract H9 with Trastuzumab Enhances Anti-tumor Growth Effect

( Sunyi Lee ),( Sora Han ),( Ae Lee Jeong ),( Jeong Su Park ),( Seung Hyun Jung ),( Kang Duk Choi ),( Young Yang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.7

Extracts from Asian medicinal herbs are known to be successful therapeutic agents against cancer. In this study, the effects of three types of herbal extracts on anti-tumor growth were examined. Among the three types of herbal extracts, H9 showed stronger anti-tumor growtheffects than H5 and H11 in vivo. To find the molecular mechanism by which H9 inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines, the levels of apoptotic markers were examined. Proapoptotic markers, including cleaved PARP and cleaved caspases 3 and 9, were increased, whereas the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was decreased by H9 treatment. Next, the combined effect of H9 with the chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC) on tumor growth was examined using 4T1-tumor-bearing mice. The combined treatment of H9 with AC did not show additive or synergetic anti-tumor growth effects. However, when tumor-bearing mice were co-treated with H9 and the targeted anti-tumor drug trastuzumab, a delay in tumor growth was observed. The combined treatment of H9 and trastuzumab caused an increase of natural killer (NK) cells and a decrease of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Taken together, H9 induces the apoptotic death of tumor cells while increasing anti-tumor immune activity through the enhancement of NK activity and diminishment of MDSC.

Anticancer effects of policosanol in gastric cancer cells-derived xenograft cancer model

Sunyi Lee,Joohee Jung 한국실험동물학회 2022 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.1

Using Bitmap Index for Optimized Technology of Large Database

Sunyi Park,ZhengbaoWei,Jeongmo Yeo 한국멀티미디어학회 2008 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2008 No.-

Bitmap indexing has provided an important database capability to accelerate queries, in large database system. Using bitmap can change index column value into binary characters when searching data into database, according to the theory of database, use the input condition compare with the data that is saved into database. Specially, in large database, the advantage of bitmap index is very excellent, because the values of index column are convert into binary when comparing, not only save the time of searching data but also save the space of storing data into large database system. The common requirement to search for text on the web or in files or database and many solutions exists to solve this problem, the problem becomes harder to solve efficiently when the quantity of rows that need to be searched. At the previous, the searched query use left or doubly truncated wildcards, in large database system. In this paper, using of functional bitmap index offers a flexible and efficient means of indexing data for simply pattern matching on data that length of text is no delimited.

가축분뇨 고형분의 고형연료화를 위한 타당성 분석

주선이(Sunyi Ju),이성현(Sunghyoun Lee),유병기(Byeongkee Yu),김혁주(Hyuckjoo Kim),정광화 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.11

Monofacet-Selective Cavitation within Solid-State Silica-Nanoconfinement toward Janus Iron Oxide Nanocube

Lee, Sunyi,Kumari, Nitee,Jeon, Ki-Wan,Kumar, Amit,Kumar, Sumit,Koo, Jung Hun,Lee, Jihwan,Cho, Yoon-Kyoung,Lee, In Su American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.45

<P>Here, a highly selective solid-state nanocrystal conversion strategy is developed toward concave iron oxide (Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>) nanocube with an open-mouthed cavity engraved exclusively on a single face. The strategy is based on a novel heat-induced nanospace-confined domino-type migration of Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> ions from the SiO<SUB>2</SUB>-Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> interface toward the surrounding silica shell and concomitant self-limiting nanoscale phase-transition to the Fe-silicate form. Equipped with the chemically unique cavity, the produced Janus-type concave iron oxide nanocube was further functionalized with controllable density of catalytic Pt-nanocrystals exclusively on concave sites and utilized as a highly diffusive catalytic Janus nanoswimmer for the efficient degradation of pollutant-dyes in water.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Policosanol suppresses tumor progression in a gastric cancer xenograft model

Lee Sunyi,Lee Ga Seul,Moon Jeong Hee,Jung Joohee 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.4

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer death, with the fifth highest incidence. The development of effective chemotherapeutic agents is needed to decrease GC mortality. Policosanol (PC) extracted from Cuban sugar cane wax is a healthy functional food ingredient that helps improve blood cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Its various physiological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, have been reported recently. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of PC in gastric xenograft models is unclear. We aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of PC on human GC SNU-16 cells and a xenograft mouse model. PC significantly inhibited GC cell viability and delayed tumor growth without toxicity in the SNU-16–derived xenograft model. Therefore, we investigated protein expression levels in tumor tissues; the expression levels of Ki-67, a proliferation marker, and cdc2 were decreased. In addition, we performed proteomic analysis and found thirteen differentially expressed proteins. Our results suggested that PC inhibited GC progression via cdc2 suppression and extracellular matrix protein regulation. Notably, our findings might contribute to the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies for GC.

Herb Mixture C5E Aggravates Doxorubicin-induced Apoptosis of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Lee, Sunyi,Han, Sora,Park, Jeong Su,Jeong, Ae Lee,Jung, Seung Hyun,Choi, Kang-Duk,Han, Tae-Young,Han, Il-Young,Yang, Young The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.6

A number of extracts from Asian traditional medicinal herbs have been successfully used as therapeutic agents against cancers. In this study we assessed the effect of C5E on the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines. C5E is an ethanol extract from traditional Asian medicinal plants which have anticancer activity. Nonetheless, little is known about the underlying mechanism. Thus, we studied the mechanism of C5E-induced cell death in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells. The cell survival rate was reduced in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, as assessed by direct cell counting. After incubation for 48 h, typical apoptotic morphological changes were observed by microscope. To determine the synergetic effect with doxorubicin, we co-treated C5E with doxorubicin in breast cancer cells, and flow cytometry revealed that co-treatment obviously enhanced sub-G1 arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells. Furthermore, we showed that pro-apoptotic marker cleaved PARP was synergistically increased with the combined treatment of doxorubicin and C5E in MDA-MB- 231, but not in MCF-7. These results suggest that the effect of combined treatment of C5E with doxorubicin on sub-G1 arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells could be exerted by the different mechanism and its potential use as a therapeutic agent will be helpful in treatment for breast cancer.

중일전쟁시기 딩링(丁玲)의 일본군 성폭력재현과 1956년 전범재판 그리고 피해자 증언의 의미

이선이 ( Lee Sunyi ) 한국중국학회 2017 중국학보 Vol.80 No.-

본 논문은 중일전쟁시기 일본군이 자행한 중국여성에 대한 성폭력에 대하여 張雙兵의 『“慰安婦”調査實錄』(南京: 江蘇人民出版社, 2014) 등의 구술 자료집을 통해서 살펴보았다. 나아가 일본군의 성폭력 사건이 일어나던 당시 중국의 여성주의자 딩링(丁玲, 1904-1986)은 이를 어떻게 문제화했는지에 대해서 그의 작품 「새로운 신념(新的信念)」, 「재회(重逢)」, 「내가 노을마을에 있었을 때(我在霞村的時候)」를 통해서 논하였다. 딩링은 산시성(陝西省)에 있던 공산당 근거지 옌안(延安)에서 전쟁터가 된 화북의 각 지역을 돌아다니면서 일본군의 성폭력을 목격하거나 전해들은 이야기들을 토대로 작품을 썼다. 구술자료들이 다루고 있는 일본군 성폭력 피해자들의 피해의 중층성에 주목하다보면 1941년 옌안에서 딩링이 「내가 노을 마을에 있었을 때」에서 형상화시킨 주인공 전전(貞貞)의 삶과 훗날 딩링과 그녀의 작품이 받았던 비판에 대해서 다시 한 번 생각하게 된다. 전쟁 시기 공산당 근거지 옌안(延安)에서 일본군이 자행한 여성에 대한 성폭력에 대해 딩링은 몇 가지 방식으로 문제제기를 하였다. 그런데 어떤 특정한 방식의 문제제기는 권장되었지만, 「내가 노을 마을에 있었을 때」의 주인공 전전의 입장에서의 문제제기는 노골적으로 억압되었다. 그리고 중국 공산당이 장악한 중화인민공화국은 기억과 망각을 통해 국가의 역사인식을 구성하였다. 그 실마리를 본고는 1956년에 행해진 전범재판의 기록을 통해서 살펴보았다. 항일전쟁 승리, 내전 승리 등 중국공산당의 승리를 기념하기 위해 잊혀야 했던 역사가 전쟁이 종료되고 반세기의 세월이 지난 시점에 떠올랐다. 일본군 성폭력 문제를 다루는데 있어서 작동된 선별과 권력 작용은 오늘날 피해자가 입을 열고 그것을 기록하는 이들의 등장으로 새로운 국면을 맞이하고 있다. This study looks into the sexual slavery of Chinese women by the Japanese military during the Sino-Japanese War through oral materials, including 張雙兵`s 『“慰安婦” 調査實錄』 (南京 : 江蘇人民出 版社, 2014). In addition, it discusses how a Chinese feminist of the time, Ding Ling (丁玲, 1904-1986), problematized the sexual enslavement issue with her works, including 「New Belief (新的信念)」, 「Reunion (重逢)」, and 「When I was in Sunset Town (我在霞村的時候)」. She wrote about the stories of those who had seen or heard of the Japanese military`s sexual slavery at a base of the Communist Party, Yan`an (延 安) in Shanxi Sheng (陝西省), travelling to each region in North China. Focusing on the duplicity of victims in the oral materials, I reflect on the life of Zhen Zhen (貞貞), the hero of 「When I was in Sunset Town (我在霞村的時候)」, to whom Ding Ling gave life Yan`an (延安) in 1941, and the criticism that Ding Ling and her works later received. She problematized the sexual enslavement by Japanese soldiers at a base of the Communist Party, Yan`an, during the war in various ways. A certain way of problematizing was recommended, while creating issues from the viewpoint of Zhen Zhen was plainly oppressed. Moreover, the People`s Republic of China, dominated by the Chinese Communist Party, developed a national perception of history through memory and forgetting. History that should have been forgotten to commemorate the victory of the Communist Party, including the victory of the anti-Japan war and civil wars was magnified a half century after the end of the war. Selection and power acted on the issue of Japanese military sexual slavery has taken on a new aspect by the victims` testimonies and those who record the evidence.