예비교사를 위한 맞춤형 수업설계 시스템 개발 및 적용

홍선주 ( Hong¸ Sunjoo ),안태연 ( Ahn¸ Tae Youn ),이상민 ( Lee¸ Sangmin-michelle ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2020 교사교육연구 Vol.59 No.4

데이터에 기반하여 학습자 특성을 분석하고 이에 따른 맞춤형 수업을 설계하는 교사 전문성에 대한 요구는 최근 빅데이터와 테크놀로지 기반 플랫폼의 교육적 활용에 대한 인식이 고조됨에 따라 함께 증가하고 있다. 미래 교실에서는 교사가 학습자의 정의적·인지적 특성에 대한 정량·정성적 데이터가 구축된 플랫폼에서 학습자 특성을 최대한 반영한 교실 수업을 설계하는 데이터 기반 맞춤형 수업설계 전문성이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 교사 전문성 개발을 위해 국외에서 개발된 컴퓨터 기반 프로그램인 simSchool과 CSD를 모델로, 예비교사들이 가상의 학습자를 대상으로 수업을 설계하고 차별화된 처치를 제공하는 것을 연습하게 하는 ‘데이터 기반 맞춤형 학습 설계 실습 시스템’을 개발하여 실행하였다. 예비교사들은 교과 학습 상황에서 가상의 한 학급을 구성하는 20명의 학습자 데이터에 근거하여 학습자에게 맞춤화된 수업을 제공하기 위한 일련의 의사결정 연습을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, ‘데이터 기반 맞춤형 학습 설계 실습 시스템’의 사용은 예비교사에게 수업에서 고려해야 할 학습자 특성의 범주에 대한 인식확대를 통해 학업 수준과 같은 인지적 특성뿐만 아니라, 동기, 진로·적성 등 그 외의 특성도 세심하게 고려된 수업설계가 필요하다는 것을 깨닫는 계기가 된 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 예비교사들은 학습자의 다양성을 고려한 수업설계 훈련이 향후 자신이 수업 상황에서 마주할 수 있는 어려움을 예측하고 이를 해결할 수 있는 교수학습 방법과 자료의 활용에 대해 구체적으로 고민해 볼 수 있었다는 점에서 긍정적이었다고 평가하였다. 무엇보다 이러한 시스템의 활용은 교사 양성과정의 수업설계 교육에서 일반적으로 부재했던 ‘학습자’라는 존재를 수업설계의 핵심 요소로 고려할 수 있는 상황적 맥락을 제공했다는 점에서, 향후 학습자 데이터가 구축된 컴퓨터 기반 시스템을 활용한 수업설계 교육이 교실 수업에 대한 실천적 지식 습득 측면에서 제한적인 현재의 교원양성교육이 가진 한계를 극복할 방안이 될 수 있을 것으로 본다. In recent years, the demand for teacher expertise in analyzing learner characteristics based on data and designing customized lessons has grown with the increased awareness of educational use of big data and technology-based platforms. In the classrooms of the future, teachers will need to develop a differentiated teaching expertise which reflects various learning styles into their lesson designs. In this study, simSchool and CSD (Cook School District), were used as models to develop a ‘customized learning design practice system’ for pre-service teachers. Pre-service teachers performed a series of decision-making exercises to provide differentiated English lessons to a class of 20 virtual learners. The system received positive reviews from the pre-service teachers in that it made them realize the diversity of learner styles and to think about ways to handle difficulties they may face in actual classrooms in the future. Above all, the fact that the system provided a context where learners existed, which is generally absent in current teacher training courses, was considered very helpful to pre-service teachers. It is suggested that using such computer-based system can offer a way to overcome the limitations of current teacher training education.

Moral Philosophy at Crossroads : Use and Abuse of Nietzsche in Dialectic of Enlightenment

( Lee Sunjoo ) 한국하이데거학회 2019 현대유럽철학연구 Vol.0 No.55

1963년에 있었던 도덕철학 주제 강의(『도덕철학의 문제』)에서 아도르노는, 현시대에 도덕철학은 실질적으로 파산 상태라고 말한다. 이 강의보다 두 연대 전, 호르크하이머와 공저한 『계몽의 변증법』에서는, 계몽 이성의 전면적인 자기 비판, 그 파괴적인 힘 앞에서 도덕 자체가 무화된다. 본고는 도덕철학의 무력함에 대한 아도르노의 진단을 염두에 두면서, 그의 니체 읽기를 검토한다. 1963년의 강의에서, 아도르노는 『짜라투스트라는 이렇게 말했다』를 도덕철학의 최근 실패 사례로 논의한다. 『계몽의 변증법』에서 니체는 칸트, 사드와 함께 "부르주아지의 어두운 저자들"로 묶이며 과학적 합리성의 기치 아래 도덕과 도덕철학을 파괴한 사상가로 제시된다. 도덕철학의 불가능성에 대한 아도르노의 관점은 그의 협소하고 경향적인 니체 읽기와 무관하지 않다고 본고는 제안한다. 니체를 읽는 다른 방식의 예로, 바슐라르의 니체 읽기를 논의한다. 바슐라르는 니체를 혁신적인 도덕철학자로, 독창적인 자연주의 입장에서 도덕철학을 재구상한 철학자로 읽는다. 니체적 방식으로 재구상되는 자연주의적 도덕철학 -이것이 아도르노 사유에서 도덕철학이 가지 않은 길이다 Theodor Adorno in his lecture on moral philosophy in 1963 declared the state of moral philosophy at present as practically bankrupt. About two decades before that, in Dialectic of Enlightenment, which he co-wrote with Max Horkheimer, morality itself is nullified before the all-out, self-critical, destructive force of the Enlightenment reason. This paper examines Adorno's reading of Nietzsche in light of his prognosis of the impotence of moral philosophy. In the 1963 lecture on moral philosophy, Adorno presents Thus Spoke Zarathustra as a recent example of moral philosophy's failure. In Dialectic of Enlightenment, Nietzsche is grouped together with Kant and Sade ― "dark writers of the bourgeoisie" ― and presented to have led, under the banner of scientific rationality, the Enlightenment's demolition of morality and moral philosophy. This paper suggests Adorno's view on the impossibility of moral philosophy has to do with his narrow, tendentious reading of Nietzsche. Gaston Bachelard's reading of Nietzsche is discussed, as one way of reading him differently. Bachelard reads Nietzsche as an innovative moral philosopher, who reconceived moral philosophy in uniquely naturalistic terms. A Nietzscheanly recast, naturalistic moral philosophy is a road not taken for moral philosophy in Adorno's thought.

Introduction of Mutation at Threonine-56 of Escherichia coli Ornithine Transcarbamylase

Lee,Sunjoo 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

Escherichia coli 오니틴 트랜스카바미라제의 구조와 기능간의 상관관계를 연구하기 위하여 Threonine-56을 point mutation 시켰다. 이 잔기는 인산 결합 단백질에서 공통적으로 발견되는 것으로서, 카바밀인산의 결합자리에 위치한다고 알려져 왔다. Threonine- 56을 전하와 크기의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 serine valine과 glycine으로 치환시켰다. 돌연변이 시스템으로는 PCR을 이용한 site-directed mutagenesis를 사용하였다. 증폭된 돌연변이 유전자들은 각각 발현벡타인 pKK223-3에 접합시켜서 오니틴 트랜스카바밀라제의 활성이 없는 Escherichia coli TB 2세포에 형질전환시켰다. DNA 아가로스 전기영동의 결과는 각각의 돌연변이 유전자들이 클로닝되었음을 보여주었다. 앞으로는 DNA염기서열 결정, 효소의 추출과 성질분석으로 Threonine-56의 구조와 기능상에서의 역할을 밝히고자 한다. Escherichia coli ornithine transcarbamylase catalyzes the condensation reaction of ornithine and carbamyl phosphate to produce citrulline. To study the structure and function relationship of the enzyme, Threonine-56 was selected to mutate. This residue has been suggested to be located at the binding pocket of carbamyl phosphate. Threonine-56 is one of amino acids in the consensus stretch of phosphate binding proteins. It has been substituted to serine, valine and glycine to observe the size and charge effect. Site-directed mutagenesis by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied. Each mutant argΙ gene was obtained, and was ligated to the prokaryotic expression vector pKK223-3. TB 2 E. coli strain which does not have ornithine transcarbamylase activity has been used to express mutant argΙ genes. The result of DNA gel electrophoresis after Hind Ⅲ/Eco R1 digestion of cloned mutant genes indicated that mutant clones were successfully constructed. For further work, DNA sequencing and purification of mutant enzymes will be performed.

Comparative Analysis of Simple Volume Models for Japanese Larch(Larix kaempferi) Species in the Central Region of South Korea

Sunjoo Lee,Nova D. Doyog,Young Jin Lee 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2017 농업생명과학연구 Vol.51 No.4

This study was conducted to develop a simple volume model for the Larix kaempferi species in the Central Region of South Korea. General volume model forms were used and validated using a subset of the data collected for the L. kaempferi species. A total of 550 trees were collected in the different L. kaempferi stands through destructive sampling. The dataset was randomly divided into two: 80% for initial model development(seven volume models) and 20% for model validation. The 100% dataset was used for the final model fitting. Evaluation statistics including bias(Ē), absolute mean deviation(AMD), root mean square error(RMSE), coefficient of determination(R2), and the Akaike Information Criterion values(AIC) and weight (AICw) were used to assess performance of the different volume models. Rank analysis was employed and the first five best volume models were chosen for the model validation and final model fitting. The evaluations showed that volume model 4(V=aDBHb*Hc) had the best performance, while volume model 3(V=aDBH+bDBH2), which has a single variable, had the poorest performance.

Fluorescent Properties of the Tryptophan Containing Variants of Leucine-responsive Regulatory Proteins

Lee, Eui Ho,Pokoo, Robert,Oh, Eugeney,Lim, Sunjoo,Lee, Chan Yong Korean Chemical Society 2019 대한화학회지 Vol.63 No.6

The Roles of Serine-55 in E.coli Ornithine Transcarbamylase(Cloning and Expression of E.coli argl gene mutated at Serine-55)

Lee,Sunjoo,Oh,Young-Sun 濟州大學校 放射能利用硏究所 1996 연구보고 Vol.10 No.-

E. coli ornithine transcarbamylase is the enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of citrulline from ornithine and carbamyl phosphate in the arginine biosynthetic pathway. The enzyme has the stretch of conserved amino acid sequences, -Ser-Thr-Arg-Thr-, which many phosphate binding proteins have. The stretch is assumed to contribute the binding of carbamyl phosphate to the enzyme, which initiated the induced-fit type of enzymic conformational change. The purpose of the project was to study the roles in catalytic action of Ser-55 in E. coli ornithine transcaramylase. The serine residue was mutated to a cysteine, an alanine and a glycine. They were different in the size and the charge each other. DNA ploymerase chain reaction was used in the site-directed mutagensis of arg I gene at Ser-55. The results of gel electrophoresis suggested that mutant arg I genes substituted Ser-55 to cysteine, alanine and glycine were successfully constructed on the expression vector, pKK223-3. Wild type and Cys-55 mutant enzymes were expressed in E. coli TB2 strain which had a partially deleted a wild-type arg I gene. The result of SDS-PAGE showed the wild-type enzyme is highly purified. The purification of Cys-55 mutant enzyme has been undergoing. DNA sequencing of mutant genes, and the expressions and characterizations of other mutant enzymes will be performed.

A 4.9 mΩ-Sensitivity Mobile Electrical Impedance Tomography IC for Early Breast-Cancer Detection System

Sunjoo Hong,Kwonjoon Lee,Unsoo Ha,Hyunki Kim,Yongsu Lee,Youchang Kim,Hoi-Jun Yoo IEEE 2015 IEEE journal of solid-state circuits Vol.50 No.1

<P>A mobile electrical impedance tomography (EIT) IC is proposed for early breast cancer detection personally at home. To assemble the entire system into a simple brassiere shape, EIT IC is integrated via a multi-layered fabric circuit board which includes 90 EIT electrodes and two reference electrodes for current stimulation and voltage sensing. The IC supports three operating modes; gain scanning, contact impedance monitoring, and EIT modes for the clear EIT image. A differential sinusoidal current stimulator (DSCS) is proposed for injection of low-distortion programmable current which has harmonics less than -59 dBc at a load impedance of 2 kΩ. To get high sensitivity, a 6-channel voltage sensing amplifier can adaptively control the gain up to a maximum of 60 dB, and has low input referred noise, 36 nV/ √Hz. The 2.5 × 5 mm chip is fabricated in a 0.18 μm 1P6M CMOS process and consumes 53.4 mW on average. As a result, a sensitivity of 4.9 mΩ is achieved which enables the detection of a 5 mm cancer mass within an agar test phantom.</P>

WIG1 is crucial for AGO2-mediated <i>ACOT7</i> mRNA silencing via miRNA-dependent and -independent mechanisms

Lee, Hyung Chul,Jung, Seung Hee,Hwang, Hyun Jung,Kang, Donghee,De, Supriyo,Dudekula, Dawood B.,Martindale, Jennifer L.,Park, Byungkyu,Park, Seung Kuk,Lee, Eun Kyung,Lee, Jeong-Hwa,Jeong, Sunjoo,Han, K Oxford University Press 2017 Nucleic acids research Vol.45 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in mRNA splicing, maturation, transport, translation, storage and turnover. Here, we identified <I>ACOT7</I> mRNA as a novel target of human WIG1. <I>ACOT7</I> mRNA decay was triggered by the microRNA miR-9 in a WIG1-dependent manner via classic recruitment of Argonaute 2 (AGO2). Interestingly, AGO2 was also recruited to <I>ACOT7</I> mRNA in a WIG1-dependent manner in the absence of miR-9, which indicates an alternative model whereby WIG1 controls AGO2-mediated gene silencing. The WIG1–AGO2 complex attenuated translation initiation via an interaction with translation initiation factor 5B (eIF5B). These results were confirmed using a WIG1 tethering system based on the MS2 bacteriophage coat protein and a reporter construct containing an MS2-binding site, and by immunoprecipitation of WIG1 and detection of WIG1-associated proteins using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We also identified WIG1-binding motifs using photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation analyses. Altogether, our data indicate that WIG1 governs the miRNA-dependent and the miRNA-independent recruitment of AGO2 to lower the stability of and suppress the translation of <I>ACOT7</I> mRNA.</P>

Expression and Identification of p90 as the Murine Mitochondrial Glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase

Lee,Sunjoo,Sul,Hei Sook,Hahm,Young Tae,Yet,Shaw-Fang 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究 Vol.6 No.1

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) catalyzes the initial and committed step in glycerolipid biosynthesis. Mitochondrial GPAT, unlike the microsomal isozyme, prefers saturated fatty acids as a substrate. We have recently reported cloning of a cDNA to an unidentified 6.8-kb mRNA by a differential hybridization. The mRNA contains an open reading frame of 827 amino acids (p90) with 30% sequence homology in a 300 amino acid stretch to Escherichia coli GPAT. The 6.8-kb mRNA was induced dramatically when fasted mice were refed a high-carbohydrate diet. Here, we have expressed the open reading frame as trpE fusion proteins and used them to generate antibodies. The antibodies recognized a polypeptide of 90 kDa (p90) when the 6.8-kb cDNA sequence was used for in vitro transcription and translation. By Western blot analysis using these antibodies, we detected p 90 in mitochondrial fractions of lever, and the p90 level was increased by refeeding. The increase in the p90 level correlated with the increase in mitochondrial GPAT activity. Moreover, p90 was not detectable in 3T3-LI preadipocytes but markedly increased during aidpose conversion. This increase was consistent with the 11-fold increase we observed in N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-resistant mitochondrial GPAT activity during adipocyte differentiation. In addition, we have expressed p90 in CHO cells by stable transfection. The transfected genes in both correct and reverse orientations produced distinct 3.9-kb transcripts owing to the truncation of a part of the noncoding regions of the endogenous 6.8-kb mRNA befor insertion into the pMSXND vector. The transfected CHO cells were treated with 2-aminopurine, an agent that increases expression of cxogenous gencs. There was a 6-fold increase in the p90 level in mitochondria of the CHO cells transfected with the p90 sequence in the correct orientation, and the activity of the NEM-resistant mitochondrial GPAT also increased accordingly. Moreover, the mitochondrial GPAT of the transfected cells preferred palmitoyl CoA as a substrate over oleoyl CoA. The above correlation between the level of p90 expression and GPAT activity in mitochondrial GPAT. and the substrate specificity of the expressed enzyme show evidence that p90 is the murine mitochondrial GPAT. We have also demonstrated here that the changes in mitochondrial GPAT activity during different nutritional and developmental conditions are due primarily to the changes in enzyme concentration, and not to modulation of the catalytic activity of the existing enzyme.

Simultaneous enhancement of the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells using PEDOT:PSS grafted with a PEGME buffer layer

Lee, Jung Joon,Lee, Seung Hwan,Kim, Felix Sunjoo,Choi, Hyang Hee,Kim, Jung Hyun Elsevier 2015 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.26 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report a simple processing method to simultaneously improve the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells (OSCs). Poly(4-styrene sulfonate)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene (PEDOT:PSS), widely used as hole transport layer (HTL) in OSCs, tends to accelerate the degradation of devices because of its hygroscopic and acidic properties. In this regard, we have modified PEDOT:PSS to reduce its hygroscopic and acidic properties through a condensation reaction between PEDOT:PSS and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEGME) in order to improve the efficiency and stability of OSCs. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) increased by 21%, from 2.57% up to 3.11%. A better energy level alignment by the reduced work function of the modified PEDOT:PSS with a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) is considered the origin of the improved the efficiency. The half-life of OSCs with PEDOT:PSS modified with PEGME buffer layer also increased up to 3.5 times compared to that of devices with pristine PEDOT:PSS buffer layer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PEDOT:PSS grafted with PEGME was investigated as anode buffer layer in organic solar cells. </LI> <LI> The film has less water absorption and reduces corrosion of ITO anode. </LI> <LI> Also, the increased conductivity of the film is accompanied by a reduction of the work function. </LI> <LI> The PEDOT:PSS grafted with PEGME not only enhanced efficiency but also stability of the device. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>