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Notes on Ellipsis and Movement Asymmetries
Hee-Don Ahn,Sungeun Cho 한국언어학회 2015 언어 Vol.40 No.2
Ahn, Hee-Don & Cho, Sungeun. 2015. Notes on Ellipsis and Movement Asymmetries. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 40-2, 00-00, Movement and ellipsis have common features in both conceptual and empirical grounds. Conceptually, both movement and ellipsis share an operation “delete” and contain copies lacking phonological elements under the standard minimalistic treatments. Empirically, certain categories seem to undergo both ellipsis and movement, and may be subject to similar conditions. However, some categories can undergo only movement, but other categories can undergo only ellipsis. This paper aims to show that conditions on movement and ellipsis are not reducible to a single principle, and are subject to independent licensing principles in UG. We propose two overarching licensing conditions on movement and ellipsis; (i) only functional categories can license the ellipsis of their complements, (ii) movable categories should be phases. Given these conditions, our proposal can explain ellipsis and movement asymmetries in English. (Konkuk University & Yeungnam University)
On the Absence of CP Ellipsis in English and Korean
Ahn,Hee-Don,Sungeun Cho 한국언어학회 2009 언어 Vol.34 No.2
This paper aims to show that CP deletion in English and Korean is not possible. We suggest that the absence of CP ellipsis results from the premise that lexical categories such as V don't bear an E feature, hence cannot license the deletion of their CP complements. We claim that apparent CP ellipsis is equivalent to DP deletion, which is subsequently subsumed to the occurrence of Pro.
Notes on VP Preposing in Multiple Accusative Constructions
Hee-Don Ahn(Hee-Don Ahn),Sungeun Cho(Sungeun Cho) 한국생성문법학회 2023 생성문법연구 Vol.33 No.1
In many languages, verb phrases may undergo movement to a sentence initial position. In Korean, the object along with the verb undergoes preposing leaving the subject as a remnant while the subject along with the verb cannot undergo preposing leaving the object as a remnant. In the latter, an unbound trace is inside the preposed constituent and the Proper Binding Condition (PBC) is violated. The subject-object asymmetry shows a non-trivial implication for the structure of VP/vP. This squib investigates VP preposing in various types of multiple accusative constructions (MACs) in Korean and aims to shed light on its structure. The previous analyses of MAC can be classified into a constituent analysis and a non-constituent analysis. The former assumes that the two accusative nominals form a constituent in the underlying structure while the latter assumes that they are not. This squib attempts to show which analysis can account for the (im)possibility of VP preposing in each sub-type of MACs. We suggest that ill-formed examples in some sub-types of MACs are related to the PBC violation, which supports the constituent analysis of the construction. We further discuss a different group of MACs which can be treated as a non-constituent analysis.
Ahn, Sungeun,Singh, Priyanka,Jang, Mi,Kim, Yu-Jin,Castro-Aceituno, Veró,nica,Simu, Shakina Yesmin,Kim, Yeon Ju,Yang, Deok-Chun Elsevier 2018 Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Vol.162 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We reported the rapid synthesis (<8s) of gold nanoparticles at room temperature using Acanthopanacis cortex extract (A-AuNPs). We characterized the A-AuNPs using several analytical techniques and found that nano-flower type A-AuNPs, which are known to possess a coarse surface with a high surface to volume ratio, conferring these particles with high binding capacity for various biological molecules. After confirming the stability of the nanoparticles, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of A-AuNPs in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These nanoparticles inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 protein as well as gene expression level, along with reduction of NO and PGE<SUB>2</SUB> production. Furthermore, we observed that the A-AuNPs inhibited translocation of NF-κB and AP-1 through phosphorylation of MAPK signaling by western blot analysis. In summary, we synthesized gold nanoflowers in an economical and eco-friendly way using Acanthopanacis cortex extract and the resultant flower-like A-AuNPs had anti-inflammatory activity, highlighting their potential as therapeutic candidates for suppression of inflammatory-mediated diseases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Acanthopanacis-AuNPs suppressed NF-κB and AP-1 through phosphorylation of MAPKs signaling in RAW264.7 cells. </LI> <LI> It also inhibited the LPS-induced production of iNOS and COX-2 in the RAW 264.7 cells. </LI> <LI> Acanthopanacis-AuNPs may be able to inhibit the inflammatory diseases. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Role of Glyoxylate Shunt in Oxidative Stress Response
Ahn, Sungeun,Jung, Jaejoon,Jang, In-Ae,Madsen, Eugene L.,Park, Woojun American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2016 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.291 No.22
<P>The glyoxylate shunt (GS) is a two-step metabolic pathway (isocitrate lyase, aceA; and malate synthase, glcB) that serves as an alternative to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The GS bypasses the carbon dioxide-producing steps of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is essential for acetate and fatty acid metabolism in bacteria. GS can be up-regulated under conditions of oxidative stress, antibiotic stress, and host infection, which implies that it plays important but poorly explored roles in stress defense and pathogenesis. In many bacterial species, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, aceA and glcB are not in an operon, unlike in Escherichia coli. In P. aeruginosa, we explored relationships between GS genes and growth, transcription profiles, and biofilm formation. Contrary to our expectations, deletion of aceA in P. aeruginosa improved cell growth under conditions of oxidative and antibiotic stress. Transcriptome data suggested that aceA mutants underwent a metabolic shift toward aerobic denitrification; this was supported by additional evidence, including up-regulation of denitrification-related genes, decreased oxygen consumption without lowering ATP yield, increased production of denitrification intermediates (NO and N2O), and increased cyanide resistance. The aceA mutants also produced a thicker exopolysaccharide layer; that is, a phenotype consistent with aerobic denitrification. A bioinformatic survey across known bacterial genomes showed that only microorganisms capable of aerobic metabolism possess the glyoxylate shunt. This trend is consistent with the hypothesis that the GS plays a previously unrecognized role in allowing bacteria to tolerate oxidative stress.</P>
Notes on Bi-clausal Analysis of Multiple Fragments: A Reply to Chung (2019)
Hee-Don Ahn,Sungeun Cho 한국생성문법학회 2019 생성문법연구 Vol.29 No.3
Ahn & Cho (2017a) suggests that multiple fragments consist of two clauses plus additional ellipsis. Two important claims are as follows. First, prior to ellipsis, the sentential source can be a syntactically and semantically complete answer to the question. Second, island violation is not repaired by ellipsis. Based on these, Ahn & Cho (2017a-c) account for ill-formed examples related to multiple fragments. Recently, Chung (2019) discusses problems that the bi-clausal analysis of multiple fragments may have. This squib critically reviews the defects pointed out by Chung (2019) and attempts to show that they are not real. This squib also provides further evidence for the no-repair-by-ellipsis analysis of multiple fragments in Korean.
Hee-Don Ahn,Sungeun Cho 한국생성문법학회 2009 생성문법연구 Vol.19 No.1
The aim of this squib is to resolve problems pointed out by Hong & Park (2005) and Park (2008). Following Ahn & Cho (2006), we argue that the binding facts peculiar to fragments in Korean result from (PF-vacuous) scrambling that is allowed in elliptical environments and vehicle change effects that are observed in elliptical contexts.
On Scrambling and Reconstruction
( Hee-don Ahn ),( Sungeun Cho ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2019 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.37 No.-
This paper aims to solve scope and binding puzzles related to clause-internal and external scrambling in Korean. In order to do this, we focus on the nature of movement which does not seem to be one unitary homogeneous operation. Following Ahn and Cho(2010), we propose that source of scope ambiguity hinges on two possible derivations: Scrambled phrases are derived either via Focus-movement or Adjunction. “Adjuncted” scrambled phrase must obligatorily undergo reconstruction, and is interpreted in situ for scope at LF. Focused QP, in contrast, remains in Spec-C at LF since it undergoes scope-taking movement. We also suggest that binding puzzles are resolved if we examine the derivational history of moved elements. Assuming that binding condition applies throughout the derivation, we resolve binding puzzles related to clause-internal/external scrambling.