On Form-function Mismatch Puzzles in Fragments

Hee-Don Ahn(안희돈),Sungeun Cho(조성은) 담화·인지언어학회 2006 담화와 인지 Vol.13 No.1

Fragmentary utterances refer to short answers smaller than grammatically complete sentence. Interestingly, the fragments convey the same propositional content that their full sentential counterparts do and have assertoric force. To capture this form-function mismatch, two types of analyses have been made so far: direct interpretation analyses and ellipsis analyses. The former assumes that fragments don't have hidden sentential structure and consist of non-sentential XPs. Hence, the expository burden from form-function mismatch is placed on syntax-semantics. The latter assumes that fragments have full sentential structure prior to ellipsis. Hence, compared with direct interpretation analyses, less simple syntactic structure is assumed. The ellipsis analyses have a crucial advantage such as preservation of usual syntax-semantic mapping: uniform factors in interpretation must stem from uniform syntactic source. This paper aims to show that the ellipsis analyses are more plausible in explaining grammatical properties of fragments. We claim that ellipsis approach is superior to alternatives in explaining both case-marked and non-case-marked fragments in Korean. Diverse evidence from case-matching, scope, P-stranding is presented to confirm our analysis.

Notes on Ellipsis and Movement Asymmetries

Hee-Don Ahn,Sungeun Cho 한국언어학회 2015 언어 Vol.40 No.2

Ahn, Hee-Don & Cho, Sungeun. 2015. Notes on Ellipsis and Movement Asymmetries. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 40-2, 00-00, Movement and ellipsis have common features in both conceptual and empirical grounds. Conceptually, both movement and ellipsis share an operation “delete” and contain copies lacking phonological elements under the standard minimalistic treatments. Empirically, certain categories seem to undergo both ellipsis and movement, and may be subject to similar conditions. However, some categories can undergo only movement, but other categories can undergo only ellipsis. This paper aims to show that conditions on movement and ellipsis are not reducible to a single principle, and are subject to independent licensing principles in UG. We propose two overarching licensing conditions on movement and ellipsis; (i) only functional categories can license the ellipsis of their complements, (ii) movable categories should be phases. Given these conditions, our proposal can explain ellipsis and movement asymmetries in English. (Konkuk University & Yeungnam University)

압착방법별 포도 착즙액의 품질특성

최희돈,김성수,김경탁,홍희도,김상희 한국식품영양학회 2002 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

캠벨과 거봉을 이용하여 여러 가지 압착방법에 따른 착즙액의 이화학적 및 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 수율의 경우 캠벨, 거봉이 동일하게 냉압처리보다는 온압처리가, 온압처리에서도 낮은 온도보다는 높은 온도에서 수율이 높게 나타났으며, 또 온압 · 펙틴분해 병행처리가 각각 83.5% , 87.3%로 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한 당도와 아미노테 질소도 열처리온도의 상승 및 압착방법의 병행에 의해 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 적정산도는 캠밸과 거봉이 압착방법에 따라 각각 0.86 ~ 1.00%, 0.60 ~ 0.69%로 거봉에 비해 캠벨의 산도가 높았으며, 열처리온도가 산도 증감에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 압착방법에 따른 착즙액에 대한 관능검사 결과 열처리 온도의 상승 및 착즙액에 대한 관능검사 결과 열처리온도의 상승 및 압착방법의 병행에 의해 떫은 맛과 산맛의 강도가 강하여지고 이들 처리구의 기호도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. The physicochemical and sensory properties of Campbell Early and Gerbong juices prepared by various pressing methods were studied. The yields of these juices by mixed method were 83.5% and 87.5%, the highest value of various pressing methods. And soluble solids and amino nitrogens of them decreased as heating temperature increased and was lowest when mixed method was performed. Titratable acidities of Campbell Early juice was 0.86 ~ 1.00%, higher than that of Gerbong juice, 0.60 ~ 0.69%. Also the strength of astringent taste and sour taste of Campbell Early and Gerbong juice increased as heating temperature increased, and increased strength of these tastes gave good sensory evaluation to grape juices.

골다공성 척추 압박 골절 환자에서 시행한후관절 주사술의 효과 비교

김희상,유승돈,안경회 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.3

CMOS 표준 셀 설계와 계산기를 이용한 레이아웃에 관한 연구

서희돈 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1988 연구보고 Vol.16 No.1

This paper describes the CMOS standard cell library implemented sigle poly gate process with 5㎛ design rule, its placement strategy and its results of testing. This standard cell library contains total 10 cells of basic logic gates, double logic gates and input/output buffers. All of the cells were made to have the equal height of 28λ. Cell placement and floor-plan is based on the iterative pairwise interchange using the estiment total routing length as a figure-of-merit. The device parameter and electric charactristics of each cell were investigated in the test element group. As the testing results of Ring Oscillator, the average delay time for inverter was 1.8(ns).

讀者의 反應 : 春圓의 <無情>을 중심으로

권희돈 명지대학교 숭례어문학회 1985 숭례어문학 Vol.2 No.-

관광변수의 계절변동 분석 : 국립공원탐방객을 중심으로

원융희,이돈재 龍仁大學校 1997 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze seasonalities with regard to 18 National Parks. To effectively analyze the seasonalities, national parks were divided into six groups: Jungbu, Chungcheng, Seonam, Dongnam, Mts and Shores. Analysis of Variance tables, Arima Model and Log Difference were used to analyze the seasonalities of national park. The paper is intended to examine the difference between mean and variance of visitors and investigate the stages which are converging or enlarging between inter-season and intra-season in each cases. To verifiy the study, we converted original data into seasonal dummy variables and deseasonally adjusted data to eliminate the secular trend, cyclical variation and irregular variation. This analysis results in several categories. The stationary stage was not shown in most of the national parks. As to the seasonality between inter-season and intra-season, it was difficult to fond the stylized facts uniformed characters converging or enlarging trends. The fluctuation of variation was also not found in the parks near metroplitans. It means that the parks without accessibility and demand threshhold show high variance of visitors between seasons. The least interval variation in the log difference was found in Jungbu Group including Seolak, Gaeyong, and Bukhan. But the most interval variation due to the high demand in summer was revealed in the Shores Group including Dadohae, Taean, and Hanryo. Each Mts. group has its own distinctive features. For example, in case of Naejang, the most variation was shown due to the highest demand in fall. Finally, the seasonal variance of visitors are still considerably exist across the national parks, but this difference is closer to the mean as time goes.

海女漁場紛糾 調査硏究 : 海女入漁慣行의 實態와 性格分析을 中心으로 Their Fishing Practice and Its Characteristics

金斗熙,金榮敦 제주대학교 1982 논문집 Vol.14 No.1

(1) 2萬數千에 이르는 濟州 海女는 世界的 存在다. 이 세상에는 韓國과 日本에만 海女가 있는데, 海女의 本據地는 제주도다. 海女들은 근래 激滅되어 가므로 海女에 대한 調査 硏究는 퍽 시급하지만 아직 큰 進展이 없다. (2.1) 海女들은 漁場을 물에 있는 밭의 延長으로 觀念한다. 漁場을 밭과 꼭 같은 生計를 위한 作業道場으로 생각하기 때문에 海女들은 바다를 마치 집안처럼 친숙하게 여긴다. 第 1種共同漁場이라고도 하는 海女漁場은 마을단위로 나누어지는데, 마을에 따라서는 동네마다 나누어지기도 한다. (2.2) 원래 海女들의 入漁는 國家法이나 行政官廳의 간여없이 慣行에 따라 이루어져 오다가 1962년부터 水産業協同組合法이 제정, 시행됨에 따라, 漁材契가 어촌부락딘위로 조직되고 共同漁業權을 행사하고 있다. 海女들의 入漁權, 入漁時期, 採取物 採取, 收益 分配方法 등에 따른 統制는 潛嫂會 (海女會 )가 맡고 있다. (3.1) 제주도내의 漁場紛糾는 마을과 마을 사이 (혹은 동네와 동네 사이 )의 漁場區劃에 대한 紛爭이 대부분이다. 필자들은 다음의 다섯마을을 대상으로 入漁慣行과 그 紛糾를 조사했는데 A,B,C는 그 분규가 심했던 마을이다. A. 北濟州郡 翰京面 龍水里 B. 北濟州郡 舊左邑 終達里 C. 北濟州郡 舊左邑 演坪里(소섬) D, 北濟州郡 涯月邑 涯月里 E, 北濟州郡 朝天面 北村累 위 A,B,C 마을을 통한 紛糾의 공통점을 간추리면 다음과 같다. 첫째 漁場紛糾의 發生은 社會經濟事情의 變化에 따라 종래의 共同體的 秩序意識이 무너져가는 한 斷面이라 볼 수 있다. 둘째 예전에 비하여 海藻類의 商品價値性이 드높아져 감에 따라 排他的 利權意識이 일어 漁場紛糾가 激甚해졌었다. 근래 이르러서는 미역의 債格이 暴落하고 正確한 漁湯圖에 따른 入漁가 이루어지기 때문에 그 분규는 거의 사라졌다. 세째 그 漁場紛糾의 실마리는 대체로 從來의 慣行을 충분히 고려하지 않고 漁場區劃線을 劃定했거나, 共閣入漁區域의 分割을 원만한 合意없이 이루었다는 데 있었다. (3.2) 제주도 해녀들은 約百年前부터 韓半島 各沿海는 물론이요, 日本, 中國, 러시아까지 出稼했다. 그들의 構益을 위해 1956년에는 가장 많은 해녀가 나갔던 慶尙北道 九龍浦·良浦·大甫 三個水協 共同漁場에 제주도 해녀 1,070명이 入漁할 수 있는 入漁慣行權을 제정받기에 이르렀다. 그러나 그들의 權益收奪은 根絶되지 않음으로써 항상 말썽이 뒤따랐으며 드디어 1967년 慶尙北道側에서는 慶北裁定地區에 出稼하는 제주 해녀들에 대한 '入漁慣行權 消滅確認請求訴訟'을 제기하기에 이르렀다. 이 訴訟事件은 큰 波紋을 던지면서 이어졌거니와 그 동안에도 줄곧 海女出稼는 계속되어 갔다. (4.1) 海女의 入漁慣行은 權利이냐, 또는 法의 反射的 作用이냐를 두고 많은 論難이 거듭되어 왔다. 入漁慣行은 일종의 物權的 權利로 보는 것이 타당하다. (4.2) 海女들의 入漁慣行도 나날이 變化하는 社會經濟的 事情에 따라 변모되지 않을 수 없다. (5.1) 근래 이르러 도내에서의 慣行入漁는 사실상 보호 받고 있어서 이로 말미암은 法的是非는 거의 없다. 다만 아직도 韓半島에는 제주 해녀들이 出稼하고 있으며 이들에 대한 權益保護는 遼遠한 실정이므로 水産業法이 改正돼야 하는 등 충분한 대책이 세워져야 할것이다. (5.2) 出稼海女에 대한 客主나 現住民의 收奪을 방지하기 위하여 出稼海女의 慣行入漁에 따르는 諸般義務를 法令으로 규정하는 것이 타당하며, 共同漁場에의 潛水器船 侵入을 철저히 規制하기 위한 확고한 대책이 마련되어야 할 것이다. Twenty five thousand odd women divers In Jeju Island arouse worldwide interest. Only two nations, Korea and Japan, have women divers in the world, but their base of operations is Jeju Island. Because the young girls In feju Island don't want to become women divers any more, the number of women divers grow smaller and smaller day by day. Therefore, the analysis and research on women divers' problems must be conducted without delay. Women divers look upon fishing grounds as the extention of a field on the land. And they think fishing grounds to be working places only for their livehood so that they regard the sea as their intimate home. Women divers' fishing grounds are divided according to units of local communities, or in some other cases according to those of neighborhood. By nature, women divers' fishing had been done according to the havitual practice without the assitance of government or laws, have been consitued as a unit of each fishing village and have exercised their common fishing rights since 1962. The local fishermen's association and the divers' group (women divers' association-) jointly take charge of the fishery rights, the regulation of the fishing season, harvest of the products, as well as the method of division of these products, etc. The troubles over fishing grounds have resulted in then over the divisions of fishing grounds among local communities, or villages. We investigators, inquired the habitual fishing practices and the complications. Villages, A, B and C, are the ones in which the serious troubles over fishing grounds have aroused and villages, D and C, are the ones where such troubles have never been broken out. A. Youngsu Ri, Hankyeong Meon, Bukjuje Gun. B. Jongdal Ri, Guiwa Eub, Bukjeju Gun. C. Yeongpyeong Ri, Gujwa Eub, Bukieiu Gvn. D. Aeweol Ri, Aeweol Eub, Bukjeju Gun. D. Bukchon Ri, Jocheon Meon, Bukjeju Gun. The common issues of such troubles in the case of above A, B and C villages are as follows: First, the outbreak of the troubles over fishing grounds can be considered as the breakdown of the people's consciousness of order, caused by the change of the conditions of social economy. Second, as the commercial value of marine plants had been going up, the consciousness of the rights and interests had become very strong so that the troubles had become acute. Recently most of the troubles have disappeared because the price of brown seaweeds has declined heavily and fishing had been done be abiding by the correct boundaries of fishing grounds. Third, the immediate cause of the troubles over fishing grounds was that the boundary lines had been demarcated without enough consideration of habitual practice heretofore, or that the division of common fishing areas had been made without satisfactory agreement. Women divers in Jeju Do had done fishing at the coasts of Japan, China and Russia, not to mention at the coast along the Korean penninsular. One thousand and seventy women divers in Jeju Island were given the legal right to fishing in common fishing grounds under the control of the following three fishery cooperations: Kuryongpo, Yangpo and Daebo in Kyungsang Pukto, where the more women divers of Jeju Island did their Asking in 1956 than any other time. But many problems about their rights and interests has taken place. Therefore, the Government of Kyungsang Puk Do took legal proceedings against the existing habitual practice of the fishing rights in 1967. It created a great stir for a long time. It is reasonable to regard women divers' Asking habitual practice as a kind of the real right jus in rem. But even this habitual practice must be changed as the conditions of the social economy are changing day by day. Recently they received the proper protection in the case of the habitual fishing practice in Jeju Do. Consequently, there are few legal disputes. But even thesedays, women divers in Jeju Island go and do fish along the coast of Kyungsang Puk Do, etc; therefore, their rights and interests must be protected perfectly. And a permanent counterplan and legislative system must be divised in order to thoroughly probit fleets equipped with diving apparatus from frequenting common fishing grounds.

大邱 飛山洞 미나리(Oenanthe javanica D. C.) 栽培地의 土壤 및 植物體內에 있어서 重金屬의 分布

鄭凞敦,李在奭 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1983 環境硏究 Vol.3 No.1

In orber to investigate the content of heavy metals in dropwort plants, (Oenanthe javanica D. C.) and soils of dropwort-fields in Bisandong which are considered to be polluted by sewage inflow from Daegu city the sample soils and the plants were taken at 0 m, 500 m, 1,000 m and 1,500 m from the sewage inflow point of the city and were analyzed with the control plot samples taken from Chilgog and Gunwi areas of Gyeongbug province which were regarded as unpollutd areas. 1. The soil pH of the Bisan area was 5.37~6.08 indicating weak to strong acidity, the content of organic matters showed 2.46~5.53%, the available phosphorus was in the range of 138~451 ppm. The content of such bases as K,Ca,Mg and Na were 0.25~0.34, 10.26~13.28, 2.72~3.58 and 1.09~1.75 me/100g, respectively, all of which were higher in Bisan area than in the control plots (Chilgog and Gunwi). 2. In the soil average Fe content fell in-between 220 ppm and 631 ppm and did not show significant difference among the areas. Mean content of Mn being 218~312 ppm in which range Bisan area showed a higher content than the control area. The Zn and Cu contents were as high as 206 ppm and 115 ppm, respectively, in the Bisan area. Average range of Cd contents in the Bisan area was 0.34~0.51 ppm with the highest content at 0.77 ppm. The Pb content maximum of 16 ppm was higher than the control plots. 3. Mean Fe content in dropwort plants was higher in the Bisan area whereas Mn content did not show much difference compared with the control areas. The highest Zn content was 93 ppm. Cu content averaged within the range of 7.2~11.5 ppm. The highest contents of Cd and Pb in the dropwort plants were as high as 0.75 and 9.0 ppm, respectively.

양질의 방진마스크용 필터 개발을 위한 방향제시

한돈희 인제대학교 1999 仁濟論叢 Vol.14 No.3

Most of manufacturers try to produce the most efficient filter for respirators with the lowest breathing resistance. Filter performance depends on the low penetration, i.e., the high efficiency (%), and pressure drop (mmH2O). This study was performed to suggest the direction for development of good performance of mechanical filters for respirators and filtering facepieces. Two mechanical filters, S and K made in Korea, three filtering facepieces, S made in China, C made in Korea and M made in USA, which were widely used in the workplace were selected and tested efficiency and pressure drop in accordance with flow rate, using with Automated Filter Tester Model 8110 (TSI, USA). It was necessary for mechanical filter S to lower pressure drop without increasing efficiency, but mechanical filter K should be increased efficiency and decreased pressure drop. While filtering facepiece M had the best quality performance of three ones, S and C should get much higher efficiency and lower pressure for better performance.